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Orange

Specialty Definition: Orange

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Specialty Definition: House of Orange-Nassau

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The House of Orange-Nassau (in Dutch Oranje-Nassau), is a family that has played a central role in the political life of the Netherlands since William I of Orange (also known as "William the Silent" and "Father of the Fatherland") organised the Dutch revolt against Spanish rule, which after the Eighty Years' War led to an independent Dutch state.

Several members of the house served during this war and after as governor or stadtholder (Dutch stadhouder). However, in 1815, after a long period as a republic, the Netherlands became a monarchy under the House of Orange-Nassau.

The dynasty was established as a result of the marriage between Hendrik III of Nassau-Breda from Germany and Claudia of Châlon-Orange from French Burgundy. Their son René of Châlon first adopted the new family name "Orange-Nassau". William I was his nephew and successor.

In the late 17th century, the family also supplied a British monarch, King William III.

Early History: the House of Nassau

The first person to be called count of Nassau was Henry I, who lived in the first half of the 13th century. His sons William and Otto split the Nassau possessions. The descendants of William became known as the Walram Line, which became important in the Nassau county. The descendants of Otto became known as the Otton Line, which inherited parts of the Nassau county, France and the Netherlands.

The House of Orange-Nassau stem from the Otton Line. The second person was Engelbert I, who offered his services to the Duke of Burgundy, married a Dutch noblewoman and inherited lands in the Netherlands, with the barony of Breda as the core of the Dutch possessions.

The importance of the Nassaus grew throughout the 15th and 16th century. Hendrik III of Nassau-Breda was appointed stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht by Charles of Ghent in the beginning of the 16th century. Henry was succeded by René of Châlon-Orange in 1538, who was, as his full name stated, Prince of Orange. When René died prematurely on the battlefield in 1544 his possessions passed to his nephew, William I of Orange. From then on the family members called themselves "Orange-Nassau"

William of Orange was befriended by Charles V and his son Philip.

The Dutch Rebellion

Although Charles V resisted the Reformation, he ruled the Dutch territories wisely moderation and regard for local customs, and he did not persecute his Protestant subjects on a large scale. Unfortunately, his son Philp II inherited his antipathy for the Protestants but not his moderation. Under the reign of Philip, a true persecution of Protestants got going and taxes were raised to an outrageous level. Discontent arose and William of Orange (with his vague Lutheran childhood) stood up for the Protestant (mainly Calvinist) inhabitants of the Netherlands. Things went badly after the Eighty Years War started in 1568, but luck turned in his advantage when Protestant rebels attacking from the North Sea captured Brielle, a coastal town in present-day South Holland in 1572. Many cities in Holland began to support William. During the 1570s he had to defend his core territories in Holland several times, but in the 1580s the inland cities in Holland were secure. William of Orange was considered a threat to Spanish rule in the area and was assissinated in 1584 by a hired killer sent by Philip.

William was succeded by his eldest son Maurits, a Protestant who proved an excellent miltary commander. His abilities as a commander and the lack of strong leadership in Spain after the death of Philip II (1598) gave Maurits excellent opportunities to conquer large parts of the present-day Dutch territory. Maurits was created stadtholder (military commander) of the Dutch Republic in 1585. In the early years of the 17th century there arose quarrels between stadtholder and oligarchist regents (a group of powerful merchants led by Johan van Oldebarnevelt) because Maurits wanted more powers in the Republic. Maurits won this power struggle by beheading Oldebarnevelt.

Expansion of Dynastical Power

Maurits died unmarried in 1625 and left no legitimate children. He was succeded by his halfbrother Frederick Henry (Dutch: Frederik Hendrik), youngest son of William I. Maurits urged his successor on his deathbed to marry as soon as possible. A few weeks after Maurits's death he married Amalia van Solms-Braunfels. Frederick Henry and Amalia had a son and several daughters. These daughters were married to important houses such as the house of Hohenzollern, but also to the Frisian Nassaus, who were stadtholders in Friesland. His only son William wedded the daugther of Charles I of England, Mary Stuart, Princess Royal. These dynastic moves were the work of Amalia.

Exile and Resurgence

Frederick Henry died in 1647 and his son succeded him. As the Treaty of Munster was about to be signed, thereby ending the Eighty Years War, William tried to extend his powers beyond the military to make his function valueable at peace. This at the great distress of the regents. When the regents of the city of Amsterdam refused some mayors he appointed, he sieged Amsterdam. The siege provoked the wrath of the regents and, unfortunately, William died of smallpox on November 6, 1650, leaving only a postumous son, William (*November 14, 1650). As there was no Prince of Orange at the death of William II, the regents used the opportunity to let the stadtholdership vacant. The newborn prince was exiled to a disgraceful life. A quarrel about the education of the young prince arose between his mother and his grandmother Amalia (who outlived her husband for 28 years). Amalia wanted an education which was pointed at the resurgence of the House of Orange to power, but Mary wanted a pure English education. The Estates of Holland meddled in the education and made William a "child of state" educated by the state. The doctrine used in this education was keeping William from rule. William became indeed very docile to the regents and the Estates.

The Dutch Republic was attacked by France and England in 1672. The miltary function of stadtholder was no longer superfluous and William was restored, and became stadtholder as William III. William successfully repelled the invasion and seized power. He became more powerful then his predecessors during the Eighty Years War. In 1677 William married Mary Stuart, daughter to future king James II. In 1688 William embarked on a mission to depose his Catholic father-in-law from the English throne. He and his wife were crowned King and Queen of England on April 11, 1689. With the accession to the English throne he became the most powerful sovereign on Earth, the only one to defeat the Sun King. That's why so many members of the House of Orange afterwards were devoted admirers of the King-Stadtholder. He died childless after a riding accident on March 8, 1702, leaving the House of Orange extinct and England to Anne.

