Identical

Definition: Identical

Identical

Adjective

1. Exactly alike; incapable of being perceived as different; "rows of identical houses"; "cars identical except for their license plates"; "they wore indistinguishable hats".

2. Being the exact same one; not any other:; "this is the identical room we stayed in before"; "the themes of his stories are one and the same"; "saw the selfsame quotation in two newspapers"; "on this very spot"; "the very thing he said yesterday"; "the very man I want to see".

3. (of twins) derived from a single egg or ovum; "identical twins are monovular".

4. (physics) having properties with uniform values along all axes.

5. Coinciding exactly when superimposed; "identical triangles".

Date "identical" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1550. (references)

Etymology: Identical \I*den"tic*al\, adjective. [Compare to French identique. See Identity.]. (references)

Specialty Definition: Identical particles

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Identical particles are particles that cannot be distinguished from one another, even in principle. Elementary particles as well as composite microscopic particles (e.g. protons or atoms) are identical to other particles of the same species.
In classical physics, it is possible to distinguish individual particles in a system, even if they have the same mechanical properties. One might either paint each particle a unique color to distinguish it from the rest, or track the trajectory of each particle. However, this does not work for identical particles. This may be understood in the framework of quantum mechanics. Roughly speaking, the "painting" method fails because the particles are exactly specified by their quantum mechanical states, and no additional physical properties can be assigned to them. Tracking each particle is equally impossible, because the position of each particle is inherently probabilistic.
This has important consequences in statistical mechanics. Calculations in statistical mechanics rely on probabilistic arguments, which are sensitive to whether or not the objects being studied are identical. Therefore, identical particles exhibit statistical bulk behavior markedly different from classical distinguishable particles. This is further discussed below.

Identical Particles and Exchange Symmetry
We will elucidate the above statements with a little technical detail. It turns out that "identicality" is linked to a symmetry of quantum mechanical states under the interchange of particle labels. This will give rise to two types of particles which behave differently under the exchange symmetry, called fermions and bosons (there is also an unusual third type, called anyons and its generalization, plektons.) The following relies on formalism developed in the article mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics.
Consider a system with two identical particles. Suppose the state vector of one particle is |ψ>, and the state vector of the other particle is |ψ′>. Let us represent the state of the combined system, which is some unspecified combination of the single-particle states, by

.

If the particles are identical, then (i) their state vectors occupy mathematically identical Hilbert spaces, and (ii) |ψψ′> and |ψ′ ψ> must have equal probability to collapse to any other multi-particle state |φ>:

This property is referred to as exchange symmetry. One way of satisfying this symmetry is for permutation to introduce only a phase:

However, two permutations are the identity, so we require e^2iα = 1. Then either

which is called a totally symmetric state, or

which is called a totally antisymmetric state.

Fermions, Bosons, Anyons and Plektons
In the above discussion, we did not prove that total symmetric or antisymmetric states are the only way to satisfy exchange symmetry. However, it is an empirical fact that particles in Nature have quantum states that are either totally symmetric or totally antisymmetric, with a single minor exception that will be discussed later. Furthermore, the choice of symmetry or antisymmetry is determined entirely by a particle's species. For example, photons always form totally symmetric states, and electrons always form totally antisymmetric ones.
Particles which exhibit totally antisymmetric states are called fermions. Total antisymmetry gives rise to the Pauli exclusion principle, which forbids identical fermions from sharing the same quantum state; this is the reason for the stability of matter. The Pauli exclusion principle leads to Fermi-Dirac statistics, which describes systems of many identical fermions.
Particles which exhibit totally symmetric states are called bosons. Unlike fermions, identical bosons can share quantum states. Because of this, systems of many identical bosons are described by Bose-Einstein statistics. This gives rise to such varied phenomena as the laser, Bose-Einstein condensation, and superfluidity.
One exception to the above rule: in certain two-dimensional systems subjected to a strong magnetic field, mixed symmetry can occur. These exotic particles are known as anyons, and obey fractional statistics. This phenomenon has been observed in the two-dimensional electron gases that form the inversion layer of MOSFETs.
There is also yet another statistic called plektons with braid statistics.
The spin-statistics theorem relates the exchange symmetry of identical particles to their spin. It states that bosons have integer spin, and fermions have half-integer spin. Anyons possess fractional spin.

