Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Flour |
FlourNoun1. Fine powdery foodstuff obtained by grinding and sifting the meal of a cereal grain. Verb1. Cover with flour, as of fish or meat, in cooking. 2. Convert grain into flour. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "flour" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1380. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Bible | Flour Grain reduced to the form of meal is spoken of in the time of Abraham (Gen. 18:6). As baking was a daily necessity, grain was also ground daily at the mills (Jer. 25:10). The flour mingled with water was kneaded in kneading-troughs, and sometimes leaven (Ex. 12:34) was added and sometimes omitted (Gen. 19:3). The dough was then formed into thin cakes nine or ten inches in diameter and baked in the oven. Fine flour was offered by the poor as a sin-offering (Lev. 5:11-13), and also in connection with other sacrifices (Num. 15:3-12; 28:7-29). Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary. |
Dream Interpretation | To dream of flour, denotes a frugal but happy life. For a young woman to dream that she sees flour on herself, denotes that she will be ruled by her husband, and that her life will be full of pleasant cares. To dream of dealing in flour, denotes hazardous speculations. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
An ingredient used in many foods, flour is a fine powder made from grain or other starchy food sources. It is most commonly made from wheat, but also maize (aka corn), rye, barley and rice, amongst many other grasseses and non-grain plants.
Flour is always based on the presence of starches, which are complex carbohydrates.
Usually, the word "flour" used alone refers to wheat flour, which is one of the most important foods in European and American culture. Wheat flour is the main ingredient in most types of breads and pastries. Wheat is so widely used because of an important property: when wheat flour is mixed with water, a complex protein called gluten develops. The gluten development is what gives wheat dough an elastic structure that allows it to be worked in a variety of ways, and which allows the retention of gas bubbles in an intact structure, resulting in a sponge-like texture to the final product.
Types of Flour
Wheat varieties are typically known as "hard" or "soft", depending on gluten content. Hard wheats are high in gluten, and soft wheats are low. Hard flour, or "bread" flour, is high in gluten and so forms a certain toughness which holds its shape well once baked. Soft flour is low in gluten and so results in a finer texture. Soft flour is usually divided into "cake" flour, which is the lowest in gluten, and "pastry" flour, which has slightly more gluten than cake flour.
In terms of the parts of the grain (the grass seed) used in flour -- the endosperm or starchy part, the germ or protein part, and the bran or fiber part -- there are three general types of flour. "White" flour is made from the endosperm only. "Whole grain" flour is made from the entire grain. A "germ" flour may also be made from the endosperm and germ, excluding the bran.
"Whole-wheat" flour is also referred to as "graham" flour in the USA, and is the basis of true graham crackers. Many of these crackers on the market are actually imitation grahams because they contain no whole-wheat flour.
In America, "white" corn (maize) flour is usually referred to as cornstarch. "Whole-grain" corn flour is usually referred to as corn meal. Corn meal which has been leached with lye is called masa harina and is used to make tortillas and tamales in Mexican cooking.
Flour can also be made from soy beans, arrowroot, potatoes, taro, and other non-grain foodstuffs.
Flour Production
Milling of flour is accomplished by grinding grain between stones or steel wheels. Today, "stone-ground" usually means that the grain has been ground in a water-operated mill, in which a revolving stone wheel turns over a stationary stone wheel, with the grain in between. Many small appliance mills are now available, both hand-cranked and electric.
Flour dust suspended in air is explosive, as is any mixture of a finely powdered flammable substance with air. Some of the worse civilan fatalities from explosions have been at flour mills.
History
In history, both large and hand mills were operated. Until modern times, flour contained minute amounts of fine sand, either the result of poor sifting of the grain or of grinding stones together. This sand strongly abraded teeth.
One of the most ancient methods of grinding corn was by using a hollowed-out rock (a quern), and the grain was placed in the hollow and pounded with another rock. This configuration was called a metate.
One of the great revolutions in human history came with the mechanical grinding of grains into flour, accomplished by the flour mill. The early mills were operated by animal power or water power.
Flour Products
Bread, pasta, many cakes, amongst many other foods, are made using flour.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Flour."