The second Stadtholderless Era

The regents found that they had suffered under the powerful leadership of William III and declared the stadtholdership vacant for the second time. The main reason was a quarrel about the title Prince of Orange between John William Friso of the Frisian Nassaus, appointed heir in William III's will, and the King of Prussia. The King of Prussia, Friedrich I was the rightful heir by blood, grandson to Frederick Henry in the maternal line and appointed successor in the will of Frederick Henry in the case the House would die out. The solution was that both claimants were allowed to bear the title. The problem of the lands solved itself as the principality of Orange was conquered by Louis XIV in 1713. John William Friso drowned in 1711 in the Hollands Diep near Moerdijk and left a postume son William IV. He was proclaimed stadtholder of Gelderland, Overijssel, Drenthe and Utrecht in 1722. When the French invaded in 1747 William was restored as stadtholder of the whole Dutch Republic, hereditary in both male and female line.

The end of the Republic

William died in 1751, leaving his three years old son Willem V as stadtholder. As Willem V was still a minor regents ruled for him. Unfortunately, the regents were "regents". The oligarchists educated him to be uneasy to decide. It would pursue Willem during his whole life. His marriage to Wilhelmina of Prussia relieved his capriciousness a little bit. Willem's unability to rule proper was a small factor to the collapse of the Dutch Republic (a larger factor were the corrupt regents). In 1787 he survived a coup from Patriots (democratic revolutionaries) after Prussia intervened. When the French invaded in 1795 he had to flee, never to return.

After 1795 the House of Orange-Nassau faced a difficult period of surviving at other European courts (especially the Prussian and English courts). Willem V died in 1806

The Monarchy (1815-)

A new spirit: the United Kingdom of the Netherlands

When the French Empire collapsed in 1813, Willem Frederik, son of Willem V, returned to the Netherlands to become King Willem I. In 1815 Belgium and Luxemburg were added to his realm and Willem ruled over the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, trying to establish one common culture, provoking the resistance of the Belgians. In 1830 Belgium declared its independence and Willem fought a disastrous war until 1839 when he was forced to peace. With his realm halved Willem decided to abdicate in 1840. Royal power was curbed during the reign of his son Willem II in a constitution ordered by the King to prevent the Revolution of 1848 from passing along his country.

Moral decay and threat of extinction

Willem II died in 1849 and left the throne to William III, a conservative even reactionary man, sharply opposed to the 1848 constitution and constantly trying to form his own royal governments. In 1868 he tried to sell Luxemburg to France causing a quarrel between Prussia and France. The king had to put up with the constitution. Willem had un extremely unhappy marriage with Sophie von Württemberg and his heirs died young. He betrayed his wife and had a bad temper. This caused moral decay of the monarchy. His lack of heirs caused an unpleasant view on extinction. In 1879 he married Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont and he became father of a daughter and heiress, Wilhelmina. This second marriage was extremely happy. Willem died in 1890 and the House of Orange became extinct in the male line. As females weren't allowed to keep power in Luxemburg, the Grand Duchy passed to the House of Nassau-Weilburg, a collateral line. The problem of total extinction remained until 1909, when Juliana was born. The royal house remained small until the end of the 1930s when Juliana's children were born.

A modern monarchy

Wilhelmina ruled the Netherlands wisely for fifty years, from 1898 to 1948. She was a figurehead of the Dutch resistance during the Second World War. The moral authority of the monarchy was restored because of her rule. After fifty years, she decided to abdicate in favour of Juliana. Juliana made the monarchy less aloof and under her rule the monarchy became known as the "cycling monarchy"(as the members of the royal family cycled often through the countryside). A marital policy quarrel occurred in 1966 when future queen Beatrix wanted to marry Claus von Amsberg, a German diplomat. A marriage with a German was seen as controversial. Permission from the government was granted and Beatrix married him. Claus became the most popular member of the royal family and the nation morned after his death. Beatrix' government has proved to be more professional and more aloof then Juliana's. At present, the monarchy is very popular and especially the Crown Prince Willem-Alexander and his wife Maxima.

See also: Dutch monarchy

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "House of Orange-Nassau."

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Orange

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Meanings of Orange:

• Orange, the fruit of the orange tree
• Orange, a color between red and yellow, named for the fruit
• Orange, a telecommunications company
  • Orange Romania - the Romanian branch of this company
• Cities in respectively
  • Australia
  • France
  • California
  • Connecticut
  • Massachusetts
  • Ohio
  • Texas, and
  • Virginia.
• as well as a number of Orange Counties
• House of Orange-Nassau (Netherlands)
• The Orange Order, a Protestant fraternal organization
• Orange River, South Africa
• Orange Park, Florida
• Orange Free State, South Africa
• Republic of Orange, a micronation or imaginary state
• Orange, a mountain bike manufacturer

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange."

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Orange (bicycles)

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange is a bicycle manufacturer.

External link

• Orange's official website

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange (bicycles)."

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Orange (CDP), Massachusetts

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange is a town located in Franklin County, Massachusetts. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 3,945.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 15.6 km² (6.0 mi²). 15.5 km² (6.0 mi²) of it is land and 0.0 km² (0.0 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 0.17% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 3,945 people, 1,545 households, and 999 families residing in the town. The population density is 253.9/km² (657.3/mi²). There are 1,663 housing units at an average density of 107.0 persons/km² (277.1 persons/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 95.87% White, 1.22% African American, 0.25% Native American, 0.61% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.58% from other races, and 1.44% from two or more races. 1.77% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 1,545 households out of which 34.1% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.7% are married couples living together, 14.8% have a woman whose husband does not live with her, and 35.3% are non-families. 28.9% of all households are made up of individuals and 12.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.54 and the average family size is 3.11. In the town the population is spread out with 28.7% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 21.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 36 years. For every 100 females there are 97.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 90.0 males. The median income for a household in the town is $35,826, and the median income for a family is $43,704. Males have a median income of $33,769 versus $22,279 for females. The per capita income for the town is $15,550. 9.1% of the population and 5.3% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 7.9% are under the age of 18 and 15.9% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange (CDP), Massachusetts."