Symmetrization and Antisymmetrization
Earlier, we stated that the two-particle state |ψψ′> is some combination of the single-particle states |ψ> and |ψ′>. However, we have not stated what the combination is. The natural guess is (since it is the canonical way to define the basis of the Hilbert space of two particles from one-particle states; in what follows we assume all states refer to some basis)

One can readily verify that this choice is generally neither totally symmetric nor totally antisymmetric. To satisfy these conditions, we must construct the multi-particle state more carefully. For bosons,

and for fermions,

This method of constructing multi-particle states from single-particle states is referred to as symmetrization (for bosons) and antisymmetrization (for fermions.) Since particles of a given specy always stick to the same symmetrization requirement, one can work with a Hilbert space properly symmetrized, i.e., which states |ψ₁ψ₂...ψ_N>_ζ all obey either bosonic (ζ=+) or fermionic (ζ=-) statistics. Such a space is called a Fock space.
The procedure of symmetrization readily generalizes to the case of N particles. Suppose we have N single-particle states |ψ₁>, |ψ₂>, ..., |ψ_N>. If the particles are bosons, the multi-particle state is

and for fermions,

Here, the sum is taken over all permutations p acting on N elements, and sgn(p) is the signature of each permutation (i.e. +1 if p is composed of an even number of transpositions, and -1 if odd.)
The inner product of two symmetrized states is given by, as can be checked by explicit computation:

where is either the determinant (ζ=-) or the permanent (ζ=+). In the case where the state is dotted with
of
the position basis, so that the inner product yields the N-particle wavefunction, the inner product for fermions is called the Slater determinant.
This shows that states, although orthogonals, are not properly symmetrized in the case of bosons (ζ=-) whenever some states appear more than once (that is, if not all φ_i, φ_j are pairwise orthogonals). The proper normalized states are:

where n_i is the number of times the state ψ_i appear in the N-particle state. This precaution is unnecessary for fermions since in this case all n_i! are always unity. With this latter definition, one has for the closure relation (also valid for fermions):

where the sum extends other all basis states of the N-particles Hilbert space.

Statistics
Earlier, we noted that distinguishable particles, fermions, and bosons give rise to different statistics. This can be demonstrated using a toy model of two particles. (We do not consider anyons.)
Suppose we have a composite system consisting of two particles, A and B. Each particle can exist in two possible states, labelled |0> and |1>, which have the same energy. We let the composite system evolve in time, interacting with a noisy environment. Because the |0> and |1> states are energetically equivalent, neither state is favored, so this process has the effect of randomizing the states. (This is discussed in the article on quantum entanglement.) After some time, the composite system will have an equal probability of occupying each of the states available to it. We then measure the particle states.
If A and B are distinguishable particles, then the composite system has four distinct states: |0>|0>, |1>|1>, |0>|1>, and |1>|0>. The probability of obtaining two particles in the |0> state is 0.25; the probability of obtaining two particles in the |1> state is 0.25; and the probability of obtaining one particle in the |0> state and the other in the |1> state is 0.5.
If A and B are identical bosons, then the composite system has only three distinct states: |0>|0>, |1>|1>, and 2^-1/2(|0>|1> + |1>|0>). When we perform the experiment, the probability of obtaining two particles in the |0> state is now 0.33; the probability of obtaining two particles in the |1> state is 0.33; and the probability of obtaining one particle in the |0> state and the other in the |1> state is 0.33. Note that the probability of finding particles in the same state is relatively larger than in the distinguishable case. This demonstrates the tendency of bosons to "clump."
If A and B are identical fermions, there is only one state available to the composite system: the totally antisymmetric state 2^-1/2(|0>|1> - |1>|0>). When we perform the experiment, we inevitably find that one particle is in the |0> state and the other is in the |1> state.
The results are summarized in Table 1:

Table 1: Statistics of two particles
Particles Both 0 Both 1 One 0 and one 1

Distinguishable 0.25 0.25 0.5

Bosons 0.33 0.33 0.33

Fermions 0 0 1

As can be seen, even a system of two particles exhibits different statistical behaviors between distinguishable particles, bosons, and fermions. In the articles on Fermi-Dirac statistics and Bose-Einstein statistics, these principles are extended to large number of particles, with qualitatively similar results.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Identical particles."

