Webster's Online Dictionary
with Multilingual Thesaurus Translation

 
Earth's largest dictionary with more than 1226 modern languages and Eve!

Definition: Hacker

Part of Speech Definition
Noun 1. Someone who plays golf poorly.[Wordnet]
2. A programmer who breaks into computer systems in order to steal or change or destroy information as a form of cyber-terrorism.[Wordnet]
3. A programmer for whom computing is its own reward; may enjoy the challenge of breaking into other computers but does no harm; "true hackers subscribe to a code of ethics and look down upon crackers".[Wordnet]
4. One who works hard at boring tasks.[Wordnet]
5. One who, or that which, hacks. Specifically: A cutting instrument for making notches; esp., one used for notching pine trees in collecting turpentine; a hack.[Websters].

Sources: WordNet 3.0 Copyright © 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

 Top

"Hacker" is a common misspelling or typo for: hacked, backer, hackers, Thacker, whacker, hackery, shacker, hackler.

Date "Hacker" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1642. (references)

Specialty Definition: Hacker

Domain Definition
Computing Hacker n. [originally, someone who makes furniture with an axe] 1. A person who enjoys exploring the details of programmable systems and how to stretch their capabilities, as opposed to most users, who prefer to learn only the minimum necessary. 2. One who programs enthusiastically (even obsessively) or who enjoys programming rather than just theorizing about programming. 3. A person capable of appreciating hack value. 4. A person who is good at programming quickly. 5. An expert at a particular program, or one who frequently does work using it or on it; as in `a Unix hacker'. (Definitions 1 through 5 are correlated, and people who fit them congregate.) 6. An expert or enthusiast of any kind. One might be an astronomy hacker, for example. 7. One who enjoys the intellectual challenge of creatively overcoming or circumventing limitations. 8. [deprecated] A malicious meddler who tries to discover sensitive information by poking around. Hence `password hacker', `network hacker'. The correct term for this sense is cracker. The term `hacker' also tends to connote membership in the global community defined by the net (see the network and Internet address). For discussion of some of the basics of this culture, see the How To Become A Hacker (http://www.tuxedo.org/~esr/faqs/hacker-howto.html) FAQ. It also implies that the person described is seen to subscribe to some version of the hacker ethic (see hacker ethic). It is better to be described as a hacker by others than to describe oneself that way. Hackers consider themselves something of an elite (a meritocracy based on ability), though one to which new members are gladly welcome. There is thus a certain ego satisfaction to be had in identifying yourself as a hacker (but if you claim to be one and are not, you'll quickly be labeled bogus). See also geek, wannabee. This term seems to have been first adopted as a badge in the 1960s by the hacker culture surrounding TMRC and the MIT AI Lab. We have a report that it was used in a sense close to this entry's by teenage radio hams and electronics tinkerers in the mid-1950s. Source: Jargon File.
Computing A computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system. Source: European Union. (references)
Military Describes a person who is an expert at solving problems with computers. Often confused with cracker, the name given to a person who illegally attempts to access computer systems or has destructive intentions. (references)
Occupations Lifts green-clay products, such as brick, roofing tile, or quarry floor tile, from press-conveyor belt, and stacks them in specified pattern on kiln car, drier rack, or pallet. May press button to control movement of conveyor belt. (references)
Slang Noun. Source: Linguistic 101 students at the University of Oregon. Definition: Somebody who is really not good at playing the game of golf. They are trying, but just stink at it. Context: Usually said by somebody who is not terrible at playing the game, and is commenting on somebody who is. Social Source: Golfers. Source: Compiled by The University of Oregon. (additional references)
Technology 1: A slang term for a person with extensive knowledge of computers and computing, who uses his skills to access supposedly secure computer systems for the intellectual challenge such activities provide. The best hackers take pride in leaving no "tracks" to reveal their presence. Compare with cracker. See also: security. (references)
  2: See Phreaker. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top

Common Expressions: Hacker

Expressions Definition
Benjamin Thurman Hacker Rear Admiral Benjamin Thurman Hacker (1935-2003) was a U.S. Navy officer, who became the first Naval Flight Officer (NFO) to achieve Flag rank. (references)
Certified Ethical Hacker The CEH Program certifies individuals in the specific network security discipline of Ethical Hacking from a vendor-neutral perspective. The Certified Ethical Hacker certification will fortify the application knowledge of security officers, auditors, security professionals, site administrators, and anyone who is concerned about the integrity of the network infrastructure. A Certified Ethical Hacker is a skilled professional who understands and knows how to look for the weaknesses and vulnerabilities in target systems and uses the same knowledge and tools as a malicious hacker. (references)
Ephraim A. Hacker Ephraim Allen Hacker (1892 - 1943) was an archaeologist most noted for his research concerning the lost colony of Roanoke Island. He was born in Denver, Colorado, the son of Professor Herbert Hacker, the acclaimed historian, and Professor Miriam Hacker (born Miriam Lovowicz), an avowed alchemist. Ephraim Hacker received his BS in Archaeology from the esteemed University of Chicago, then went on earn a PhD in Anthropology from Princeton University. He excavated several Native American burial grounds along the Virginia coast, which led to his interest in Roanoke Island and his subsequent research into the disappearance of the original colony. (references)
George Hacker Lawyer George A. Hacker has headed the temperance-oriented Alcohol Policies Project of the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) for three decades. He is Co-Chair of the Coalition for the Prevention of Alcohol Problems, whose members include the American Council on Alcohol Problems (the current name of the Anti-Saloon League) and many other alcohol activist groups. (references)
Great Hacker War The Great Hacker War was a 1990-1992 conflict between the Masters of Deception (MOD) and a faction of the older guard hacker group Legion of Doom (LOD), where each side attempted to hack the other's computers. It took place across the Internet, X.25, and telephone networks across the world. (references)
Hacker (computer security) In computer security, hacker refers to a type of computer hacker who exploits systems or gain unauthorized access through skills, tactics and detailed knowledge. (references)
Hacker (folklore) The Hackers (Swedish Hackare) were a race of short people who used to live in Scandinavia, according to Swedish folklore. (references)
Hacker (game) Hacker is a card game (not a Trading card game) made by Steve Jackson Games. Published in 1992, the players impersonates hackers fighting for the control of computer networks. It is based primarily on interlocking access to different computer systems in the web. Players are not set directly towards each other, and several players can share access to a system. It is similar (modulo terminology) to Illuminati. (references)
Hacker con Hacker con is a term that describes a hacker convention. Hacker cons among other services serve as meeting places for phreakers and hackers. (references)
Hacker definition controversy The terms hacker and hacking have controversial definitions. (references)
Hacker Emblem The Hacker Emblem was first proposed in October 2003 by Eric S. Raymond, claiming a need for a uniting and recognizable symbol for his perception of 'hacker culture'. The image represents a glider formation in Conway's Game of Life. More information on the Hacker Emblem proposal, including SVG and TeX source can be found at the external link below. (references)
Hacker Key The Hacker Key Guide was created using the Geek Code as a basis. It aims to encode a larger amount of information into a smaller (ideally 1 80 column line) of text with the tradeoff of being less readable, and focuses more on the computer hacker traits of geekdom. (references)
Hacker koan Hacker culture and especially the artificial intelligence community at MIT has invented a number of humorous "koans" about computer science; most of these are recorded in an appendix to the Jargon File, where they are called AI Koans. Most do not fit the normal definition of koan. (references)
Hacker Manifesto The Conscience of a Hacker (a.k.a. The Hacker Manifesto) is a small essay written January 8 1986 by a hacker who went by the handle, (or pseudonym), of The Mentor (born Loyd Blankenship). It was written after the author's arrest, and first published in the underground hacker e-zine Phrack in Volume One, Issue 7, Phile 3 of 10. Today it can be found on countless websites. (references)
Hacker Snack Hacker Snack is a fictional Atari game which Step Fletcher, a character from Orson Scott Card's book, Lost Boys, had his claim to fame before working with the company 8-Bits Inc. (references)
Hardware hacker Hardware hacking is the process of building, rebuilding, modding or DIY creating of electronic hardware to either make it better; such as make it faster, give added features or to make it do something it was never intended to do. (references)
James Hacker The Right Honourable James (Jim) Hacker, Baron Hacker of Islington KG Hon D.Phil (June 18, 1927 - November 4, 1995) is a fictional character. He is the Minister, and later the Prime Minister, in the 1980s British sitcom Yes, Minister and its sequel Yes, Prime Minister. He was portrayed by Paul Eddington. (references)
Sally Hacker Sally L. Hacker, feminist Sociologist. (references)
The Hacker The Hacker is a French electroclash and techno producer who has worked extensively with Miss Kittin. (references)
Timeline of hacker history This is a timeline of hacker history. Hacking and cracking appeared with the first electronic computers. Below are some important events in the history of hacking and cracking. (references)
White-hat hacker A White-hat hacker is a hacker who looks over websites for errors and exploits, and tells the site administrators how to fix them, in order to protect the site from a malicious hacker. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top