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Orange (colour)

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

See also Orange (disambiguation) for other meanings of the word.

The colour orange occurs between red and yellow in the visible spectrum at a wavelength of about 620-585 nanometres. It is the same colour as the fruit from which it gets its name.

Oft-cursed word of poets, having no rhyming partner in English until the advent of quorange (though door-hinge is a close approximation). "Grorange" (a color of slime made by mixing orange and green slime) did appear in one novelization of the Super Mario Brothers Nintendo games. Since "orange" refers to a species of plant, anyone could hypothetically coin a new rhyme by creating a new hybrid with an orange and another species of citrus fruit and naming it (for example, a hybrid of a kumquat and an orange could be called a "korange"). "Rhymes with Orange", in reference to this famous unrhymeability, has been used as the name of a comic strip.

On a browser that supports visual formatting in Cascading Style Sheets, the following box should appear in this color:

With natural coloring materials such as paints or crayons, orange can be derived from primary colors by mixing red and yellow.

Its contrasting color is blue.

Brown is actually on the orange part of the color spectrum.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange (colour)."

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Orange (company)

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

See also Orange (disambiguation) for other meanings of the word.

Orange is a major UK telecommunications company, initially a division of Hutchison Whampoa and a successor to their failed point to point mobile telephone system known as Rabbit. Despite being originally from the UK, it has been partly acquired by France Telecom. It is present in many parts of the world, including Australia, France, United Kingdom, Israel, Switzerland, Hong Kong SAR and Romania (see Orange Romania).

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange (company)."

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Orange (fruit)

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

See also Orange (disambiguation) for other meanings of the word.

Sweet oranges

Click for larger image

Oranges and orange juice

Click for larger image

An orange is the fruit of an orange tree, one of the most common citrus fruits, widely grown in warmer climates, and distributed worldwide. Oranges are orange in color – the color is named for the fruit, not the other way around.

The orange has a sweet-sour taste and is commonly peeled and eaten fresh, or squeezed for its juice. It has a thick bitter rind that is usually discarded, but can be used in cooking. The outer-most layer of the rind is called orange zest, and it has a similar flavor to the inner part of the orange. The white part of the rind is almost always discarded.

All citrus trees are of a single genus, Citrus, and remain largely interbreedable – that is, there is only one "superspecies" which includes lemons and limes as well as oranges. Nevertheless names have been given to the various members of the citrus family, oranges often being referred to as Citrus sinensis and Citrus aurantium.

The fruit originated in India (some say Vietnam) and was called na rangi in Sanskrit. The na rangi or naranja was translated as "norange", and in English usage a norange was back-formed into the more acceptable an orange. The same thing happened in French and Italian, but in Spanish it is still naranja. The original fruit is rather bitter compared to modern varieties, as is referred to as the sour orange (or alternately, bitter, bigarade or Seville orange). The sour taste is in fact attributed to the slight acidity of the orange's juice. It is not entirely clear if the sour orange really is the original stock or not, and it may be the case that there is no original wild orange species.

A number of varieties of orange are now cultivated widely. The sweet orange (Citrus aurantium) was first grown in Spain, and has become the most popular variety. The sweet orange will grow to different sizes and colors due to local conditions, most commonly with ten carpels (slices) inside.

A single mutation in an orchard of sweet oranges planted at a monestary in 1820 in Brazil led to the navel orange (aka Washington, Riverside or Bahia navel). A single cutting of the original was then transplanted to Riverside, California in 1870, creating a new market worldwide. The mutation caused a diapaloid (twin) fruit, with a smaller orange embedded in the outer fruit near the stem. From the outside the smaller, undeveloped, twin leaves a human navel-like formation at the top of the fruit. Navel oranges are almost always seedless, and tend to be larger than the sweet orange. They are produced without pollination (parthenocarpy).

The Valencia or Murcia orange is one of the sweet oranges used for juice extraction. It is a late-season fruit. It is a popular variety of orange when the navel oranges are out of season.

The blood orange has streaks of red in the fruit, and when squeezed the juice is often reddish. The mandarin is similar, but smaller and sweeter, and the scarlet navel is a variety with the same diapaliod mutation as the normal naval orange.

Bitter oranges are used in marmalade and as an ingredient in of the liqueurs triple sec and curacao.

Orange cultivation is a major business, and an important part of the economies of (among others) the US states of Florida and California, many Mediterranean countries, Romania, South Africa, and the 'Riverina' district around the Murray River in Australia.

Orange juice is one of the commodities traded on the New York commodities market. Brazil is the largest producer of orange juice in the world, followed by Florida.

Orange oil (produced by pressing the peel) is used in surface conditioning of wood furniture, and (along with other citrus oils) in grease removal and as a hand-cleansing agent. Orange spray (extracted from orange peels and sold commercially) is an extremely efficient cleaning agent which is environmentally friendly and non-toxic.

Orange blossom is traditionally associated with good fortune, and it was popular in bridal bouquets and headwreaths for weddings for some time (period of history? more details?). The petals of orange blossom can also be made into a delicately citrus-scented version of rosewater.

Orange blossom honey (really citrus honey) is produced by putting beehives in the citrus groves during bloom, which also pollinates seeded citrus varieties. Orange blossom honey is highly prized, and has a distinct orangy flavor.

See also: Tangerine, Mandarin orange, Kumquat, Orangewater

External links

• From norange to orange

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Food  |  List of fruits  |  List of vegetables

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange (fruit)."