Table 1: Statistics of two particles
Particles	Both 0	Both 1	One 0 and one 1
Distinguishable	0.25	0.25	0.5
Bosons	0.33	0.33	0.33
Fermions	0	0	1

Context	Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).
Identity	Verb: be identical; Adjective: coincide, coalesce, merge.
	Treat as the same, render the same, identical; identify;treat as the same, render the same, identical; identify; recognize the identity of.
	Adjective: identical; self, ilk; the same; n. selfsame, one and the same, homoousian.
Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

Domain	Title
Books	A comparison of paper in identical copies of books from the Lawrence University, the Newberry, and the New York Public Libraries (reference) How to spot and handle suppression in medicine : identical medical and religious patterns of suppression in the late twentieth century (reference) Identical Relations in Lie Algebras (reference) Identical Twins Reared Apart (reference) Master s Carpet or Masonry and Baal-Worship Identical (1887) (reference) (more book examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Several shots of a scientist in a laboratory setting, wearing a white coat and performing a test. Only his hands are visible in some of the photos. The scientist is sorting B-cells taken from the bone marrow of a patient with Lupus disease. The Lupus antibody-producing cell is isolated in a well, to be fused with a cancerous mouse myeloma B-cell, producing a hybridoma. Hybridomas produce identical monoclonal antibodies in large quantities and indefinitely. Credit: Linda Bartlett (photographer).		The wasp’s compound eye is actually made up of many identical receptor units called ommatidia. Each receptor contains its own lens and light sensitive cells, and is actually an eye unto itself. Credit: CDC.
	Figure 11. Lyth river current meter- this instrument is identical to that built by Ambler-Lafond. It functions according to the turnstile principle of Reinhard Woltman which dates from the end of the 19th Century. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.		This image represents the equilibration of osmotic stress among the phase under study and the external stressing solution in vast excess across a semipermeable membrane. At equilibrium the osmotic pressure of the stressing solution is identical to the osmotic pressure stressing the subphase. Credit: NICHD.
	One of an identical pair from the Confederate cruiser Shenandoah (1864-1865). Credit: NAVY.		At Port Said, Egypt, 26 June - 4 July 1898, while serving with Admiral Camara's squadron. The Spanish auxiliary cruiser Patriota is in the background. This photograph's original negative was retouched by the photographer to remove Audaz' identification letters on her bow and stern, permitting sale of the image as representing the virtually identical Osada. Credit: NAVY.
	Line engraving, published in the book: "The Stevens Ironclad Battery", in 1874, showing the ship's ultimate planned configuration as a large sea-going single turret monitor. This depiction is virtually identical to that of USS Puritan as seen in Photo # NH 42278. The original volume is held by the Navy Department Library. Credit: NAVY.		Identical twin girls, Roselle, N.J., posed three-quarter length, standing, facing front] / Diane Arbus. Credit: Library of Congress.
	Back porches of a series of identical houses. Bound Brook, New Jersey. Credit: Library of Congress.		Identical houses in Manville, New Jersey. Credit: Library of Congress.
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Author	Quotation
William James	Only necessity understood, and bondage to the highest is identical with true freedom.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Author	Date	Quotation
Communist Manifesto	1848	Just as, to the bourgeois, the disappearance of class property is the disappearance of production itself, so the disappearance of class culture is to him identical with the disappearance of all culture. (reference)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Title	Author	Quote
Scarlet Letter	Hawthorne, Nathaniel	This image, so nearly identical with the living Pearl, seemed to communicate somewhat of its own shadowy and intangible quality to the child herself
Les Miserables	Hugo, Victor	The reappearance of the light is identical with the persistence of the Me.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Subject	Topic	Quote
Health		When marrow is available from a brother or sister who is an identical match, the cure rate exceeds 85 percent. (references)
		Monoclonal antibodies are identical, laboratory-produced antibodies that are highly specific for a single antigen. (references)
		Identical malaria prevention information is provided at the CDC website and the toll-free Fax Information Service. (references)
Business		The first six digits used under the HS system are identical for all countries, the rest may vary. Table 4 shows the import duties assessed on some gas distribution and transportation equipment. (references)