Specialty Expressions: Hacker

Expressions Domain Definition
A Portrait of J. Random Hacker Computing A Portrait of J. Random Hacker This profile reflects detailed comments on an earlier `trial balloon' version from about a hundred Usenet respondents. Where comparatives are used, the implicit `other' is a randomly selected segment of the non-hacker population of the same size as hackerdom. An important point: Except in some relatively minor respects such as slang vocabulary, hackers don't get to be the way they are by imitating each other. Rather, it seems to be the case that the combination of personality traits that makes a hacker so conditions one's outlook on life that one tends to end up being like other hackers whether one wants to or not (much as bizarrely detailed similarities in behavior and preferences are found in genetic twins raised separately). Source: Jargon File..
Block hacker Occupations Cuts bark spots, knots, and diseased and decayed portions from logs or wood blocks, using spudder, ax, hatchet, or portable power saw, to prepare wood for further processing. Turns logs and blocks with peavey to expose underside. May straighten logs on conveyor, using pike pole. May load cleaned blocks on conveyors. (references)
Dark-side hacker Computing Dark-side hacker A criminal or malicious hacker; a cracker. From George Lucas's Darth Vader, "seduced by the dark side of the Force". The implication that hackers form a sort of elite of technological Jedi Knights is intended. Opposite: samurai. [Jargon File] (1997-04-28). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing..
Dark-side hacker Computing Dark-side hacker n. A criminal or malicious hacker; a cracker. From George Lucas's Darth Vader, "seduced by the dark side of the Force". The implication that hackers form a sort of elite of technological Jedi Knights is intended. Oppose samurai. Source: Jargon File..
Hacker ethic Computing Hacker ethic 1. The belief that information-sharing is a powerful positive good, and that it is an ethical duty of hackers to share their expertise by writing free software and facilitating access to information and to computing resources wherever possible. 2. The belief that system-cracking for fun and exploration is ethically OK as long as the cracker commits no theft, vandalism, or breach of confidentiality. Both of these normative ethical principles are widely, but by no means universally, accepted among hackers. Most hackers subscribe to the hacker ethic in sense 1, and many act on it by writing and giving away free software. A few go further and assert that *all* information should be free and *any* proprietary control of it is bad; this is the philosophy behind the GNU project. Sense 2 is more controversial: some people consider the act of cracking itself to be unethical, like breaking and entering. But the belief that "ethical" cracking excludes destruction at least moderates the behavior of people who see themselves as "benign" crackers (see also samurai). On this view, it may be one of the highest forms of hackerly courtesy to (a) break into a system, and then (b) explain to the sysop, preferably by e-mail from a superuser account, exactly how it was done and how the hole can be plugged - acting as an unpaid (and unsolicited) tiger team. The most reliable manifestation of either version of the hacker ethic is that almost all hackers are actively willing to share technical tricks, software, and (where possible) computing resources with other hackers. Huge cooperative networks such as Usenet, FidoNet and Internet (see Internet address) can function without central control because of this trait; they both rely on and reinforce a sense of community that may be hackerdom's most valuable intangible asset. (1995-12-18). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing..
Hacker ethic Computing Hacker ethic n. 1. The belief that information-sharing is a powerful positive good, and that it is an ethical duty of hackers to share their expertise by writing open-source code and facilitating access to information and to computing resources wherever possible. 2. The belief that system-cracking for fun and exploration is ethically OK as long as the cracker commits no theft, vandalism, or breach of confidentiality. Both of these normative ethical principles are widely, but by no means universally, accepted among hackers. Most hackers subscribe to the hacker ethic in sense 1, and many act on it by writing and giving away open-source software. A few go further and assert that _all_ information should be free and _any_ proprietary control of it is bad; this is the philosophy behind the GNU project. Sense 2 is more controversial: some people consider the act of cracking itself to be unethical, like breaking and entering. But the belief that `ethical' cracking excludes destruction at least moderates the behavior of people who see themselves as `benign' crackers (see also samurai, gray hat). On this view, it may be one of the highest forms of hackerly courtesy to (a) break into a system, and then (b) explain to the sysop, preferably by email from a superuser account, exactly how it was done and how the hole can be plugged -- acting as an unpaid (and unsolicited) tiger team. The most reliable manifestation of either version of the hacker ethic is that almost all hackers are actively willing to share technical tricks, software, and (where possible) computing resources with other hackers. Huge cooperative networks such as Usenet, FidoNet and the Internet itself can function without central control because of this trait; they both rely on and reinforce a sense of community that may be hackerdom's most valuable intangible asset. Source: Jargon File..
Hacker Folklore Computing Hacker Folklore This appendix contains several legends and fables that illuminate the meaning of various entries in the lexicon. Source: Jargon File..
Hacker humor Computing Hacker humor A distinctive style of shared intellectual humor found among hackers, having the following marked characteristics: 1. Fascination with form-vs.-content jokes, paradoxes, and humor having to do with confusion of metalevels (see meta). One way to make a hacker laugh: hold a red index card in front of him/her with "GREEN" written on it, or vice-versa (note, however, that this is funny only the first time). 2. Elaborate deadpan parodies of large intellectual constructs, such as specifications (see write-only memory), standards documents, language descriptions (see INTERCAL), and even entire scientific theories (see quantum bogodynamics, computron). 3. Jokes that involve screwily precise reasoning from bizarre, ludicrous, or just grossly counter-intuitive premises. 4. Fascination with puns and wordplay. 5. A fondness for apparently mindless humor with subversive currents of intelligence in it - for example, old Warner Brothers and Rocky & Bullwinkle cartoons, the Marx brothers, the early B-52s, and Monty Python's Flying Circus.humor that combines this trait with elements of high camp and slapstick is especially favored. 6. References to the symbol-object antinomies and associated ideas in Zen Buddhism and (less often) Taoism. See has the X nature, Discordianism, zen, ha ha only serious, AI koan. See also filk and retrocomputing. If you have an itchy feeling that all 6 of these traits are really aspects of one thing that is incredibly difficult to talk about exactly, you are (a) correct and (b) responding like a hacker. These traits are also recognizable (though in a less marked form) throughout science-fiction fandom. (1995-12-18). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing..
Hacker Speech Style Computing Hacker Speech Style Hackish speech generally features extremely precise diction, careful word choice, a relatively large working vocabulary, and relatively little use of contractions or street slang. Dry humor, irony, puns, and a mildly flippant attitude are highly valued -- but an underlying seriousness and intelligence are essential. One should use just enough jargon to communicate precisely and identify oneself as a member of the culture; overuse of jargon or a breathless, excessively gung-ho attitude is considered tacky and the mark of a loser. This speech style is a variety of the precisionist English normally spoken by scientists, design engineers, and academics in technical fields. In contrast with the methods of jargon construction, it is fairly constant throughout hackerdom. It has been observed that many hackers are confused by negative questions -- or, at least, that the people to whom they are talking are often confused by the sense of their answers. The problem is that they have done so much programming that distinguishes between if (going)...and if (!going)...that when they parse the question "Aren't you going?" it may seem to be asking the opposite question from "Are you going?", and so to merit an answer in the opposite sense. This confuses English-speaking non-hackers because they were taught to answer as though the negative part weren't there. In some other languages (including Russian, Chinese, and Japanese) the hackish interpretation is standard and the problem wouldn't arise. Hackers often find themselves wishing for a word like French `si', German `doch', or Dutch `jawel' - a word with which one could unambiguously answer `yes' to a negative question. (See also mu) For similar reasons, English-speaking hackers almost never use double negatives, even if they live in a region where colloquial usage allows them. The thought of uttering something that logically ought to be an affirmative knowing it will be misparsed as a negative tends to disturb them. In a related vein, hackers sometimes make a game of answering questions containing logical connectives with a strictly literal rather than colloquial interpretation. A non-hacker who is indelicate enough to ask a question like "So, are you working on finding that bug _now_ or leaving it until later?" is likely to get the perfectly correct answer "Yes!" (that is, "Yes, I'm doing it either now or later, and you didn't ask which!"). Source: Jargon File..
Hacker Writing Style Computing Hacker Writing Style We've already seen that hackers often coin jargon by overgeneralizing grammatical rules. This is one aspect of a more general fondness for form-versus-content language jokes that shows up particularly in hackish writing. One correspondent reports that he consistently misspells `wrong' as `worng'. Others have been known to criticize glitches in Jargon File drafts by observing (in the mode of Douglas Hofstadter) "This sentence no verb", or "Too repetetetive", or "Bad speling", or "Incorrectspa cing." Similarly, intentional spoonerisms are often made of phrases relating to confusion or things that are confusing; `dain bramage' for `brain damage' is perhaps the most common (similarly, a hacker would be likely to write "Excuse me, I'm cixelsyd today", rather than "I'm dyslexic today"). This sort of thing is quite common and is enjoyed by all concerned. Hackers tend to use quotes as balanced delimiters like parentheses, much to the dismay of American editors. Thus, if "Jim is going" is a phrase, and so are "Bill runs" and "Spock groks", then hackers generally prefer to write: "Jim is going", "Bill runs", and "Spock groks". This is incorrect according to standard American usage (which would put the continuation commas and the final period inside the string quotes); however, it is counter-intuitive to hackers to mutilate literal strings with characters that don't belong in them. Given the sorts of examples that can come up in discussions of programming, American-style quoting can even be grossly misleading. When communicating command lines or small pieces of code, extra characters can be a real pain in the neck. Consider, for example, a sentence in a vi tutorial that looks like this: Then delete a line from the file by typing "dd". Standard usage would make this Then delete a line from the file by typing "dd." but that would be very bad -- because the reader would be prone to type the string d-d-dot, and it happens that in `vi(1)' dot repeats the last command accepted. The net result would be to delete _two_ lines! The Jargon File follows hackish usage throughout. Interestingly, a similar style is now preferred practice in Great Britain, though the older style (which became established for