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Pulverulence | Powder, dust, sand, shingle; sawdust; grit; meal, bran, flour, farina, rice, paddy, spore, sporule; crumb, seed, grain; particle. (smallness); limature, filings, debris, detritus, tailings, talus slope, scobs, magistery, fine powder; flocculi. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | It's like a pancake, except the natives didn't have any flour so they used sawdust (Sabrina the Animated Series; writing credit: Josh Stolberg) Mandrake, do you realize that in addition to fluoridating water, why, there are studies underway to fluoridate salt, flour, fruit juices, soup, sugar, milk ice cream (Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb; writing credit: Peter George; Stanley Kubrick) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Hearts and Flour (1921) Twixt Love and Flour (1914) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
References |
|
Books | |
Consumer Goods | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | (1) color slide shows two single uncooked flour tortillas. Credit: Renee Comet (photographer). |  | Boxes of Colman flour preserved since 1911 at Scott shelter at Cape Evans. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |
 | Beginning in January 1998, the B vitamin folic acid will be added to enriched bread, flour, cornmeal, rice, pasta, and other products, according to a 1996 U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulation. P. Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Scott Bauer.. |  | The hearty flavor of corn flour products like tortillas and taco shells is largely the work of a natural compound identified by ARS scientists. They have pinpointed 2-amino-acetophenone as key to flavor and aroma of yellow corn tortilla flour. P. Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Scott Bauer.. |
 | Receiving provisions via highline from USS Mercury (AK-42) on 27 April 1945, while operating off Okinawa. Essex crewmen in the foreground are stacking bags of flour. Note man on Mercury's forward hatch, directing the hoisting of another load from her hold. Credit: NAVY. |  | Flour mills and train on Great Northern Viaduct, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Richmond, Va. Haxall & Crenshaw's Flour Mill; Canal lock in foreground. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Riverview flour mills, New Ulm, Minn. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Washburn-Crosby Co.'s flour mills, Buffalo, N.Y. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Ruins of the water wheel in Gallego Flour Mills, Richmond, Va. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |
| "Baltic Art Gallery" by Simon Cataudo Commentary: "A renovated old flour mill which is now an art gallery on the Quayside (riverside) in Newcastle upon Tyne." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Author | Quotation |
Henri Frederic Amiel | Analysis kills spontaneity. The grain once ground into flour springs and germinates no more. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Marbury v. Madison | 1803 | Suppose a duty on the export of cotton, of tobacco, or of flour; and a suit instituted to recover it. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | A drop of vinegar in a spoonful of flour supplied the (r)fiat lux . Suppose the drop greater and the spoonful larger, and you have the world |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | She shook flour into the deep grease to make gravy, and her hand was white with flour |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | For example, instead of wheat flour, people can use potato, rice, soy, or bean flour. (references) | |
A wheat-free diet may also bring relief since the gluten in flour sometimes causes diarrhea. (references) | ||
Some investigators suspect an environmental cause, perhaps the use of flour from the highly toxic seed of the cycad plant. (references) | ||
Business | The market grew by 10 percent in 1998, largely due to the disposal of animal carcass flour, metallic hydroxide sludge and foundry sludge. (references) | |
Most non-treated hazardous waste comes in the form of animal carcass flour, which has superceded pre-treated hazardous waste used for fuel blending. (references) | ||
The food and beverage industries produce beer, juices and concentrates, bottled beverages, pastas, bread and cookies, sauces, cornmeal, flour, and internationally known wines. (references) | ||
Economic History | Sri Lanka | Import of Wheat flour is also liberalized. (references) |