		Also, through a cooperative agreement with the USG, U.S. defense contractors and the China Shipbuilding Corporation (CSBC), seven PFG-2 frigates have been constructed, with an 8th ship to begin construction in 2001. The PFG-2 is virtually identical to the Perry Class FFG-7 in use in the U.S Navy. Taiwan's Army (TA) and Air Force have purchased from the United States AH-1W and OH-58D helicopters, Patriot-based air-defense missile systems, Avenger and Dual Mounted Stinger surface-to-air missiles, TOW anti-tank missile systems, Harpoon, advanced targeting and radar systems for fighter jets, electronic warfare devices, and M60A3 tanks. (references)
Children	Sweden	On March 29, the Government reached an agreement whereby children of illegal immigrants receive dental and health care identical to that provided to other children. (references)
Civil Liberties	Benin	Registration requirements are identical for all religious groups. (references)
	Uzbekistan	In the past, officials have used the latter provision to block human rights NGO's and independent political parties from registering by creating another NGO or party with the identical name. (references)
Economic History	Belgium	Eligibility requirements for the Senate are identical to those for the Chamber. (references)
	Switzerland	In virtually all other areas, coverage is identical to that in the United States. (references)
	Honduras	In terms of operations and incentives, they are identical to the privately operated industrial parks. (references)
Human Rights	Bosnia and Herzegovina	In June 1999, judicial associations in both entities adopted identical codes of ethics for judges and prosecutors. (references)
Indigenous People	Australia	In August 1999, the Government, in identical motions passed by both Houses of the Federal Parliament, expressed public regret for past mistreatment of the Aboriginal minority; however, the government-sponsored motion of reconciliation was criticized by many Aboriginal leaders as not going far enough. (references)
Political Economy	CHILE	A legal parallel market operates with rates almost identical to the inter-bank exchange rate. (references)
Political Rights	Kuwait	Shortly thereafter members of the Assembly introduced identical legislation, but it also was defeated. (references)
	Georgia	International observers strongly criticized the election; the OSCE noted serious irregularities, including ballot stuffing, group voting, groups of identical signatures on voter's lists, media bias, and lack of transparency in counting and tabulation. (references)
	Korea	In 1998 SPA elections were held for the first time since 1990. According to the government-controlled media, over 99 percent of the voters participated to elect 100 percent of the candidates approved by the KWP. Results of previous SPA elections have produced virtually identical outcomes. (references)
Trade	Austria	The rates for the import value-added tax and the VAT are identical. (references)
	Germany	In common usage, value added tax (VAT) and turnover tax are regarded as being identical. (references)
	Canada	Though similar, Canada's product standards are not identical to those in the United States. (references)
Travel	Kazakhstan	Travelers may reach the Embassy of Kazakhstan in the U.S. in Washington, DC at 1401 16th Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20036; Tel: (202) 232-5488; Fax: (202) 232-5845. The Embassy of Kazakhstan requires a completed visa application form; the applicant's passport (not a photocopy); three professional, identical black and white passport-size photos; and a letter of invitation from a sponsoring institution in Kazakhstan. (references)
Women	Hungary	Women have the same rights as men, including identical inheritance and property rights. (references)
	Switzerland	The study, which compared wages for women and men in the private sector from 1994 to 1996, found that wages were on average 21.5 percent lower for women than for men with identical jobs and levels of education. (references)
Lexicography	Devil's Dictionary	CROSS, n. An ancient religious symbol erroneously supposed to owe its significance to the most solemn event in the history of Christianity, but really antedating it by thousands of years. By many it has been believed to be identical with the crux ansata of the ancient phallic worship, but it has been traced even beyond all that we know of that, to the rites of primitive peoples. We have to-day the White Cross as a symbol of chastity, and the Red Cross as a badge of benevolent neutrality in war. Having in mind the former, the reverend Father Gassalasca Jape smites the lyre to the effect following: "Be good, be good!" the sisterhood Cry out in holy chorus, And, to dissuade from sin, parade Their various charms before us. But why, O why, has ne'er an eye Seen her of winsome manner And youthful grace and pretty face Flaunting the White Cross banner? Now where's the need of speech and screed To better our behaving? A simpler plan for saving man (But, first, is he worth saving?) Is, dears, when he declines to flee From bad thoughts that beset him, Ignores the Law as 't were a straw, And wants to sin -- don't let him.
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