typographical reasons having to do with the aesthetics of comma and quotes in typeset text) is still accepted there. "Hart's Rules" and the "Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors" call the hacker-like style `new' or `logical' quoting. This returns British English to the style many other languages (including Spanish, French, Italian, Catalan, and German) have been using all along. Another hacker habit is a tendency to distinguish between `scare' quotes and `speech' quotes; that is, to use British-style single quotes for marking and reserve American-style double quotes for actual reports of speech or text included from elsewhere. Interestingly, some authorities describe this as correct general usage, but mainstream American English has gone to using double-quotes indiscriminately enough that hacker usage appears marked [and, in fact, I thought this was a personal quirk of mine until I checked with Usenet --ESR]. One further permutation that is definitely _not_ standard is a hackish tendency to do marking quotes by using apostrophes (single quotes) in pairs; that is, 'like this'. This is modelled on string and character literal syntax in some programming languages (reinforced by the fact that many character-only terminals display the apostrophe in typewriter style, as a vertical single quote). One quirk that shows up frequently in the email style of Unix hackers in particular is a tendency for some things that are normally all-lowercase (including usernames and the names of commands and C routines) to remain uncapitalized even when they occur at the beginning of sentences. It is clear that, for many hackers, the case of such identifiers becomes a part of their internal representation (the `spelling') and cannot be overridden without mental effort (an appropriate reflex because Unix and C both distinguish cases and confusing them can lead to lossage). A way of escaping this dilemma is simply to avoid using these constructions at the beginning of sentences. There seems to be a meta-rule behind these nonstandard hackerisms to the effect that precision of expression is more important than conformance to traditional rules; where the latter create ambiguity or lose information they can be discarded without a second thought. It is notable in this respect that other hackish inventions (for example, in vocabulary) also tend to carry very precise shades of meaning even when constructed to appear slangy and loose. In fact, to a hacker, the contrast between `loose' form and `tight' content in jargon is a substantial part of its humor! Hackers have also developed a number of punctuation and emphasis conventions adapted to single-font all-ASCII communications links, and these are occasionally carried over into written documents even when normal means of font changes, underlining, and the like are available. One of these is that TEXT IN ALL CAPS IS INTERPRETED AS `LOUD', and this becomes such an ingrained synesthetic reflex that a person who goes to caps-lock while in talk mode may be asked to "stop shouting, please, you're hurting my ears!". Also, it is common to use bracketing with unusual characters to signify emphasis. The asterisk is most common, as in "What the *hell*?" even though this interferes with the common use of the asterisk suffix as a footnote mark. The underscore is also common, suggesting underlining (this is particularly common with book titles; for example, "It is often alleged that Joe Haldeman wrote _The_Forever_War_ as a rebuttal to Robert Heinlein's earlier novel of the future military, _Starship_Troopers_."). Other forms exemplified by "=hell=", "\hell/", or "/hell/" are occasionally seen (it's claimed that in the last example the first slash pushes the letters over to the right to make them italic, and the second keeps them from falling over). On FidoNet, you might see #bright# and ^dark^ text, which was actually interpreted by some reader software. Finally, words may also be emphasized L I K E T H I S, or by a series of carets (^) under them on the next line of the text. There is a semantic difference between *emphasis like this* (which emphasizes the phrase as a whole), and *emphasis* *like* *this* (which suggests the writer speaking very slowly and distinctly, as if to a very young child or a mentally impaired person). Bracketing a word with the `*' character may also indicate that the writer wishes readers to consider that an action is taking place or that a sound is being made. Examples: *bang*, *hic*, *ring*, *grin*, *kick*, *stomp*, *mumble*. One might also see the above sound effects as , , , , , , . This use of angle brackets to mark their contents originally derives from conventions used in BNF, but since about 1993 it has been reinforced by the HTML markup used on the World Wide Web. Angle-bracket enclosure is also used to indicate that a term stands for some random member of a larger class (this is straight from BNF). Examples like the following are common: So this walks into a bar one day... There is also an accepted convention for `writing under erasure'; the text Be nice to this fool^H^H^H^Hgentleman, he's visiting from corporate HQ. reads roughly as "Be nice to this fool, er, gentleman...", with irony emphasized. The digraph ^H is often used as a print representation for a backspace, and was actually very visible on old-style printing terminals. As the text was being composed the characters would be echoed and printed immediately, and when a correction was made the backspace keystrokes would be echoed with the string '^H'. Of course, the final composed text would have no trace of the backspace characters (or the original erroneous text). Accidental writing under erasure occurs when using the Unix "talk" program to chat interactively to another user. On a PC-style keyboard most users instinctively press the backspace key to delete mistakes, but this may not achieve the desired effect, and merely displays a ^H symbol. The user typically presses backspace a few times before their brain realises the problem - especially likely if the user is a touch-typist - and since each character is transmitted as soon as it is typed, Freudian slips and other inadvertant admissions are (barring network delays) clearly visible for the other user to see. Deliberate use of ^H for writing under erasure parallels (and may have been influenced by) the ironic use of `slashouts' in science-fiction fanzines. A related habit uses editor commands to signify corrections to previous text. This custom faded in email as more mailers got good editing capabilities, only to take on new life on IRCs and other line-based chat systems. charlie: I've seen that term used on alt.foobar often. lisa: Send it to Erik for the File. lisa: Oops...s/Erik/Eric/. The s/Erik/Eric/ says "change Erik to Eric in the preceding". This syntax is borrowed from the Unix editing tools `ed' and `sed', but is widely recognized by non-Unix hackers as well. In a formula, `*' signifies multiplication but two asterisks in a row are a shorthand for exponentiation (this derives from FORTRAN, and is also used in Ada). Thus, one might write 2 ** 8 = 256. Another notation for exponentiation one sees more frequently uses the caret (^, ASCII 1011110); one might write instead `2^8 = 256'. This goes all the way back to Algol-60, which used the archaic ASCII `up-arrow' that later became the caret; this was picked up by Kemeny and Kurtz's original BASIC, which in turn influenced the design of the `bc(1)' and `dc(1)' Unix tools, which have probably done most to reinforce the convention on Usenet. (TeX math mode also uses ^ for exponention.) The notation is mildly confusing to C programmers, because `^' means bitwise exclusive-or in C. Despite this, it was favored 3:1 over ** in a late-1990 snapshot of Usenet. It is used consistently in this lexicon. In on-line exchanges, hackers tend to use decimal forms or improper fractions (`3.5' or `7/2') rather than `typewriter style' mixed fractions (`3-1/2'). The major motive here is probably that the former are more readable in a monospaced font, together with a desire to avoid the risk that the latter might be read as `three minus one-half'. The decimal form is definitely preferred for fractions with a terminating decimal representation; there may be some cultural influence here from the high status of scientific notation. Another on-line convention, used especially for very large or very small numbers, is taken from C (which derived it from FORTRAN). This is a form of `scientific notation' using `e' to replace `*10^'; for example, one year is about 3e7 seconds long. The tilde (~) is commonly used in a quantifying sense of `approximately'; that is, `~50' means `about fifty'. On Usenet and in the MUD world, common C boolean, logical, and relational operators such as `|', `&', `||', `&&', `!', `==', `!=', `>', `<', `>=', and `<=' are often combined with English. The Pascal not-equals, `<>', is also recognized, and occasionally one sees `/=' for not-equals (from Ada, Common Lisp, and Fortran 90). The use of prefix `!' as a loose synonym for `not-' or `no-' is particularly common; thus, `!clue' is read `no-clue' or `clueless'. A related practice borrows syntax from preferred programming languages to express ideas in a natural-language text. For example, one might see the following: In J. R. Hacker wrote: >I recently had occasion to field-test the Snafu >Systems 2300E adaptive gonkulator. The price was >right, and the racing stripe on the case looked >kind of neat, but its performance left something >to be desired. Yeah, I tried one out too. #ifdef FLAME Hasn't anyone told those idiots that you can't get decent bogon suppression with AFJ filters at today's net volumes? #endif /* FLAME */ I guess they figured the price premium for true frame-based semantic analysis was too high. Unfortunately, it's also the only workable approach. I wouldn't recommend purchase of this product unless you're on a *very* tight budget. #include -- == Frank Foonly (Fubarco Systems) In the above, the `#ifdef'/`#endif' pair is a conditional compilation syntax from C; here, it implies that the text between (which is a flame) should be evaluated only if you have turned on (or defined on) the switch FLAME. The `#include' at the end is C for "include standard disclaimer here"; the `standard disclaimer' is understood to read, roughly, "These are my personal opinions and not to be construed as the official position of my employer." The top section in the example, with > at the left margin, is an example of an inclusion convention we'll discuss below. More recently, following on the huge popularity of the World Wide Web, pseudo-HTML markup has become popular for similar purposes: Your father was a hamster and your mother smelt of elderberries! You'll even see this with an HTML-style modifier: You seem well-suited for a career in government. Another recent (late 1990s) construction now common on Usenet seems to be borrowed from Unix shell syntax or Perl. It consists of using a dollar sign before an uppercased form of a word or acronym to suggest any random member of the class indicated by the word. Thus: `$PHB' means "any random member of the class `Pointy-Haired Boss'". Hackers also mix letters and numbers more freely than in mainstream usage. In particular, it is good hackish style to write a digit sequence where you intend the reader to understand the text string that names that number in English. So, hackers prefer to write `1970s' rather than `nineteen-seventies' or `1970's' (the latter looks like a possessive). It should also be noted that hackers exhibit much less reluctance to use multiply-nested parentheses than is normal in English. Part of this is almost certainly due to influence from LISP (which uses deeply nested parentheses (like this (see?)) in its syntax a lot), but it has also been suggested that a more basic hacker trait of enjoying playing with complexity and pushing systems to their limits is in operation. Finally, it is worth mentioning that many studies of on-line communication have shown that electronic links have a de-inhibiting effect on people. Deprived of the body-language cues through which emotional state is expressed, people tend to forget everything about other parties except what is presented over that ASCII link. This has both good and bad effects. A good one is that it encourages honesty and tends to break down hierarchical authority relationships; a bad one is that it may encourage depersonalization and gratuitous rudeness. Perhaps in response to this, experienced netters often display a sort of conscious formal politesse in their writing that has passed out of fashion in other spoken and written media (for example, the phrase "Well said, sir!" is not uncommon). Many introverted hackers who are next to inarticulate in person communicate with considerable fluency over the net, perhaps precisely because they can forget on an unconscious level that they are dealing with people and thus don't feel stressed and anxious as they would face to face. Though it is considered gauche to publicly criticize posters for poor spelling or grammar, the network places a premium on literacy and clarity of expression. It may well be that future historians of literature will see in it a revival of the great tradition of personal letters as art. Source: Jargon File..