Israel | Israel has a growing demand for wheat and flour. (references) | |
Peru | Most wheat is processed into flour for bread and pasta. (references) | |
Political Economy | CHILE | A significant non-tariff barrier is the import price-band system for wheat, wheat flour, and sugar. (references) |
CHILE | Domestic flour millers and beverage manufacturers continue to complain bitterly about the high duties on wheat and sugar. (references) | |
COLOMBIA | Some of these products, which include important U.S. exports to Colombia, are wheat, malt barley, corn, rice, sorghum, and wheat flour. (references) | |
Trade | Uzbekistan | The export of subsidized products, such as flour and sugar, is prohibited. (references) |
Saudi Arabia | Cigarettes, wheat, flour, dates, and long-life milk imports have a 100% tariff. (references) | |
Guyana | There are restrictions on importing firearms, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, wheat, and flour. (references) | |
Travel | Kenya | Periodic shortages of milk, sugar, flour, etc. (references) |
Qatar | Dredging operations to establish an adjacent port facility for Qatar Flour Mill Company to handle wheat imports to Qatar have been completed. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Robert Atkins | Well, basically, it's about refined carbohydrates. That's sugar and flour, those are the refined carbohydrates. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | I have great satisfaction in communicating the success which has attended the exertions of our minister in Colombia to procure a very considerable reduction in the duties on our flour in that Republic. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Flour" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.14% of the time. "Flour" is used about 1,045 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.14% | 1,036 | 7,172 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.86% | 9 | 117,287 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,045 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Greece | Flour Mills C. Sarantopoulos | Japan | Fuji Flour Milling Co., Ltd. |
| Malaysia | Kuantan Flour Mills Berhad | Singapore | Khong Guan Flour Milling Limited |
| South Korea | Dae Han Flour Mills Co., Ltd. | Thailand | United Flour Mill Public Company Limited |
| USA | Flour City International, Inc. | ||
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "flour": bin containing flour ♦ blended flour ♦ browned flour ♦ corn flour ♦ culinary flour ♦ fine flour ♦ fish flour ♦ flour beetle ♦ flour bin ♦ Flour bolt ♦ Flour box ♦ flour corn ♦ Flour dredge ♦ Flour dredger ♦ Flour dresser ♦ flour like ♦ flour mill ♦ flour weevil ♦ graham flour ♦ maize flour ♦ maslin flour ♦ mediterranean flour moth ♦ meslin flour ♦ pastry flour ♦ patent flour ♦ pea flour ♦ plain flour ♦ potato flour ♦ rice flour ♦ rock flour ♦ roll in flour ♦ rye flour ♦ sifted flour ♦ soy flour ♦ soya flour ♦ soybean flour ♦ starch flour ♦ straight flour ♦ tapioca flour ♦ wheat flour ♦ whole meal flour ♦ whole wheat flour ♦ wood flour. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "flour": flour-based, flour-bomb, flour-dust, flour-dusting, flour-like, flour-manufacturing, flour-mill, flour-miller, flour-milling, flour-sacks, flour-thickened, flour-white, flour-yeast. | |
Ending with "flour": corn-flour, ground-to-flour, oat-flour, wood-flour. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
flour | 180 | gluten flour | 25 |
king arthur flour | 173 | flour recipe rice | 23 |
soy flour | 140 | flour recipe tortillas | 23 |
almond flour | 120 | almond flour recipe | 23 |
diet flour no no sugar | 95 | tortilla flour | 22 |
daniel flour | 89 | potato flour | 20 |
flour recipe tortilla | 75 | whole wheat flour | 20 |
flour mill | 68 | bluff flour isd | 19 |
gold medal flour | 62 | flour bug | 19 |
soy flour recipe | 61 | semolina flour | 18 |
cake flour | 51 | flour make tortillas | 18 |
flour tortillas | 51 | oat flour | 18 |
spelt flour | 45 | flour gluten high | 18 |
self rising flour | 45 | flour sack towel | 18 |
rice flour | 45 | bread flour recipe soy | 15 |
robin hood flour | 41 | flour gold medal recipe | 15 |
low carb flour | 34 | five flour rose | 15 |
wheat flour | 32 | white lily flour | 15 |
corn flour | 30 | flour recipe wheat whole | 15 |
bread flour | 28 | pastry flour | 15 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "flour"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | aartappelmeel (potato, potato flour). (various references) | |