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Orange (town), Massachusetts

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange is a town located in Franklin County, Massachusetts. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 7,518.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 93.2 km² (36.0 mi²). 91.6 km² (35.4 mi²) of it is land and 1.6 km² (0.6 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 1.72% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 7,518 people, 3,045 households, and 1,979 families residing in the town. The population density is 82.1/km² (212.6/mi²). There are 3,303 housing units at an average density of 36.1 persons/km² (93.4 persons/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 96.29% White, 1.06% African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.48% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.59% from other races, and 1.34% from two or more races. 1.65% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 3,045 households out of which 31.9% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.6% are married couples living together, 12.8% have a woman whose husband does not live with her, and 35.0% are non-families. 28.7% of all households are made up of individuals and 13.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.46 and the average family size is 3.02. In the town the population is spread out with 26.7% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.4% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 38 years. For every 100 females there are 92.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 87.7 males. The median income for a household in the town is $36,849, and the median income for a family is $44,128. Males have a median income of $34,367 versus $23,967 for females. The per capita income for the town is $17,361. 7.8% of the population and 5.8% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 7.4% are under the age of 18 and 10.5% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange (town), Massachusetts."

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Orange County, California

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

With a population of 2,846,289 (2000 census), Orange County is the second most populous county in the state of California and the fifth largest in the United States. It is a part of the Greater Los Angeles Area.

It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean, on the north by Los Angeles County, on the northeast by San Bernardino County, on the east by Riverside County, and on the south by San Diego County. It was named after the citrus fruit that was prevalent in the region, although it is no longer the case in recent years. The county seat is Santa Ana.

The area's warm weather and year-round beaches attract millions of tourists annually, many come to visit Disneyland or Knott's Berry Farm. Some of the most exclusive (and expensive) neighborhoods in the U.S. are located here. Other Orange County attractions include Mission San Juan Capistrano, and shopping in Costa Mesa or Newport Beach. It is home to the University of California, Irvine and the Richard Nixon Presidential Library in Yorba Linda. Surfing is also a favorite pastime.

In recent years, the county has been characterized by conflict between the older northern and newer, wealthier, southern cities over development, the building of new toll roads, and a recently defeated proposal to build an international airport at the former El Toro Marine Corps Air Station to supplement the crowded John Wayne Airport.

In U.S. Politics, Orange County has long been typified as a bastion of conservative Republicanism, however changing demographics have split the county more evenly between the two major parties as the traditionally pro-Democrat Hispanic population continues to grow. A major shift in this perception occurred in the 1996 election, when Democrat Loretta Sanchez defeated long-time conservative Republican Robert Dornan; Republicans have since made more explicit efforts to appeal to Hispanics. A plotline in the popular TV drama The West Wing involves a Democrat unexpectedly winning a seat in the United States House of Representatives from an Orange County district.

Orange County in literature and popular culture

Orange County is the place in which Kim Stanley Robinson's Three Californias Trilogy is set. These books depict three different futures of the Orange County (survivors of a nuclear war in The Wild Shore, a developers dream gone mad in The Gold Coast, and an ecotopian utopia in Pacific Edge). It is the setting of the 2002 movie Orange County. It is also the setting of the 2003 Fox Network show The O.C.

History

Orange County was created in 1889 from parts of Los Angeles County.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,455 km² (948 mi²). 2,045 km² (789 mi²) of it is land and 411 km² (159 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 16.73% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 2,846,289 people, 935,287 households, and 667,794 families residing in the county. The population density is 1,392/km² (3,606/mi²). There are 969,484 housing units at an average density of 474/km² (1,228/mi²). The racial makeup of the county is 64.81% White, 1.67% African American, 0.70% Native American, 13.59% Asian, 0.31% Pacific Islander, 14.80% from other races, and 4.12% from two or more races. 30.76% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There are 935,287 households out of which 37.00% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.90% are married couples living together, 10.70% have a female householder with no husband present, and 28.60% are non-families. 21.10% of all households are made up of individuals and 7.20% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 3.00 and the average family size is 3.48.

In the county the population is spread out with 27.00% under the age of 18, 9.40% from 18 to 24, 33.20% from 25 to 44, 20.60% from 45 to 64, and 9.90% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 33 years. For every 100 females there are 99.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 96.70 males.

The median income for a household in the county is $58,820, and the median income for a family is $64,611. Males have a median income of $45,059 versus $34,026 for females. The per capita income for the county is $25,826. 10.30% of the population and 7.00% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 13.20% are under the age of 18 and 6.20% are 65 or older.

Cities and Towns

• Aliso Viejo
• Anaheim
• Brea
• Buena Park
• Costa Mesa
• Coto de Caza
• Cypress
• Dana Point
• Foothill Ranch
• Fountain Valley
• Fullerton
• Garden Grove
• Huntington Beach
• Irvine
• La Habra
• La Palma
• Laguna Beach
• Laguna Hills
• Laguna Niguel
• Laguna Woods
• Lake Forest
• Las Flores
• Los Alamitos
• Mission Viejo
• Newport Beach
• Newport Coast
• Orange
• Placentia
• Portola Hills
• Rancho Santa Margarita
• Rossmoor
• San Clemente
• San Joaquin Hills
• San Juan Capistrano
• Santa Ana
• Seal Beach
• Stanton
• Tustin
• Tustin Foothills
• Villa Park
• Westminster
• Yorba Linda (birthplace of Richard Nixon)

External Links

The Orange County government maintains a web site at:

• County of Orange County Homepage
• Japanese Food, Markets and Restaurants in OC.
• Writing in Orange is a blog of information for writers living in this county

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange County, California."

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Orange Order

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The Orange Order is an exclusively Protestant fraternal organization largely based in the United Kingdom which also has a worldwide membership. Its role in Northern Ireland, and its anti-catholicism, has earned for it the reputation of being controversial.