Speaker	Phrase(s)
Dennis Miller	If there's anyway I can have an identical carcass up on blocks out in the backyard that I can pilfer spare parts from as needed, sign me up.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Speaker	Term	Phrase(s)
Harry S. Truman	1945-1953	But management and labor have identical interests in the long run.
Jimmy Carter	1977-1981	In our modern world, when the deaths of literally millions of people can result from a few terrifying seconds of destruction, the path of national strength and security is identical to the path of peace.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Adjective (general or positive)	100%	2,177	4,025

Expressions using "identical": be identical ♦ identical categorisations ♦ identical categorizations ♦ identical copy ♦ identical equation ♦ identical errors ♦ identical pattern ♦ identical points ♦ identical standards ♦ identical twin ♦ identical twins ♦ identical with. Additional references.
Hyphenated Usage
	Beginning with "identical": identical-chain, IDENTICAL-TO.
	Ending with "identical": near-identical, non-identical.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Language		Translations for "identical"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Albanian		identik (duplicate, identic), i tëpkë (identic), i njëjtë (alike, equal, even, homogeneous, identic, like, same, uniform, very), i ngjashëm (alike, analogous, homogeneous, identic, like, near, parallel, resembling, same, similar). (various references)

Arabic		‏مماثل (analogous, comparable, like, similar), ‏متطابق (conforming, congruent, congruous, corresponding), ‏متجانس (homogeneous, matching, similar), ‏مطابق (agreeing, coinciding, conformable, congruent, congruous, correspondent, corresponding, harmonious), ‏مجانس (akin, like, namesake, similar), ‏مثيل, ‏ذاته (in the flesh, itself, oneself, same, selfsame). (various references)

Bulgarian		същият (identic), този именно (identic, selfsame), еднакъв (alike, coequal, equable, equal, even, identic, invariable, level, like, one, same, self, twin, unaffected, uniform), идентичен (identic, same). (various references)

Chinese		相同 (same). (various references)

Czech		identický (uniform), totožný (identic), stejný (alike, coequal, consistent, equal, even, like, one, parallel, same, tantamount, uniform), shodný (coincident, congruent, congruous, parallel, unanimous). (various references)

Danish		identisk. (various references)

Dutch		identiek (same). (various references)

Esperanto		identa. (various references)

Faeroese		samlíkur. (various references)

Finnish		identtinen, yhtäläinen (alike, equal, even, level, like, of the same kind, similar), sama (same). (various references)

French		identique. (various references)

Frisian		identyk. (various references)

German		identisch (identic, identically), gleich (again, alike, all the same, at once, conforming, equal, equally, equivalent, even, fitting, identic, identically, immediately, in a jiffy, in a minute, in a moment, instantaneous, instantly, just, level, like, likewise, now, outright, pair, parallel, promptly, right, right away, right now, same, similar, soon, straight away, the same, uniform, uniformly, without delay). (various references)