Helping Hacker Culture Grow Computing Helping Hacker Culture Grow If you enjoyed the Jargon File, please help the culture that created it grow and flourish. Here are several ways you can help: * If you are a writer or journalist, don't say or write hacker when you mean cracker. If you work with writers or journalists, educate them on this issue and push them to do the right thing. If you catch a newspaper or magazine abusing the work `hacker', write them and straighten them out (this appendix includes a model letter). * If you're a techie or computer hobbyist, get involved with one of the free Unixes. Toss out that lame Microsoft OS, or confine it to one disk partition and put Linux or FreeBSD or NetBSD on the other one. And the next time your friend or boss is thinking about some proprietary software `solution' that costs more than it's worth, be ready to blow the competition away with open-source software running over a Unix. * Contribute to organizations like the Free Software Foundation that promote the production of high-quality free and open-source software. You can reach the Free Software Foundation at gnu@gnu.org, by phone at +1-617-542-5942, or by snail-mail at 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA. * Support the League for Programming Freedom, which opposes over-broad software patents that constantly threaten to blow up in hackers' faces, preventing them from developing innovative software for tomorrow's needs. You can reach the League for Programming Freedom at lpf@uunet.uu.net. by phone at +1 617 621 7084, or by snail-mail at 1 Kendall Square #143, P.O.Box 9171, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA. * Join the continuing fight against Internet censorship, visit the Center for Democracy and Technology Home Page at `http://www.cdt.org'. * If you do nothing else, please help fight government attempts to seize political control of Internet content and restrict strong cryptography. The so-called `Communications Decency Act' was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, but U.S. cryptography policy still infringes our First Amendment rights. Surf to the Center for Democracy and technology's home page at `http://www.cdt.org' to see what you can do to help fight censorship of the net. Here's the text of a letter RMS wrote to the Wall Street Journal to complain about their policy of using "hacker" only in a pejorative sense. We hear that most major newspapers have the same policy. If you'd like to help change this situation, send your favorite newspaper the same letter - or, better yet, write your own letter. Dear Editor: This letter is not meant for publication, although you can publish it if you wish. It is meant specifically for you, the editor, not the public. I am a hacker. That is to say, I enjoy playing with computers -- working with, learning about, and writing clever computer programs. I am not a cracker; I don't make a practice of breaking computer security. There's nothing shameful about the hacking I do. But when I tell people I am a hacker, people think I'm admitting something naughty -- because newspapers such as yours misuse the word "hacker", giving the impression that it means "security breaker" and nothing else. You are giving hackers a bad name. The saddest thing is that this problem is perpetuated deliberately. Your reporters know the difference between "hacker" and "security breaker". They know how to make the distinction, but you don't let them! You insist on using "hacker" pejoratively. When reporters try to use another word, you change it. When reporters try to explain the other meanings, you cut it. Of course, you have a reason. You say that readers have become used to your insulting usage of "hacker", so that you cannot change it now. Well, you can't undo past mistakes today; but that is no excuse to repeat them tomorrow. If I were what you call a "hacker", at this point I would threaten to crack your computer and crash it. But I am a hacker, not a cracker. I don't do that kind of thing! I have enough computers to play with at home and at work; I don't need yours. Besides, it's not my way to respond to insults with violence. My response is this letter. You owe hackers an apology; but more than that, you owe us ordinary respect. Sincerely, etc. Source: Jargon File..
J. Random Hacker Computing J. Random Hacker /J rand'm hak'r/ n. [very common] A mythical figure like the Unknown Soldier; the archetypal hacker nerd. This term is one of the oldest in the jargon, apparently going back to MIT in the 1960s. See random, Suzie COBOL. This may originally have been inspired by `J. Fred Muggs', a show-biz chimpanzee whose name was a household word back in the early days of TMRC, and was probably influenced by `J. Presper Eckert' (one of the co-inventors of the electronic computer). See also Fred Foobar. Source: Jargon File..
J. Random Hacker Computing J. Random Hacker /J rand'm hak'r/ MIT jargon for a mythical figure; the archetypal hacker nerd. This may originally have been inspired by "J. Fred Muggs", a show-biz chimpanzee whose name was a household word back in the early days of TMRC, and was probably influenced by J. Presper Eckert (one of the co-inventors of the electronic computer). See random, Suzie COBOL. (1996-10-16). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing..
True hacker Computing True hacker (By analogy with "trufan" from SF fandom) One who exemplifies the primary values of hacker culture, especially competence and helpfullness to other hackers. A high compliment. "He spent 6 hours helping me bring up UUCP and netnews on my FOOBAR 4000 last week - manifestly the act of a true-hacker". Compare demigod, opposite: munchkin. [Jargon File] (1996-01-07). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing..
Weaknesses of the Hacker Personality Computing Weaknesses of the Hacker Personality Hackers have relatively little ability to identify emotionally with other people. This may be because hackers generally aren't much like `other people'. Unsurprisingly, hackers also tend towards self-absorption, intellectual arrogance, and impatience with people and tasks perceived to be wasting their time. As cynical as hackers sometimes wax about the amount of idiocy in the world, they tend by reflex to assume that everyone is as rational, `cool', and imaginative as they consider themselves. This bias often contributes to weakness in communication skills. Hackers tend to be especially poor at confrontation and negotiation. Because of their passionate embrace of (what they consider to be) the Right Thing, hackers can be unfortunately intolerant and bigoted on technical issues, in marked contrast to their general spirit of camaraderie and tolerance of alternative viewpoints otherwise. Old-time {ITS partisans look down on the ever-growing hordes of {Unix hackers; Unix aficionados despise VMS and {MS-DOS; and hackers who are used to conventional command-line user interfaces loudly loathe mouse-and-menu based systems such as the Macintosh. Hackers who don't indulge in Usenet consider it a huge waste of time and bandwidth; fans of old adventure games such as ADVENT and Zork consider MUDs to be glorified chat systems devoid of atmosphere or interesting puzzles; hackers who are willing to devote endless hours to Usenet or MUDs consider IRC to be a _real_ waste of time; IRCies think MUDs might be okay if there weren't all those silly puzzles in the way. And, of course, there are the perennial holy wars -- EMACS vs. vi, big-endian vs. little-endian, RISC vs. CISC, etc., etc., etc. As in society at large, the intensity and duration of these debates is usually inversely proportional to the number of objective, factual arguments available to buttress any position. As a result of all the above traits, many hackers have difficulty maintaining stable relationships. At worst, they can produce the classic geek: withdrawn, relationally incompetent, sexually frustrated, and desperately unhappy when not submerged in his or her craft. Fortunately, this extreme is far less common than mainstream folklore paints it -- but almost all hackers will recognize something of themselves in the unflattering paragraphs above. Hackers are often monumentally disorganized and sloppy about dealing with the physical world. Bills don't get paid on time, clutter piles up to incredible heights in homes and offices, and minor maintenance tasks get deferred indefinitely. 1994-95's fad behavioral disease was a syndrome called Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), supposedly characterized by (among other things) a combination of short attention span with an ability to `hyperfocus' imaginatively on interesting tasks. In 1998-1999 another syndrome that is said to overlap with many hacker traits entered popular awareness: Asperger's syndrome (AS). This disorder is also sometimes called `high-function autism', though researchers are divided on whether AS is in fact a mild form of autism or a distinct syndrome with a different etiology. AS patients exhibit mild to severe deficits in interpreting facial and body-language cues and in modeling or empathizing with others' emotions. Though some AS patients exhibit mild retardation, others compensate for their deficits with high intelligence and analytical ability, and frequently seek out technical fields where problem-solving abilities are at a premium and people skills are relatively unimportant. Both syndromes are thought to relate to abnormalities in neurotransmitter chemistry, especially the brain's processing of serotonin. Many hackers have noticed that mainstream culture has shown a tendency to pathologize and medicalize normal variations in personality, especially those variations that make life more complicated for authority figures and conformists. Thus, hackers aware of the issue tend to be among those questioning whether ADD and AS actually exist; and if so whether they are really `diseases' rather than extremes of a normal genetic variation like having freckles or being able to taste DPT. In either case, they have a sneaking tendency to wonder if these syndromes are over-diagnosed and over-treated. After all, people in authority will always be inconvenienced by schoolchildren or workers or citizens who are prickly, intelligent individualists - thus, any social system that depends on authority relationships will tend to helpfully ostracize and therapize and drug such `abnormal' people until they are properly docile and stupid and `well-socialized'. So hackers tend to believe they have good reason for skepticism about clinical explanations of the hacker personality. That being said, most would also concede that some hacker traits coincide with indicators for ADD and AS - the status of caffeeine as a hacker beverage of choice may be connected to the fact that it bonds to the same neural receptors as Ritalin, the drug most commonly prescribed for ADD. It is probably true that boosters of both would find a rather higher rate of clinical ADD among hackers than the supposedly mainstream-normal 3-5% (AS is rarer and there are not yet good estimates of incidence as of 2000). Source: Jargon File..
White hat hacker Computing Computer expert employed by companies such as banks and e-commerce businesses to break into their networks and expose weaknesses before patching them up. Source: European Union. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top