History and Origins

The Orange was founded was founded in Ahoghill in Ireland in 1795 after the so-called "Battle of the Diamond" (a pitched battle between rival guilds based along sectarian lines over trading rights). It was named to commemorate the victory of the protestant William of Orange over his father-in-law the Catholic King James II at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690. Some consider that victory to have laid the foundation for the evolution of constitutional democracy in what later became the United Kingdom, by strengthening the power of parliament against the crown and by confining finally to history the concept of Divine Right of Kings. Others see it as an unconstitutional coup d'etat that produced centuries of constitutional and legal discrimination against Roman Catholics, undoing James II's policy of religious toleration.

Change in order of succession

The victory of William over James, which produced what became known as the Glorious Revolution was significant both inside and outside the Kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland, over which the controversial James II had ruled. Within all three kingdoms it led to a change in the order of succession that replaced the catholic King James and his catholic baby son by James's protestant daughter Mary II and her husband, the Prince of Orange, now King William III. No catholic would ever allowed to become monarch and within a short time members of the Royal Family were legally barred from becomng a catholic or marrying a catholic.

Increase in power of parliament

Politically, it led to a substantial increase in the power of the English (later British) parliament against the monarchy and crown, as William and Mary owed their succession not to primogeniture or inheritance (the normal means of inheriting the throne) but to parliament's decision to declare the throne vacant and offer the throne conditionally to the co-monarchs. The Bill of Rights enshrined the principles of the supremacy of parliament and of protestantism over catholicism. Its latter effect has led it to be seen as a step along the road towards parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy in the later United Kingdom.

International effects

Internationally William's victory over James had major political repercussions. It was seen as the first proper victory in battle for the League of Augsburg, the first ever alliance between Catholic & Protestant countries. William's victory was celebrated in Rome by Pope Innocent XI who ordered the singing of Te Deums in the city's major catholic churches. James's defeat was seen internationally as a defeat for James's major supporter, Europe's then major figure, the King of France.

The effects of the 'Glorious Revolution' on the Orange Order

For the Orange Order, the Glorious Revolution remains central to its appeal. It stresses the importance of the 'protestant succession' to the throne and of the triumph of parliament and its Bill of Rights and Act of Settlement as the embodiment of that that triumph. It celebrates the victory of William over James every year on 12 July.

The Twelfth

The Twelfth however remains a deeply divisive issue, not least because of allegations of "triumphalism" and "anti-catholicism" against the Orange Order in the conduct of its marches and criticism of its behaviour towards Roman Catholicism. Yet ironically most Orange Order marches in Ireland are uncontroversial; marches in the Republic of Ireland, notably in County Donegal, require minimal policing and attract non-Orange Order members, almost all Roman Catholic, to watch. However at a few flashpoints, marches have become highly controversial. To Orange Order members, the right to march anywhere on the "Queen's highway" is of fundamental importance in upholding the principles of the "Glorious Revolution". To critics, their demand to walk anywhere, even through catholic areas, is seen as "provocative", "triumphalist" and "supremacist". In addition changing geographic and religious boundaries compound problems. A classic example occurred throughout the 1990s at Gervaghy Road on the outskirts of Portadown. The Orange Order had marched the same route through open countryside for nearly two centuries. In a religiously divided Portadown, Catholics came to reside in large working clas housing estates built on fields along the Orange Order marching route. Each side demanded that their community's "rights" get priority. To the Order, that meant upholding their "right" to march their traditional route along that roadway. To nationalists and republicans, that meant the "right" to insist that, having been forced to live on the outskirts of the largely protestant town, they should not have the anti-catholic Orange Order parading down the main roadway through the new catholic area.

Ban on Catholics

Orange Order members face the threat of expulsion for attending any Roman Catholic religious ceremonies. When in the late 1990s Ulster Unionist Party leader and Northern Ireland First Minister-designate, David Trimble representing Northern Ireland attended the funeral Mass for a child murdered in a Real IRA bombing, there were demands that he be expelled by the Orange Order for attending a "Papist ceremony".

Political links

The Orange Order has strong ties with the Ulster Unionist Party, although changes in the party's membership structure mean it is fast losing its grip: for example, a former Grandmaster of the Orange Order, the Reverend Martin Smyth, and the current deputy Grandmaster, Geoffrey Donaldson, faced the threat of expulsion from the UUP. However the Order still has a large block vote on the UUP's governing Ulster Unionist Council.

There are two related organisations, the increasingly left-wing militant Apprentice Boys of Derry (named ironically after Catholic guild apprentices who refused entry and held off a besieging French army from entering Derry), whose foundations lie in urban working-class Protestant communities, and the Royal Black Preceptry. The latter has been the most willing of the marching groups not to enter so-called "Catholic" areas. Instead they march to the start of any contentious road, the lodge master shake hands with a waiting representative of the local community - usually the Chair of the local Residents Association. There is some dispute as to the RBP's origins, some suggesting that they are descended from the remenants of the Knights of the Order of St John.

The Orange Order in Canada

The Orange Order played an important role in the history of Canada where it was established in 1830. Most early members were from Ireland, but later many English, Scots, and other Protestant Europeans joined the Order. There were also Mohawk Lodges in set up in Ontario.

It was the chief social institution in Upper Canada (today's southern Ontario) and organized many community and benevolent activities. It also helped Protestant immigrants settle. The Order remained a predominant political force in southern Ontario well into the twentieth century. A notable exception to Orange predominance occurred in London, Ontario, where Catholic and Protestant Irish formed a non-sectarian Irish society in 1877.