Greek		εντελώσ ο ίδιοσ, απαράλλακτοσ (self-same), ολόιδιος. (various references)

Hebrew		זהותי, זהה (same, selfsame). (various references)

Hungarian		azonos (equal, equal to, equivalent, identic, same). (various references)

Indonesian		serupa (alike, similar), sama (alike, analogical, analogous, ditto, equal, even, same, similiar). (various references)

Italian		identico (identic). (various references)

Japanese Kanji		同じ (changeless, common, equal, equivalent, same, similar, uniform). (various references)

Japanese Katakana		おなじ (changeless, common, equal, equivalent, same, similar, uniform), どうよう (agitation, children's song, commotion, disturbance, equal to, excitement, like, nursery rhyme, oscillation, pitching, rolling, same, shaking, trembling, unrest). (various references)

Language	Period	Translations
Latin	500 BCE-Modern	idem. (various references)
Late Latin	300-700	identitas. (various references)
Medieval Latin	700-1500	identicus. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Derivations
	Words beginning with "identical": identically, identicalness, identicalnesses. (additional references)
	Words ending with "identical": nonidentical. (additional references)
Misspellings
	"Identical" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: dentical, idential, identica, identicals, identicar, identicle, indentical. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

Expression	Frequency per Day	Expression	Frequency per Day
identical twin	308	girl identical twin	4
identical picture twin	27	identical non twin	3
identical	22	identical pic sex twin	3
identical twin dna	19	behavior identical twin	3
bio identical hormone	16	identical sister twin	3
fraternal identical twin	15	identical file	3
identical triplet	13	check identical file	3
identical lesbian twin	7	genetics identical twin	3
identical nude twin	6	fact identical twin	3
identical watch	6	identical photo twin	3
identical quadruplets	6	bio hormone identical replacement therapy	3
identical pregnancy twin	6	identical sexy twin	3
identical twin study	5	identical naked twin	3
fingerprint identical twin	5	disease identical twin	2
identical twin research	5	identical pic twin	2
bio hormone identical replacement	4	baby identical picture twin	2
identical sex twin	4	hormone identical nature	2
half identical twin	4	brother identical	2
boy identical twin	4	identical olsen twin	2
identical information twin	4	her identical sister twin	2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