Albanian | pudros (pounce, powder), pluhur (dried, dust, grit, powder), ngjyej në miell, miell (grist), bluaj (Bray, crush, digest, grind, mill, turn over). (various references) | |
Arabic | طحين (grist), طحن (crush, grin, grind, grinding, grist, mill, powder, pulverize), ذرور, دقيق (accurate, careful, close, delicate, elaborate, exact, express, farina, fine, inappreciable, infinitesimal, intangible, just, keen, mathematical, meal, nearness, nice, painstaking, particular, pernickety, precise, punctilious, punctual, rigorous, scrupulous, searching, sharp, sound, specific, straightforward, strict, ticklish, tiny, touchy, tricky, true, veracious). (various references) | |
Asturian | fariña. (various references) | |
Aymara | jak'u. (various references) | |
Basque | irin (meal). (various references) | |
Bemba | ubunga. (various references) | |
Blackfoot | ó'kapayin. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | брашно (meal), брашнен (farinaceous, farinose, floury, mealy), посипвам с брашно. (various references) | |
Cebuano | harina. (various references) | |
Chamorro | arina. (various references) | |
Chinese | 麵粉 , 麵 (noodles), 面粉, 面 (aspect, face, fade, noodles, side, surface, top), 白麵 (wheat flour). (various references) | |
Cornish | blés. (various references) | |
Czech | mouka (meal). (various references) | |
Danish | mel (meal). (various references) | |
Dutch | meel (meal), bloem (bloom, flower, meal). (various references) | |
Ecuadorian Quechua | jacu. (various references) | |
Esperanto | faruno (meal), bakfaruno. (various references) | |
Faeroese | mjøl (meal). (various references) | |
Farsi | پودرشدن , پودر (Powder), گرد (Compass, Globular, Hero, Powder), اردکردن (Pound), ارد. (various references) | |
Finnish | jauhottaa, jauhot (meal), jauho (meal). (various references) | |
French | farine. (various references) | |
Frisian | moal (meal). (various references) | |
German | Mehl (farina, meal, powder). (various references) | |
Greek | αλεύρι. (various references) | |
Hebrew | קמח (meal). (various references) | |
Hungarian | liszt (Farina, meal, whole wheat). (various references) | |
Icelandic | mjöl (meal). (various references) | |
Indonesian | terigu (wheat), tepung (meal). (various references) | |
Inuktitut | palaugaaq. (various references) | |
Irish | plúr (meal). (various references) | |
Italian | farina (Farina, meal, plain flour), fiore della farina (meal). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 粉 (meal, powder). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | メリケンこ, うどんこ, こな (meal, powder). (various references) | |
Kongo | mfumfu. (various references) | |
Korean | 가루 (Powdery). (various references) | |
Macedonian | brasno. (various references) | |
Manx | spreih flooyr er, flooyr. (various references) | |
Mohawk | othèsera. (various references) | |
Norwegian | mel (meal). (various references) | |
Occitan | farina (meal). (various references) | |
Papago | chu'i (pollen). (various references) | |
Papiamen | hariña (meal), ariña (meal). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ourflay.(various references) | |
Polish | mąka (meal). (various references) | |
Portuguese | farinha (farina, meal). (various references) | |
Provencal | farina. (various references) | |
Romanian | fåinå (meal), fãinã (meal), presãra cu fãina, praf de piatrã, mãcina (Bray, bruise, crush, eat, fester, grain, grind, mill). (various references) | |
Romansch | farina. (various references) | |
Romany | arò. (various references) | |
Ruanda | ifu. (various references) | |
Russian | мука (anguish, excruciation, martyrdom, meal, throe, torment). (various references) | |
Samoan | falaoamata. (various references) | |
Scottish | flùr, plùr. (various references) | |
Sepedi | bupi. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | samleti (grind, mill), posipati brašnom, brašno (farina). (various references) | |
Shona | upfu. (various references) | |
Spanish | harina (breadstuff, Farina, meal). (various references) | |
Sranan | grin (meal), bron (burn, meal). (various references) | |
Swahili | unga (meal). (various references) | |
Swazi | fuláha. (various references) | |
Swedish | mjöl (Farina, meal, powder), vetemjöl. (various references) | |
Turkish | unlamak, un serpmek, un haline getirmek, un, öğütmek (crush, grain, granulate, grind, mill, triturate). (various references) | |
Turkmen | un, harman. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | пшенічне борошно, посипати борошном, порошок (powder, trituration). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | bột mì, bột (powder, starch). (various references) | |