The Orange Order played an important role in the crisis over the 1885 trial of Louis Riel for treason. The Canadian prime minister of the day, Sir John A. Macdonald is believed to have refused to commute Riel's death sentence because he calculated that there were more Orange votes to be got by hanging Riel than there were Quebec votes to be got by sparing him. He is famously quoted as saying "Riel must die though every dog in Quebec bark in his favour." This and similar interventions of the Orange Order in Canadian politics helped create the bitter divisions between French and English which characterize Canadian politics to this day.

Autonomous Grand Lodges are found in Ireland, Scotland, England, the United States, West Africa, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange Order."

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Orange River

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The Orange River is the largest river of South Africa.

It rises in the Drakensberg mountains along the border between South Africa and Lesotho, and runs westward along the southern boundary of the Free State, then through the Northern Cape area, and finally forms the southern border between South Africa and Namibia before it empties into the Atlantic Ocean at Alexander Bay, about equidistant between Walvis Bay and Cape Town.

The most notable tributary is the Vaal, which also rises in the Drakensberg east of Johannesburg and forms the boundary between Transvaal and the Free State before joining the Orange southwest of Kimberley.

Smaller tributaries of the Orange and Vaal, such as the Brak, Caledon, Harts, Klip, Modder, Mooi, and Vet, drain the entirety of the Free State, Lesotho, and much of the Cape provinces and Transvaal.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange River."

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Orange Romania

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange Romania is Romania's second largest GSM network operator in mobile telecommunications, after Connex GSM Romania. Until April 2002, they operated under the brand name Dialog. Orange has the most coverage of the country.

As of 2003, Orange Romania has 2,375,000 subscribers, which gives them 37.5% market share.

They compete with:

• Connex GSM
• Cosmorom
• Zapp Mobile (CDMA)

See also

• Largest mobile phone companies
• Communications in Romania

External link

• Orange Romania

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange Romania."

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Orange, California

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange is a city located in Orange County, California. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 128,821. It is approximately 32 miles southeast of Los Angeles, California, and is part of the Greater Los Angeles Metropolitan Area.

Geography

Orange is located at 33°48'11" North, 117°49'57" West (33.802945, -117.832506)¹.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 61.9 km² (23.9 mi²). 60.6 km² (23.4 mi²) of it is land and 1.3 km² (0.5 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 2.13% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 128,821 people, 40,930 households, and 30,165 families residing in the city. The population density is 2,126.5/km² (5,506.4/mi²). There are 41,904 housing units at an average density of 691.7/km² (1,791.2/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 70.50% White, 1.60% African American, 0.78% Native American, 9.32% Asian, 0.23% Pacific Islander, 13.82% from other races, and 3.75% from two or more races. 32.16% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There are 40,930 households out of which 37.1% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.1% are married couples living together, 11.6% have a female householder with no husband present, and 26.3% are non-families. 19.5% of all households are made up of individuals and 6.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 3.02 and the average family size is 3.43.

In the city the population is spread out with 26.7% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 33.3% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 9.6% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 33 years. For every 100 females there are 100.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 98.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city is $58,994, and the median income for a family is $64,573. Males have a median income of $42,144 versus $34,159 for females. The per capita income for the city is $24,294. 10.0% of the population and 6.8% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 12.5% are under the age of 18 and 7.5% are 65 or older.

History

In 1869, Andrew Glassell and Alfred Chapman received as payment for legal services 1,400 acres of land from Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana, which they quickly subdivided into a one-square-mile town with numerous ten-acre farm lots surrounding it. The small town was constructed around a central Plaza, which still exists today. The small town grew slowly, incorporating in 1888.

Like most cities in Orange County, California, growth was slow and steady until the 1950's, when a real-estate boom spurred development. Motivated by the development of a region-wide freeway system which connected Los Angeles' urban center with outerlying areas like Orange, large tracts of housing were developed from the 1950's to the early-1970's, and continues (at a slower pace) today at the eastern edge of the city.

Points of Interest

The one square mile around the original Plaza (which is at the intersection of the appropriately-named Chapman Avenue and Glassell Street) contains many of the original structures built in the period after the city's incorporation. It is a vibrant commercial district, containing Orange County's oldest operating bank, the oldest operating soda fountain, and many excellent examples of Victorian and Craftsman-style homes. Because of its classic "small town" look, many movies have been filmed using the Historic District, including the recent Tom Hanks film That Thing You Do

The Block, a major shopping and entertainment center for the region, is located on the westen edge of the city.

Orange borders Anaheim, California, the home of Disneyland. Edison International Field (the current home of the Anaheim Angels baseball club) and the Arrowhead Pond (home of the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim hockey team) is located just inside Anaheim's eastern border with Orange.

Education

Orange is home to Chapman University and Santiago Canyon College. Also, the nearby University of California, Irvine operates a medical school and teaching hospital in Orange.

Transportation

Like most cities in the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area, the primary means of transportation is the automobile. Orange is situated near many intra-regional freeways, and one Interstate (Interstate 5, also known as the "Santa Ana Freeway"). The junction of Interstate 5 and two state freeways (SR-57 "Orange Freeway" and SR-22 "Garden Grove Freeway"), commonly called the "Orange Crush", is one of the busiest interchanges in Orange County and is located on the southwestern edge of the city. The eastern side of the city is served by the Eastern and Foothill Toll Roads, two of California's first toll highways, and connects Orange with the cities of Irvine, California and Rancho Santa Margarita, California.

Orange is also connected to Los Angeles by the Metrolink regional commuter rail network. The Metrolink station is housed in a 1930s-era Santa Fe railway station in the downtown Historic District, and was originally a stop on the Pacific Electric railway line.

While it has no airport of its own, the nearby John Wayne Airport (SNA) in Santa Ana, California provides daily scheduled airline service.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange, California."