Extended Definition: Hacker

Hacker

Hackers may refer to:

Computing and technology

  • Hacker (computing) has a spectrum of meanings:
    • Hacker (computer security), someone who breaks computer and network security
    • Hacker (free and open source software), a programmer in the free software and open source movement
    • Hacker (hobbyist), an enthusiastic home computer hobbyist.

Similar meanings in other fields are:

  • Media hacker, someone who uses the media in new ways
  • Reality hacker, similar to a computer hacker, but hacks the "real world"
  • Wetware hacker, one who experiments with biological materials
  • Somebody who generally works 'outside the box'.

Entertainment

  • Hackers (film)

People named Hacker

Real

  • Sally Hacker (1936–1988), feminist sociologist
  • Alan Ray Hacker (b. 1938), English clarinettist
  • Peter Hacker, (b. 1939), British philosopher
  • George Hacker (20th century), U.S. lawyer, head of the Alcohol Policies Project
  • Marilyn Hacker (b. 1942), American poet, critic, and reviewer
  • The Hacker (Michel Amato, b. 1972), French electroclash and techno producer
  • [[1]](Sunny Sharma(Gaurav), Jodhpur, 2008)* Indian teen Hacker

Fictional

  • Jim Hacker, the title character of Yes Minister
  • J. Random Hacker, the mythical/archetypal hacker nerd
  • Hacker from TV show Cyberchase

Other definitions

Hacker may also refer to:

New York street sign, c. 1963
New York street sign, c. 1963
  • Hacker (folklore), a mythological race in Scandinavian folklore
  • A mediocre golfer [1]
  • Someone who practises casual equestrianism, in particular trail riding
  • A person skilled in the creation of a hack (masonry)
  • A musician who plays out of turn or shows off constantly
  • A player of NetHack, and other rogue-like games
  • Hacker and hack are also terms for a taxicab driver (from the shortened form of hackney carriage).
  • A brewery which merged with Pschorr in 1972, now the Hacker-Pschorr Brewery, and the beer it produces.

See also

References

  1. Sue Montgomery (Sunday, 17 February 2008), The Hacker: I might be off my trolley but being a caddy is certainly my bag, <http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/golf/the-hacker-i-might-be-off-my-trolley-but-being-a-caddy-is-certainly-my-bag-783323.html> 

Hackers web

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia; from the article "Hacker (disambiguation)". Image Credit.
 bookmark   email   print   tweet   facebook  



Extended Definition: Hacker

Hacker

Hackers may refer to:

Computing and technology

  • Hacker (computing) has a spectrum of meanings:
    • Hacker (computer security), someone who breaks computer and network security
    • Hacker (free and open source software), a programmer in the free software and open source movement
    • Hacker (hobbyist), an enthusiastic home computer hobbyist.

