Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
| Domain | Definition |
Health | The process by which the two strands of a DNA double helix separate, allowing each strand to act as a template for the synthesis of a complementary strand by specific base pairing. Includes autonomous but not virus replication. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
DNA replication is the process of copying a double-stranded DNA strand, prior to cell division (in eukaryotes, during the S phase). The two resulting double strands are identical (if the replication went well), and each of them consists of one original and one newly synthesized strand. This is called semiconservative replication. The process of replication consists of three steps, initiation, replication and termination.
In the initiation step, several key factors are recruited to an origin of replication. This is a sequence that is rich in adenine-thymine base pairs, which are more easily separated than cytosine-guanine base pairs. Once the strands are initially unwound, several factors come into play. The partially unwound strands form a "replication bubble", with one "replication fork" on either end. Each group of enzymes at the replication fork proceeds away from the origin, unwinding and replicating the DNA strands as they move.
The factors involved are:
After the helicase unwinds the DNA, single-strand binding protein is used to hold the DNA strands in place. RNA primase is then binded to the starting DNA site.
At the beginning of replication, an enzyme called DNA polymerase binds to the RNA primase, which indicates the starting point for the replication. DNA polymerase can only travel from the 5’ to 3’. Because DNA has an unique antiparallel structure, the DNA polymerase can only travel on one side of the strand without any interruption. This strand, which goes from 3’ to 5’, is called a leading strand. The opposite strand, from 5’ to 3’, is a lagging strand.
Since the DNA replication on the lagging strand is not continuous, a new DNA polymerase has to be added each time as the helicase unwinds more DNA. As a result, the replicated DNA is fragmented, called Okazaki fragments. Another enzyme, DNA ligase, is used to connect the fragments.Initiation
Replication
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "DNA replication."
Crosswords: DNA REPLICATION |
| Specialty definitions using "DNA REPLICATION": Adenovirus E2 Proteins, Adenovirus Early Proteins ♦ Base Pair Mismatch ♦ Hydroxyphenylazouracil ♦ Interphase ♦ Okazaki fragment, ori, ori region, origin of replication ♦ Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen, Pyrimidine Dimers ♦ Replication Origin. (references) |
| Domain | Title |
Books |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
dna replication | 122 |
dna replication animation | 7 |
dna replication steps | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "DNA REPLICATION"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||
Danish | duplikering (copying, doubling, duplicating, duplication), DNA-replikation, replikation (duplication, replication). (various references) | ||||||||||
Dutch | verdubbeling van DNA. (various references) | ||||||||||
Finnish | DNA:n kahdentuminen. (various references) | ||||||||||
French | duplication, réplication de l'ADN, réplication. (various references) | ||||||||||
German | DNS-Replikation, Replikation (replication), Autoduplikation. (various references) | ||||||||||
Greek | αντιγραφή (copy, copying, crib, tracing, transcription), διπλασιασμός του DNA. (various references) | ||||||||||
Italian | duplicazione (duplication), replicazione del DNA, replicazione (replication). (various references) | ||||||||||
Pig Latin | adnay eplicationray duplicación (doubling, duplication). (various references) | ||||||||||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-a-c-d-e-i-i-l-n-n-o-p-r-t" | |
-2 letters: deracination. | |
-3 letters: declaration, declination, directional, eradication, predication, redactional, replication. | |
-4 letters: acetanilid, alienation, antipodean, antipolice, crinolined, depilation, epicardial, ideational, incarnated, incidental, inordinate, internodal, laceration, noncapital, paediatric, pancreatin, patricidal, periodical, pratincole, prediction. | |
-5 letters: acropetal, aleatoric, alienator, analeptic, androecia, anecdotal, antialien, anticline, antinodal, antipodal, aperiodic, cadential, candlepin, cantilena, cantorial, caprioled, captained, captioned, carinated, carnation, carnelian, carnitine, clarioned. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Crosswords 2. Usage: Commercial 3. Expressions: Internet 4. Translations: Modern | 5. Anagrams 6. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