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Orange, Connecticut

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange is a town located in New Haven County, Connecticut. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 13,233.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 45.1 km² (17.4 mi²). 44.5 km² (17.2 mi²) of it is land and 0.6 km² (0.2 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 1.38% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 13,233 people, 4,739 households, and 3,895 families residing in the town. The population density is 297.2/km² (770.0/mi²). There are 4,870 housing units at an average density of 109.4 persons/km² (283.4 persons/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 94.08% White, 0.79% African American, 0.08% Native American, 3.84% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.32% from other races, and 0.88% from two or more races. 1.44% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 4,739 households out of which 35.1% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.1% are married couples living together, 6.7% have a woman whose husband does not live with her, and 17.8% are non-families. 15.7% of all households are made up of individuals and 10.0% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.77 and the average family size is 3.09. In the town the population is spread out with 24.6% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 24.5% from 25 to 44, 26.7% from 45 to 64, and 19.9% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 43 years. For every 100 females there are 94.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 91.1 males. The median income for a household in the town is $79,365, and the median income for a family is $88,583. Males have a median income of $58,946 versus $41,563 for females. The per capita income for the town is $36,471. 2.5% of the population and 2.1% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 1.4% are under the age of 18 and 4.3% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange, Connecticut."

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Orange, France

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

See also Orange (disambiguation) for other meanings of the word.

Orange is a city in the département of Vaucluse, in the south of France.

Its Roman theatre, together with its surroundings and the "Triumphal Arch" have been listed by the UNESCO as one of the World Heritage Sites (1981). The Roman city was known as Colonia Julia Firma Secundanorum Arausio.

See also: Prince of Orange, House of Orange-Nassau

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange, France."

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Orange, New Hampshire

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange is a town located in Grafton County, New Hampshire. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 299.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 60.2 km² (23.2 mi²). 60.1 km² (23.2 mi²) of it is land and 0.1 km² (0.04 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 0.17% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 299 people, 111 households, and 85 families residing in the town. The population density is 5.0/km² (12.9/mi²). There are 134 housing units at an average density of 2.2/km² (5.8/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 99.67% White, 0.00% African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.33% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.00% from other races, and 0.00% from two or more races. 0.33% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 111 households out of which 33.3% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.5% are married couples living together, 8.1% have a female householder with no husband present, and 23.4% are non-families. 15.3% of all households are made up of individuals and 4.5% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.69 and the average family size is 2.98. In the town the population is spread out with 25.1% under the age of 18, 5.0% from 18 to 24, 35.5% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 9.4% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 38 years. For every 100 females there are 110.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 103.6 males. The median income for a household in the town is $41,250, and the median income for a family is $40,625. Males have a median income of $34,750 versus $25,938 for females. The per capita income for the town is $17,456. 6.6% of the population and 6.3% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 6.0% are under the age of 18 and 3.2% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange, New Hampshire."

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Orange, New Jersey

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange is a town located in Essex County, New Jersey. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 32,868.

The actor Roy Scheider was born here in 1932. The American Civil War general and later New Jersey governor George McClellan died here in 1885.

Geography

Orange is located at 40°46'6" North, 74°14'10" West (40.768300, -74.236031)¹.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 5.7 km² (2.2 mi²). 5.7 km² (2.2 mi²) of it is land and none of it is covered by water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 32,868 people, 11,885 households, and 7,642 families residing in the town. The population density is 5,742.3/km² (14,903.7/mi²). There are 12,665 housing units at an average density of 2,212.7/km² (5,742.8/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 13.20% White, 75.10% African American, 0.34% Native American, 1.26% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 5.21% from other races, and 4.79% from two or more races. 12.47% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There are 11,885 households out of which 33.4% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 30.7% are married couples living together, 26.3% have a female householder with no husband present, and 35.7% are non-families. 30.2% of all households are made up of individuals and 10.5% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.73 and the average family size is 3.38.

In the town the population is spread out with 27.7% under the age of 18, 10.0% from 18 to 24, 32.2% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 10.8% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 32 years. For every 100 females there are 86.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 79.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town is $35,759, and the median income for a family is $40,852. Males have a median income of $33,442 versus $29,520 for females. The per capita income for the town is $16,861. 18.8% of the population and 15.4% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 24.6% are under the age of 18 and 16.7% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange, New Jersey."

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Orange, New York

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange is a town located in Schuyler County, New York. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 1,752.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 141.0 km² (54.4 mi²). 140.1 km² (54.1 mi²) of it is land and 0.9 km² (0.3 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 0.61% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 1,752 people, 523 households, and 408 families residing in the town. The population density is 12.5/km² (32.4/mi²). There are 666 housing units at an average density of 4.8/km² (12.3/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 87.90% White, 9.02% African American, 0.11% Native American, 0.34% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 1.54% from other races, and 1.08% from two or more races. 5.08% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 523 households out of which 39.4% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.1% are married couples living together, 8.8% have a female householder with no husband present, and 21.8% are non-families. 17.8% of all households are made up of individuals and 7.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.76 and the average family size is 3.11. In the town the population is spread out with 25.9% under the age of 18, 19.7% from 18 to 24, 24.8% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 8.7% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 30 years. For every 100 females there are 142.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 148.7 males. The median income for a household in the town is $37,167, and the median income for a family is $42,500. Males have a median income of $31,940 versus $23,854 for females. The per capita income for the town is $12,409. 16.0% of the population and 13.3% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 23.2% are under the age of 18 and 8.0% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange, New York."

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Orange, Ohio

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange is a village located in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. As of the 2000 census, the village had a total population of 3,236.