Similar meanings in other fields are:

  • Media hacker, someone who uses the media in new ways
  • Reality hacker, similar to a computer hacker, but hacks the "real world"
  • Wetware hacker, one who experiments with biological materials
  • Somebody who generally works 'outside the box'.

Entertainment

  • Hackers (film)

People named Hacker

Real

  • Sally Hacker (1936–1988), feminist sociologist
  • Alan Ray Hacker (b. 1938), English clarinettist
  • Peter Hacker, (b. 1939), British philosopher
  • George Hacker (20th century), U.S. lawyer, head of the Alcohol Policies Project
  • Marilyn Hacker (b. 1942), American poet, critic, and reviewer
  • The Hacker (Michel Amato, b. 1972), French electroclash and techno producer
  • [[1]](Sunny Sharma(Gaurav), Jodhpur, 2008)* Indian teen Hacker

Fictional

  • Jim Hacker, the title character of Yes Minister
  • J. Random Hacker, the mythical/archetypal hacker nerd
  • Hacker from TV show Cyberchase

Other definitions

Hacker may also refer to:

New York street sign, c. 1963
New York street sign, c. 1963
  • Hacker (folklore), a mythological race in Scandinavian folklore
  • A mediocre golfer [1]
  • Someone who practises casual equestrianism, in particular trail riding
  • A person skilled in the creation of a hack (masonry)
  • A musician who plays out of turn or shows off constantly
  • A player of NetHack, and other rogue-like games
  • Hacker and hack are also terms for a taxicab driver (from the shortened form of hackney carriage).
  • A brewery which merged with Pschorr in 1972, now the Hacker-Pschorr Brewery, and the beer it produces.

See also

References

  1. Sue Montgomery (Sunday, 17 February 2008), The Hacker: I might be off my trolley but being a caddy is certainly my bag, <http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/golf/the-hacker-i-might-be-off-my-trolley-but-being-a-caddy-is-certainly-my-bag-783323.html> 

Hackers web

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia; from the article "Hacker". Image Credit.
 bookmark   email   print   tweet   facebook  



Topics by Level of Interest: Hacker

Topics sorted by level of Interest Level (1=low, 600=high)     Topics sorted Alphabetically Level (1=low, 600=high)
Hacker 93     2600: The Hacker Quarterly 11
Hacker definition controversy 61     Alan Ray Hacker 7
Timeline of computer security hacker history 50     Andrew Hacker 4
Hacker (computer security) 36     Angela Hacker 7
Just another Perl hacker 28     Annie Hacker 6
Hacker artist 21     Arthur Hacker 4
The Hacker Files 19     Benjamin Thurman Hacker 14
Peter Hacker 19     Certified Ethical Hacker 6
Hacker ethic 19     Francis Hacker 5
The Hacker 18     George Hacker 4
Jim Hacker 17     Great Hacker War 8
Hacker (academia) 15     Hacker 93
Benjamin Thurman Hacker 14     Hacker (academia) 15
Hacker Ministry 13     Hacker (alternative meanings) 7
The Hacker (novel) 12     Hacker (card game) 6
Hacker (computer game) 11     Hacker (computer game) 11
2600: The Hacker Quarterly 11     Hacker (computer security) 36
Hacker koan 11     Hacker (folklore) 3
Marilyn Hacker 10     Hacker (hobbyist) 7
Hacker con 9     Hacker artist 21
Great Hacker War 8     Hacker con 9
The Hacker Crackdown 8     Hacker definition controversy 61
Hacker (alternative meanings) 7     Hacker Emblem 5
Hacker (hobbyist) 7     Hacker ethic 19
Angela Hacker 7     Hacker Groups 3
Street Hacker 7     Hacker II: The Doomsday Papers 5
Alan Ray Hacker 7     Hacker Key 3
Annie Hacker 6     Hacker koan 11
Certified Ethical Hacker 6     Hacker Manifesto 6
Wetware hacker 6     Hacker Ministry 13
Scot Hacker 6     Hans Hacker 5
Zac Hacker 6     Jacob Hacker 5
Hacker (card game) 6     Jeremiah Hacker 4
Hacker Manifesto 6     Jim Hacker 17
Jacob Hacker 5     Just another Perl hacker 28
Hacker II: The Doomsday Papers 5     Marilyn Hacker 10
Hacker Emblem 5     Media hacker 3
Project Hacker 5     Peter Hacker 19
Hans Hacker 5     Peter Hacker (cricketer) 3
Rüdiger Hacker 5     Project Hacker 5
Francis Hacker 5     Rüdiger Hacker 5
Arthur Hacker 4     Reality hacker 2
Jeremiah Hacker 4     Ron Hacker 4
Andrew Hacker 4     Sally Hacker 3
Ron Hacker 4     Scot Hacker 6
George Hacker 4     Street Hacker 7
Sally Hacker 3     The Hacker 18
Peter Hacker (cricketer) 3     The Hacker (novel) 12
The Hacker Purity Test 3     The Hacker Crackdown 8
Media hacker 3     The Hacker Files 19
Hacker Key 3     The Hacker Purity Test 3
Warren Hacker 3     Timeline of computer security hacker history 50
Hacker Groups 3     Warren Hacker 3
Hacker (folklore) 3     Wetware hacker 6
Reality hacker 2     Zac Hacker 6

Source: the editor, created by/for EVE to gauge likely levels of human interest in linguistically triggered topics (compiled across various sources, such as Wikipedia and specialty expression glosses).