# of Phoneme Matches	Pronunciation	Word(s) rhyming with "identical" (pronounced īde"ntikul or īde"nikul)
5	-t i k u l	acoustical, alphabetical, analytical, antithetical, apolitical, astronautical, critical, dialectical, ecclesiastical, egotistical, elliptical, fanatical, geopolitical, heretical, hypercritical, hypocritical, statistical, tactical, testicle, logistical, mathematical, mystical, nonpolitical, optical, pharmaceutical, problematical, sabbatical, theoretical, uncritical, vertical, viatical.
4	-i k u l	archaeological, archeological, astrological, astronomical, asymmetrical, atypical, autobiographical, bicycle, biographical, biological, biomedical, biotechnological, botanical, categorical, cervical, chronological, classical, comical, conical, cubicle, cyclical, cylindrical, cynical, dermatological, diabolical, ecological, economical, ecumenical, electrical, electrochemical, electromechanical, empirical, encyclical, epidemiological, eschatological, ethical, ethnical, evangelical, galenical, geographical, geological, geometrical, graphical, gynecological, helical, historical, hysterical, icicle, ideological, illogical, immunological, spherical, stereotypical, strategical, surgical, symmetrical, technical, technological, teleological, theatrical, theological, inimical, ironical, lackadaisical, lexical, liturgical, logical, lyrical, magical, mechanical, metallurgical, metaphorical, metaphysical, methodological, metrical, morphological, musical, mythological, neoclassical, neurological, nonelectrical, nonsensical, nonsurgical, nontechnical, ontological, ornithological, paradoxical, pathological, pedagogical, periodical, petrochemical, pharmacological, philosophical, phonological, physical, physiological, popsicle, preclinical, prototypical, psychical, psychological, puritanical, rabbinical, radiological, rhetorical, semiclassical, semicylindrical, semitropical, serological, sociological, topical, toxicological, tricycle, tropical, typographical, tyrannical, umbilical, uneconomical, unethical, untypical, vehicle, virological, whimsical, zoological.
3	-k u l	aeronautical, agrochemical, allegorical, anarchical, anatomical, ankle, anthropological, article, barnacle, biblical, bifocal, biochemical, brickle, buckle, cackle, chemical, Chronicle, chuckle, circle, clavicle, clerical, clinical, commonsensical, coracle, cortical, crackle, cuticle, cycle, debacle, diacritical, domical, ducal, encircle, epochal, equivocal, etymological, farcical, fecal, fickle, fiscal, focal, follicle, freckle, geophysical, gonococcal, grackle, grammatical, granduncle, hackle, heckle, heterocercal, hierarchical, honeysuckle, Huckle, hypothetical, impractical, Sokol, sparkle, speckle, spectacle, sprinkle, stickle, suckle, tabernacle, tackle, tentacle, jackal, knuckle, local, maniacal, matriarchal, medical, meikle, meteorological, methodical, Mickle, miracle, monocle, motorcycle, muckle, mythical, nautical, nickel, Nickle, Nicol, numerical, obstacle, Oracle, oratorical, particle, patriarchal, photochemical, pickle, pinnacle, polemical, political, pontifical, practical, pumpernickel, quizzical, radical, ramshackle, rankle, rascal, receptacle, reciprocal, recycle, ruckle, runkle, satirical, shackle, shekel, sickle, skeptical, tickle, tinkle, trickle, twinkle, typical, uncle, unequivocal, unicycle, unshackle, vocal, Winkle, wrinkle.
6	-e" n i k u l	ecumenical, galenical.
5	-n i k u l	botanical, conical, cynical, electromechanical, ethnical, technical, ironical, mechanical, nontechnical, preclinical, puritanical, rabbinical, tyrannical.
4	-i k u l	acoustical, alphabetical, analytical, antithetical, apolitical, archaeological, archeological, astrological, astronautical, astronomical, asymmetrical, atypical, autobiographical, bicycle, biographical, biological, biomedical, biotechnological, categorical, cervical, chronological, classical, comical, critical, cubicle, cyclical, cylindrical, dermatological, diabolical, dialectical, ecclesiastical, ecological, economical, egotistical, electrical, electrochemical, elliptical, empirical, encyclical, epidemiological, eschatological, ethical, evangelical, fanatical, geographical, geological, geometrical, geopolitical, graphical, gynecological, helical, heretical, historical, hypercritical, hypocritical, hysterical, icicle, ideological, illogical, immunological, spherical, statistical, stereotypical, strategical, surgical, symmetrical, tactical, technological, teleological, testicle, theatrical, theological, inimical, lackadaisical, lexical, liturgical, logical, logistical, lyrical, magical, mathematical, metallurgical, metaphorical, metaphysical, methodological, metrical, morphological, musical, mystical, mythological, neoclassical, neurological, nonelectrical, nonpolitical, nonsensical, nonsurgical, ontological, optical, ornithological, paradoxical, pathological, pedagogical, periodical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, pharmacological, philosophical, phonological, physical, physiological, popsicle, problematical, prototypical, psychical, psychological, radiological, rhetorical, sabbatical, semiclassical, semicylindrical, semitropical, serological, sociological, theoretical, topical, toxicological, tricycle, tropical, typographical, umbilical, uncritical, uneconomical, unethical, untypical, vehicle, vertical, viatical, virological, whimsical, zoological.
3	-k u l	aeronautical, agrochemical, allegorical, anarchical, anatomical, ankle, anthropological, article, barnacle, biblical, bifocal, biochemical, brickle, buckle, cackle, chemical, Chronicle, chuckle, circle, clavicle, clerical, clinical, commonsensical, coracle, cortical, crackle, cuticle, cycle, debacle, diacritical, domical, ducal, encircle, epochal, equivocal, etymological, farcical, fecal, fickle, fiscal, focal, follicle, freckle, geophysical, gonococcal, grackle, grammatical, granduncle, hackle, heckle, heterocercal, hierarchical, honeysuckle, Huckle, hypothetical, impractical, Sokol, sparkle, speckle, spectacle, sprinkle, stickle, suckle, tabernacle, tackle, tentacle, jackal, knuckle, local, maniacal, matriarchal, medical, meikle, meteorological, methodical, Mickle, miracle, monocle, motorcycle, muckle, mythical, nautical, nickel, Nickle, Nicol, numerical, obstacle, Oracle, oratorical, particle, patriarchal, photochemical, pickle, pinnacle, polemical, political, pontifical, practical, pumpernickel, quizzical, radical, ramshackle, rankle, rascal, receptacle, reciprocal, recycle, ruckle, runkle, satirical, shackle, shekel, sickle, skeptical, tickle, tinkle, trickle, twinkle, typical, uncle, unequivocal, unicycle, unshackle, vocal, Winkle, wrinkle.
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "a-c-d-e-i-i-l-n-t"
	-1 letter: actinide, alcidine, ciliated, ctenidia, indicate.
	-2 letters: ciliate, citadel, deltaic, dialect, edictal, identic, incited, inedita, inlaced.
	-3 letters: acetin, alined, atelic, cadent, candle, canted, cantle, catlin, centai, cental, citied, client, decant, delict, deltic, denial, dental, dentil, detail, detain, dilate, elicit, enatic, entail, incite, indict, indite, inlace, inlaid, italic, lanced, lancet, lectin, lentic, nailed, tailed, talced.
	Words containing the letters "a-c-d-e-i-i-l-n-t"
	+1 letter: acetanilid, incidental, indelicate, indictable, unciliated.
	+2 letters: acetanilide, acetanilids, conciliated, declination, dilatancies, directional, elucidating, elucidation, identically, incidentals, maledicting, malediction, nematicidal, valediction.
	+3 letters: acetanilides, clairaudient, coincidental, confidential, declinations, deglaciation, dialectician, elucidations, incidentally, indelicately, indicatively, insecticidal, maledictions, nonidentical, scintillated, valedictions.
	+4 letters: bidirectional, cardinalities, clandestinity, conditionable, coresidential, credentialing, credentialism, declinational, deglaciations, denticulation, dialecticians, fictionalised, fictionalized, identicalness, ineducability, intoxicatedly, occidentalize, reduplicating, reduplication, technicalized, uncapitalized, undialectical, valedictorian.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