Geography

Orange is located at 41°26'44" North, 81°28'31" West (41.445454, -81.475182)¹. According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 9.8 km² (3.8 mi²). 9.8 km² (3.8 mi²) of it is land and none of the area is covered with water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 3,236 people, 1,170 households, and 959 families residing in the village. The population density is 328.8/km² (851.4/mi²). There are 1,236 housing units at an average density of 125.6/km² (325.2/mi²). The racial makeup of the village is 81.46% White, 12.64% African American, 0.06% Native American, 4.20% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 0.25% from other races, and 1.30% from two or more races. 0.71% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 1,170 households out of which 41.6% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.5% are married couples living together, 8.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 18.0% are non-families. 16.3% of all households are made up of individuals and 9.1% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.75 and the average family size is 3.10. In the village the population is spread out with 28.8% under the age of 18, 3.4% from 18 to 24, 21.8% from 25 to 44, 29.4% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 43 years. For every 100 females there are 97.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 89.9 males. The median income for a household in the village is $89,660, and the median income for a family is $102,206. Males have a median income of $77,865 versus $37,667 for females. The per capita income for the village is $46,296. 3.6% of the population and 2.3% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 5.2% are under the age of 18 and 1.1% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange, Ohio."

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Orange, Texas

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange is a city located in Orange County, Texas. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 18,643. It is the county seat of Orange County⁶.

Geography

Orange is located at 30°6'33" North, 93°45'33" West (30.109217, -93.759133)¹. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 53.8 km² (20.8 mi²). 52.0 km² (20.1 mi²) of it is land and 1.8 km² (0.7 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 3.32% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 18,643 people, 7,310 households, and 5,021 families residing in the city. The population density is 358.5/km² (928.5/mi²). There are 8,364 housing units at an average density of 160.8/km² (416.6/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 60.59% White, 35.36% African American, 0.38% Native American, 1.17% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 1.08% from other races, and 1.35% from two or more races. 3.62% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 7,310 households out of which 31.6% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.5% are married couples living together, 18.3% have a female householder with no husband present, and 31.3% are non-families. 28.3% of all households are made up of individuals and 12.3% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.47 and the average family size is 3.01. In the city the population is spread out with 27.4% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 36 years. For every 100 females there are 92.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 86.2 males. The median income for a household in the city is $29,519, and the median income for a family is $37,473. Males have a median income of $37,238 versus $21,445 for females. The per capita income for the city is $16,535. 22.9% of the population and 20.5% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 34.0% are under the age of 18 and 16.0% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange, Texas."

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Orange, Vermont

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange is a town located in Orange County, Vermont. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 965.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 101.0 km² (39.0 mi²). 100.4 km² (38.8 mi²) of it is land and 0.6 km² (0.2 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 0.59% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 965 people, 362 households, and 278 families residing in the town. The population density is 9.6/km² (24.9/mi²). There are 422 housing units at an average density of 4.2/km² (10.9/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 98.55% White, 0.00% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.52% from other races, and 0.62% from two or more races. 1.55% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 362 households out of which 37.3% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.9% are married couples living together, 6.6% have a female householder with no husband present, and 23.2% are non-families. 16.9% of all households are made up of individuals and 4.4% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.67 and the average family size is 3.03. In the town the population is spread out with 27.0% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 27.0% from 45 to 64, and 10.6% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 38 years. For every 100 females there are 97.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 97.8 males. The median income for a household in the town is $40,300, and the median income for a family is $44,375. Males have a median income of $32,500 versus $22,614 for females. The per capita income for the town is $16,356. 7.1% of the population and 6.7% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 3.5% are under the age of 18 and 8.0% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange, Vermont."

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Orange, Virginia

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange is a town located in Orange County, Virginia. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 4,123. It is the county seat of Orange County⁶.

Geography

Orange is located at 38°14'45" North, 78°6'35" West (38.245894, -78.109786)¹. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 8.4 km² (3.2 mi²). 8.4 km² (3.2 mi²) of it is land and 0.31% is water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 4,123 people, 1,607 households, and 1,010 families residing in the town. The population density is 491.3/km² (1,274.1/mi²). There are 1,712 housing units at an average density of 204.0/km² (529.0/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 76.84% White, 20.96% African American, 0.19% Native American, 0.34% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.68% from other races, and 0.99% from two or more races. 1.70% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 1,607 households out of which 30.6% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.1% are married couples living together, 18.7% have a female householder with no husband present, and 37.1% are non-families. 32.7% of all households are made up of individuals and 16.2% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.28 and the average family size is 2.87. In the town the population is spread out with 22.5% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 19.7% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 38 years. For every 100 females there are 86.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 84.1 males. The median income for a household in the town is $28,576, and the median income for a family is $38,103. Males have a median income of $30,439 versus $19,233 for females. The per capita income for the town is $16,805. 21.2% of the population and 16.1% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 27.9% are under the age of 18 and 15.9% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange, Virginia."

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Orange, Wisconsin

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Orange is a town located in Juneau County, Wisconsin. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 549.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 91.0 km² (35.1 mi²). 91.0 km² (35.1 mi²) of it is land and 0.03% is water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 549 people, 221 households, and 154 families residing in the town. The population density is 6.0/km² (15.6/mi²). There are 261 housing units at an average density of 2.9/km² (7.4/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 99.27% White, 0.00% African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.00% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.36% from other races, and 0.36% from two or more races. 0.91% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 221 households out of which 24.4% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.8% are married couples living together, 3.6% have a female householder with no husband present, and 29.9% are non-families. 23.1% of all households are made up of individuals and 12.2% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.48 and the average family size is 2.94. In the town the population is spread out with 23.9% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 28.2% from 45 to 64, and 17.5% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 42 years. For every 100 females there are 103.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 113.3 males. The median income for a household in the town is $35,909, and the median income for a family is $38,438. Males have a median income of $30,313 versus $20,000 for females. The per capita income for the town is $17,788. 15.2% of the population and 9.7% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 29.9% are under the age of 18 and 6.9% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Orange, Wisconsin."

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Synonyms within Context: Orange

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Modern Usage: Orange

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Commercial Usage: Orange