Translations: Hacker

Language Translations (or nearest inflections or synonyms, in parentheses)
Al Arabiya فنان برمجة، مقتحم، متسلل (hacker), متطفل (obtrusive, sponger, meddlesome, parasite, snoop). Additional references: Al Arabiya, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Al Fus-Ha فنان برمجة، مقتحم، متسلل (hacker), متطفل (obtrusive, sponger, meddlesome, parasite, snoop). Additional references: Al Fus-Ha, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Arabic فنان برمجة، مقتحم، متسلل (hacker), متطفل (obtrusive, sponger, meddlesome, parasite, snoop). Additional references: Arabic, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Bohemian haker (hacker), osoba koja se iz radoznalosti bavi raèunalima (hacker), lopov (blackleg, bugger, burglar, crook, hacker), Hacker (Hacker), počítačový odborník (hacker), kompjuterový podvodník (hacker). Additional references: Bohemian, Czech Republic, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Brazilian Portuguese pirata informático (hacker), pirata (pirate, buccaneer, corsair, rover, filibuster), mutilador (hacker), hacker (hacker). Additional references: Brazilian Portuguese, Portugal, Angola, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Breton preizher (hacker). Additional references: Breton, France, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Brezhoneg preizher (hacker). Additional references: Brezhoneg, France, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Catalan Hacker (Hacker). Additional references: Catalan, Spain, Andorra, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Central Danish Hacker (Hacker). Additional references: Central Danish, Denmark, Germany, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Central Tai แฮกเกอร์ (Hacker). Additional references: Central Tai, Thailand, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Cestina haker (hacker), osoba koja se iz radoznalosti bavi raèunalima (hacker), lopov (blackleg, bugger, burglar, crook, hacker), Hacker (Hacker), počítačový odborník (hacker), kompjuterový podvodník (hacker). Additional references: Cestina, Czech Republic, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Chinese Pidgin English 黑客 (hacker), 侵截者 (hacker). Additional references: Chinese Pidgin English, Nauru, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Chinese Simplified 黑客 (hacker, hacker The Matrix, hackers), 侵截者 (hacker, cracker), 电脑黑客 (hacker, hackers), 电脑窃贼 (hacker), 怪客 (hacker), 恶作剧者 (slyboots, chafferer, leg-puller, hacker, jokester), 业余高段电脑使用者 (hacker), 黑客的软件 (hacker software), 骇客道德 (hacker ethic). Additional references: Chinese Simplified, China, Brunei, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Chinese Traditional 黑客 (hacker, hacker The Matrix, hack), 侵截者 (hacker, cracker), 電腦黑客 (hacker, hackers), 駭客 (hacker), 赫克爾 (hacker), 黑客的軟體 (hacker software), 駭客道德 (hacker ethic), 駭客之道 (hacker ethic). Additional references: Chinese Traditional, China, Brunei, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Corse piratu (hacker, pirate, piratical, bandit, buccaneer), intrusu (intruder, trespasser, gatecrasher, intruders, outsiders). Additional references: Corse, France, Italy, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Corsi piratu (hacker, pirate, piratical, bandit, buccaneer), intrusu (intruder, trespasser, gatecrasher, intruders, outsiders). Additional references: Corsi, France, Italy, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Corsican piratu (hacker, pirate, piratical, bandit, buccaneer), intrusu (intruder, trespasser, gatecrasher, intruders, outsiders). Additional references: Corsican, France, Italy, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Corso piratu (hacker, pirate, piratical, bandit, buccaneer), intrusu (intruder, trespasser, gatecrasher, intruders, outsiders). Additional references: Corso, France, Italy, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Corsu piratu (hacker, pirate, piratical, bandit, buccaneer), intrusu (intruder, trespasser, gatecrasher, intruders, outsiders). Additional references: Corsu, France, Italy, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Croatian haker (hacker). Additional references: Croatian, Croatia, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Cymraeg haciwr (hacker). Additional references: Cymraeg, United Kingdom, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Czech haker (hacker), osoba koja se iz radoznalosti bavi raèunalima (hacker), lopov (blackleg, bugger, burglar, crook, hacker), Hacker (Hacker), počítačový odborník (hacker), kompjuterový podvodník (hacker). Additional references: Czech, Czech Republic, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Danish Hacker (Hacker). Additional references: Danish, Denmark, Germany, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Dansk Hacker (Hacker). Additional references: Dansk, Denmark, Germany, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Dari خردكننده (hacker, swot, crasher), هاکر (hacker), رخنه گر رايانه ای (hacker), رخنه گر (hacker). Additional references: Dari, Iran, Indo-European, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Deutsch Hackerin (hacker), Eindränger (hacker, hackers), der Hacker (hacker), der Computereindringling (hacker), Hacker (hacker). Additional references: Deutsch, Germany, Austria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Dutch hacker (hacker), computerkraker (hacker), kraker (squatter, hacker, hit), aftapper (drawee, hacker), aanvaller (forward, aggressor, assailant, attacker, attackers). Additional references: Dutch, Netherlands, Aruba, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Finnish hakkeri (hacker, a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system), krakkeri (a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system, Cracker, hacker). Additional references: Finnish, Finland, Russia (Europe), hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Français pirate (hacker, pirate, buccaneer, piratical, corsair), hacker (hacker, a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system), pirate informatique (cracker, hacker, a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system), intrus (intruder, trespasser, interloper, intruders, gate-crasher), bidouilleur (hacker, computer hacker), hackeur (hacker), cyberpirate (hacker), piocheur (a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system, hacker), d'accord avec gendebien (hacker), intrus informatique (hacker). Additional references: Français, France, Algeria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
French pirate (hacker, pirate, buccaneer, piratical, corsair), hacker (hacker, a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system), pirate informatique (cracker, hacker, a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system), intrus (intruder, trespasser, interloper, intruders, gate-crasher), bidouilleur (hacker, computer hacker), hackeur (hacker), cyberpirate (hacker), piocheur (a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system, hacker), d'accord avec gendebien (hacker), intrus informatique (hacker). Additional references: French, France, Algeria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Gaelg speiyder (hacker, hewer, picker, sapper). Additional references: Gaelg, United Kingdom, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Gailck speiyder (hacker, hewer, picker, sapper). Additional references: Gailck, United Kingdom, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
German Hackerin (hacker), Eindränger (hacker, hackers), der Hacker (hacker), der Computereindringling (hacker), Hacker (hacker). Additional references: German, Germany, Austria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Greek πειρατής (pirate, a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system, hacker), πληροφορικός πειρατής (a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system, hacker). Additional references: Greek, Greece, Albania, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Greek (transliteration) peiratis (pirate, a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system, hacker), pliroforikos peiratis (a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system, hacker). Additional references: Greek, Greece, Albania, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Hanguk Mal 컴퓨터 침해자 (hacker), 컴퓨터 매니어 (hacker), 자르는 사람 (hewer, chopper, hacker), 도끼의 일종 (hacker), 해커 (geek, Hacker). Additional references: Hanguk Mal, Korea, South, Korea, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Hanguohua 컴퓨터 침해자 (hacker), 컴퓨터 매니어 (hacker), 자르는 사람 (hewer, chopper, hacker), 도끼의 일종 (hacker), 해커 (geek, Hacker). Additional references: Hanguohua, Korea, South, Korea, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Hebrew םיבשחמ קירפ (hacker), האקר (Hacker), חובב מחשבים נלהב הפוגע במידע (hacker), הָאקֶר (hacker). Additional references: Hebrew, Israel, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
High Arabic فنان برمجة، مقتحم، متسلل (hacker), متطفل (obtrusive, sponger, meddlesome, parasite, snoop). Additional references: High Arabic, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
High German Hackerin (hacker), Eindränger (hacker, hackers), der Hacker (hacker), der Computereindringling (hacker), Hacker (hacker). Additional references: High German, Germany, Austria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Hochdeutsch Hackerin (hacker), Eindränger (hacker, hackers), der Hacker (hacker), der Computereindringling (hacker), Hacker (hacker). Additional references: Hochdeutsch, Germany, Austria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Hungarian csákányozó (hacker, picker), csákányos (hacker), csákány (pickax, hack, hacker, pecker, pick), bárd (bard, hacker, adze, adz, axhammer). Additional references: Hungarian, Hungary, Austria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Italian pirata informatico (hacker), hacker (hacker), pirata (buccaneer, freebooter, pirate, corsair, hacker), del software (hacker), arnese da taglio (hack, cutter, edge tool, hacker), ronzino (crock, hack, jade, nag, garron), tagliuzzare (shred, whittle, mince, hack, snip), fanatico d'informatica (hacker), fanatico di computer (hacker), arnese per scavo (hack, hacker). Additional references: Italian, Italy, Croatia, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Ivrit םיבשחמ קירפ (hacker), האקר (Hacker), חובב מחשבים נלהב הפוגע במידע (hacker), הָאקֶר (hacker). Additional references: Ivrit, Israel, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Japanese コンピュータマニア (hacker), 専門知識にたけたコンピュータ技術者 (hacker), 他人のシステムに侵入する人 (hacker), ハッカー (hacker, hackers, raider), ハッカー症候群 (hacker syndrome), ハッカーしょうこうぐん (hacker syndrome), 前ハッカー (ex hacker, ex hackers, ex-hacker, ex-hackers), ハッカー文化 (Hacker culture). Additional references: Japanese, Japan, Taiwan, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Korean 컴퓨터 침해자 (hacker), 컴퓨터 매니어 (hacker), 자르는 사람 (hewer, chopper, hacker), 도끼의 일종 (hacker), 해커 (geek, Hacker). Additional references: Korean, Korea, South, Korea, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Lietuvi Hakeris (Hacker), piratas (filibuster, gentleman of fortune, hacker, picaroon, pirate). Additional references: Lietuvi, Lithuania, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Litauische Hakeris (Hacker), piratas (filibuster, gentleman of fortune, hacker, picaroon, pirate). Additional references: Litauische, Lithuania, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Litewski Hakeris (Hacker), piratas (filibuster, gentleman of fortune, hacker, picaroon, pirate). Additional references: Litewski, Lithuania, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Lithuanian Hakeris (Hacker), piratas (filibuster, gentleman of fortune, hacker, picaroon, pirate). Additional references: Lithuanian, Lithuania, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Litovskiy Hakeris (Hacker), piratas (filibuster, gentleman of fortune, hacker, picaroon, pirate). Additional references: Litovskiy, Lithuania, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Liutuviskai Hakeris (Hacker), piratas (filibuster, gentleman of fortune, hacker, picaroon, pirate). Additional references: Liutuviskai, Lithuania, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Magyar csákányozó (hacker, picker), csákányos (hacker), csákány (pickax, hack, hacker, pecker, pick), bárd (bard, hacker, adze, adz, axhammer). Additional references: Magyar, Hungary, Austria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Manx speiyder (hacker, hewer, picker, sapper). Additional references: Manx, United Kingdom, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Manx Gaelic speiyder (hacker, hewer, picker, sapper). Additional references: Manx Gaelic, United Kingdom, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Norwegian datasnok (hacker). Additional references: Norwegian, Norway, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Parsi خردكننده (hacker, swot, crasher), هاکر (hacker), رخنه گر رايانه ای (hacker), رخنه گر (hacker). Additional references: Parsi, Iran, Indo-European, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Persian خردكننده (hacker, swot, crasher), هاکر (hacker), رخنه گر رايانه ای (hacker), رخنه گر (hacker). Additional references: Persian, Iran, Indo-European, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Persian (Farsi) خردكننده (hacker, swot, crasher), هاکر (hacker), رخنه گر رايانه ای (hacker), رخنه گر (hacker). Additional references: Persian (Farsi), Iran, Indo-European, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Polish haker (hacker), włamywacz (burglar, housebreaker, burglars, crack, hacker), pirat (pirate, buccaneer, pirates, scourer, cowboy), hacker (hacker), spec (dabster, sharp, hack, hacker, hackle), maniak komputerowy (computer geek, cybernetics, hacker). Additional references: Polish, Poland, Czech Republic, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Polnisch haker (hacker), włamywacz (burglar, housebreaker, burglars, crack, hacker), pirat (pirate, buccaneer, pirates, scourer, cowboy), hacker (hacker), spec (dabster, sharp, hack, hacker, hackle), maniak komputerowy (computer geek, cybernetics, hacker). Additional references: Polnisch, Poland, Czech Republic, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Polski haker (hacker), włamywacz (burglar, housebreaker, burglars, crack, hacker), pirat (pirate, buccaneer, pirates, scourer, cowboy), hacker (hacker), spec (dabster, sharp, hack, hacker, hackle), maniak komputerowy (computer geek, cybernetics, hacker). Additional references: Polski, Poland, Czech Republic, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Portuguese pirata informático (hacker), pirata (pirate, buccaneer, corsair, rover, filibuster), mutilador (hacker), hacker (hacker). Additional references: Portuguese, Portugal, Angola, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Ruotsi hacker (hacker, a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system), hackare (chopper, hacker, chopper transistor), dataspecialist (hacker). Additional references: Ruotsi, Sweden, Finland, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Russian хакер (hacker), хэкер (hacker), хекер (hacker), Эмблема хакеров (Hacker Emblem), системщик-витуоз (system hacker), системный хакер (system hacker). Additional references: Russian, Russia, China, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Russian (transliteration) khaker (hacker), kheker (hacker), kheker (hacker), emblema khakerov (Hacker Emblem), sistemshchik-vituoz (system hacker), sistemnyy khaker (system hacker). Additional references: Russian, Russia, China, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Russki хакер (hacker), хэкер (hacker), хекер (hacker), Эмблема хакеров (Hacker Emblem), системщик-витуоз (system hacker), системный хакер (system hacker). Additional references: Russki, Russia, China, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Russki (transliteration) khaker (hacker), kheker (hacker), kheker (hacker), emblema khakerov (Hacker Emblem), sistemshchik-vituoz (system hacker), sistemnyy khaker (system hacker). Additional references: Russki, Russia, China, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Scots Gaelic sgriosair (hacker). Additional references: Scots Gaelic, United Kingdom, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Serbian (transliteration) majstor računarstva (hacker), lopov (blackleg, burglar, picklock, robber, thief), haker (hacker). Additional references: Serbian (transliteration), hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Sesotho moakamedi (hacker). Additional references: Sesotho, Lesotho, South Africa, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Siamese แฮกเกอร์ (Hacker). Additional references: Siamese, Thailand, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Sisutho moakamedi (hacker). Additional references: Sisutho, Lesotho, South Africa, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Sjaelland Hacker (Hacker). Additional references: Sjaelland, Denmark, Germany, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Slovene Heker (Hacker). Additional references: Slovene, Slovenia, Austria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Slovenian Heker (Hacker). Additional references: Slovenian, Slovenia, Austria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Slovenscina Heker (Hacker). Additional references: Slovenscina, Slovenia, Austria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Sotho (Southern Dialect) moakamedi (hacker). Additional references: Sotho (Southern Dialect), Lesotho, South Africa, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Souto moakamedi (hacker). Additional references: Souto, Lesotho, South Africa, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Spanish pirata informático (hacker, a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system), pirata (pirate, hacker, picaroon, rover, sea rover), hácker (hacker), usuario pirata (hacker), intruso (intruder, interloper, intrusive, obtrusive, outsider), rompeteclas (hacker), computomaníaco (hacker), aficionado a las computadoras (hacker), n (N, non-circularity of cladding, taffeta, dangerous for the environment, hacker), EXPERTO EN LA PIRATERIA DE ORDENADOR (hacker). Additional references: Spanish, Spain, Mexico, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Standard Thai แฮกเกอร์ (Hacker). Additional references: Standard Thai, Thailand, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Suomea hakkeri (hacker, a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system), krakkeri (a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system, Cracker, hacker). Additional references: Suomea, Finland, Russia (Europe), hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Suomi hakkeri (hacker, a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system), krakkeri (a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system, Cracker, hacker). Additional references: Suomi, Finland, Russia (Europe), hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Suthu moakamedi (hacker). Additional references: Suthu, Lesotho, South Africa, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Suto moakamedi (hacker). Additional references: Suto, Lesotho, South Africa, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Svenska hacker (hacker, a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system), hackare (chopper, hacker, chopper transistor), dataspecialist (hacker). Additional references: Svenska, Sweden, Finland, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Swedish hacker (hacker, a computer enthusiast who attempts to gain unauthorized access to a computer system), hackare (chopper, hacker, chopper transistor), dataspecialist (hacker). Additional references: Swedish, Sweden, Finland, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Thai แฮกเกอร์ (Hacker). Additional references: Thai, Thailand, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Thaiklang แฮกเกอร์ (Hacker). Additional references: Thaiklang, Thailand, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Turkish zamanını başkalarının bilgisayar sistemlerine girmekle geçiren kişi (hacker), kabaca kesen bir şey ya da kişi (hacker), hobisi bilgisayar programları düzenlemek olan kişi (hacker), bilgisayarı ile başka bir sistemi bozan kullanıcı (hacker), bilgisayar sistemine gizlice giren kişi (hacker), bilgisayar korsanı (computer hacker, hacker), bilgisayar hastası (hacker). Additional references: Turkish, Turkey, Bulgaria, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Ukrainian гакер (hacker). Additional references: Ukrainian, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Ukrainian (transliteration) gaker (hacker). Additional references: Ukrainian, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Welsh haciwr (hacker). Additional references: Welsh, United Kingdom, hacker. (volunteer & more translations)
Source: Eve, based on a combination of meta analysis and graph theory (for near and back translations). Top