Welsh | paill (pollen), can (white), blawd (meal). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Sumerian | 3100 BCE-2500 BCE | zid. (various references) |
| Akkadian | 3000 BCE-Modern | qemu. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | farina, farinae, farinam. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | 1 Kings Chapter 4, Verse 22 |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Erat autem cibus Salomonis per dies singulos triginta chori similae et sexaginta chori farinae |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Forsothe the meet of Salomon was bi eche day, thretti choris of tried floure, and sexti choris of meele, |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And Solomon's provision for one day was thirty measures of fine flour, and threescore measures of meal, |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And Solomon's provision for one day was thirty measures of fine flour, and sixty measures of meal. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And the amount of Solomon's food for one day was thirty measures of crushed grain and sixty measures of meal; |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | 1 Kings Chapter 4, Verse 22 |
| Cebuano | Ug ang kang Salomon nga inandam nga makaon alang sa usa ka adlaw katloan ka takus nga harina nga fino, ug kan-uman ka takus nga linigis nga kalan-on, |
| Danish | Salomos daglige Bebov af Levnedsmidler var tredive Kor fint Hvedemel og tresindstyve Kor almindeligt Mel, |
| Dutch | De spijze nu van Salomo was voor een dag, dertig kor meelbloem, en zestig kor meel; |
| Finnish | Ja Salomon jokapäiväinen muona oli: kolmekymmentä koor-mittaa lestyjä jauhoja ja kuusikymmentä koor-mittaa muita jauhoja, |
| French | Chaque jour Salomon consommait en vivres: trente cors de fleur de farine et soixante cors de farine, |
| German | Und Salomo mußte täglich zur Speisung haben dreißig Kor Semmelmehl, sechzig Kor anderes Mehl, |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Bermula, maka adalah biaya Sulaiman pada sehari tiga puluh pikul tepung halus dan enam puluh pikul tepung, |
| Korean | 솔 로 몬 의 일 일 분 식 물 은 가 는 밀 가 루 가 삼 십 석 이 요, 굵 은 밀 가 루 가 육 십 석 이 요, |
| Maori | Na, ko te kai a Horomona o te ra kotahi, e toru tekau mehua paraoa pai, e ono tekau mehua paraoa ke; |
| Norwegian | Av fødevarer gikk det hos Salomo for hver dag med tretti kor fint mel og seksti kor vanlig mel, |
| Portuguese | O provimento diário de Salomão era de trinta coros de flor de farinha, e sessenta coros e farinha; |
| Rumanian | Kn fiecare zi Solomon mknca: treizeci de cori de floare de fqinq, wi wasezeci de cori de altq fqinq, |
| Russian | рТПДПЧПМШУФЧЙЕ уПМПНПОБ ОБ ЛБЦДЩК ДЕОШ УПУФБЧМСМЙ: ФТЙДГБФШ ЛПТПЧ НХЛЙ РЫЕОЙЮОПК Й ЫЕУФШДЕУСФ ЛПТПЧ РТПЮЕК НХЛЙ, |
| Swedish | Och vad Salomo för var dag behövde av livsmedel var: trettio korer fint mjöl och sextio korer vanligt mjöl, |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "flour": floured, flouring, flourish, flourished, flourisher, flourishers, flourishes, flourishing, flourishingly, flourless, flours, floury. (additional references) | |
| |
"Flour" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: blour, ffour, Fillou, fiour, flauer, flaur, flior, floar, flohr, flooar, flor, flore, Florek, florum, flou, floud, floue, floun, floure, flous, flowr, fluer, fluo, fluor, flur, folor, fouir, founr, foure, fourn, fourq, Fwoar, plour. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "flour" (pronounced flou"er or flou"r) |
| 4 | f l ou" er | flower. |
| 3 | -l ou" er | glower. |
| 3 | -l ou" r | lour. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: fluor. | |
| Words within the letters "f-l-o-r-u" | |
-1 letter: foul, four, furl, lour, rolf. | |
-2 letters: flu, for, fou, fro, fur, our. | |
-3 letters: lo, of, or. | |
| Words containing the letters "f-l-o-r-u" | |
+1 letter: flours, floury, fluors, fouler. | |
+2 letters: flavour, floruit, floured, flouter, fluoric, fluorid, fluorin, forkful, formful, formula, foulard, furlong, odorful, ourself, roomful. | |
+3 letters: befouler, bullfrog, colorful, flavours, flavoury, floruits, flounder, flouring, flourish, flouters, fluorene, fluoride, fluorids, fluorine, fluorins, fluorite, forceful, forkfuls, forksful, formulae, formulas, foulards, fourfold, fourplex, fourthly, fumarole, furbelow, furlongs, furlough, humorful, mournful, odourful, overfoul, overfull, powerful, proudful, roomfuls, scornful, scrofula, sportful, subfloor, unfolder, worthful, wrongful, w | |