Identical

Definition: Identical

Identical

Adjective

Specialty Definition: Identical particles

Identical twin

Synonyms: Identical

Synonyms within Context: Identical

Identity

Crosswords: Identical

Modern Usage: Identical

Screenplays

Commercial Usage: Identical

Books

Image Slideshow: Identical

Illustrations:Identical

Computer Images:Identical

Photo Album: Identical

Familiar Quotations: Identical

William James

Historic Usage: Identical

Communist Manifesto

Use in Literature: Identical

Scarlet Letter

Hawthorne, Nathaniel

Les Miserables

Hugo, Victor

Non-Fiction Usage: Identical

Lexicography

Devil's Dictionary

Spoken Usage: Identical

Dennis Miller

Speeches: Identical

Harry S. Truman

Jimmy Carter

Usage Frequency: Identical

Expressions: Identical

Frequency of Internet Keywords: Identical

Modern Translation: Identical

Albanian

Arabic

Bulgarian

Chinese

Czech

Danish

Dutch

Esperanto

Faeroese

Finnish

French

Frisian

German

Greek

Hebrew

Hungarian

Indonesian

Italian

Japanese Kanji

Japanese Katakana

Korean

Manx

Norwegian

Papiamen

Pig Latin

Portuguese

Romanian

Russian

Scottish

Serbo-Croatian

Spanish

Sranan

Swedish

Thai

Turkish

Illustrations:
Identical

Computer Images:
Identical