Constructed Language Translations: Hacker

Language Translations for “hacker” or closest synonym(s); back translations in parentheses.
Athag hathagackathager (hacker). Additional references: Athag, hacker. (volunteer)
Double Dutch hagackager (hacker). Additional references: Double Dutch, hacker. (volunteer)
Esperanto komputpirato (hacker). Additional references: Esperanto, hacker. (volunteer)
Leet hax0r (HAC, hack, hacker, Ker). Additional references: Leet, hacker. (volunteer)
Oppish hopackoper (hacker). Additional references: Oppish, hacker. (volunteer)
Pig Latin ackerhay (hacker). Additional references: Pig Latin, hacker. (volunteer)
Terran A zakhm lagaaney waala (hacker), zaarib (hacker, multiplier), torhnay waala (hacker). Additional references: Terran A, hacker. (volunteer)
Terran B haratre (hacker). Additional references: Terran B, hacker. (volunteer)
Ubbi Dubbi hubackuber (hacker). Additional references: Ubbi Dubbi, hacker. (volunteer)
Source: compiled by the editor. Top

Ancestral and Extinct Language Translations: Hacker

Language Period Translations (or nearest inflections or synonyms, in parentheses)
Latin 500 BCE - 1700 vastator in disciplina informatica versatus (hacker). Additional references: Latin, hacker. (volunteer)
Source: compiled by the editor. Top