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Definition: Crucifixion |
CrucifixionNoun1. The act of executing by a method widespread in the ancient world; the victim's hands and feet are bound or nailed to a cross. 2. The death of Jesus on the cross. 3. The infliction of extremely painful punishment or suffering. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "crucifixion" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Bible | Crucifixion a common mode of punishment among heathen nations in early times. It is not certain whether it was known among the ancient Jews; probably it was not. The modes of capital punishment according to the Mosaic law were, by the sword (Ex. 21), strangling, fire (Lev. 20), and stoning (Deut. 21). This was regarded as the most horrible form of death, and to a Jew it would acquire greater horror from the curse in Deut. 21:23. This punishment began by subjecting the sufferer to scourging. In the case of our Lord, however, his scourging was rather before the sentence was passed upon him, and was inflicted by Pilate for the purpose, probably, of exciting pity and procuring his escape from further punishment (Luke 23:22; John 19:1). The condemned one carried his own cross to the place of execution, which was outside the city, in some conspicuous place set apart for the purpose. Before the nailing to the cross took place, a medicated cup of vinegar mixed with gall and myrrh (the sopor) was given, for the purpose of deadening the pangs of the sufferer. Our Lord refused this cup, that his senses might be clear (Matt. 27:34). The spongeful of vinegar, sour wine, posca, the common drink of the Roman soldiers, which was put on a hyssop stalk and offered to our Lord in contemptuous pity (Matt. 27:48; Luke 23:36), he tasted to allay the agonies of his thirst (John 19:29). The accounts given of the crucifixion of our Lord are in entire agreement with the customs and practices of the Roman in such cases. He was crucified between two "malefactors" (Isa. 53:12; Luke 23:32), and was watched by a party of four soldiers (John 19:23; Matt. 27:36, 54), with their centurion. The "breaking of the legs" of the malefactors was intended to hasten death, and put them out of misery (John 19:31); but the unusual rapidity of our Lord's death (19:33) was due to his previous sufferings and his great mental anguish. The omission of the breaking of his legs was the fulfilment of a type (Ex. 12:46). He literally died of a broken heart, a ruptured heart, and hence the flowing of blood and water from the wound made by the soldier's spear (John 19:34). Our Lord uttered seven memorable words from the cross, namely, (1) Luke 23:34; (2) 23:43; (3) John 19:26; (4) Matt. 27:46, Mark 15:34; (5) John 19:28; (6) 19:30; (7) Luke 23:46. Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary. |
Dream Interpretation | If you chance to dream of the crucifixion, you will see your opportunities slip away, tearing your hopes from your grasp, and leaving you wailing over the frustration of desires. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A crucifix amidst the cornfields
near Mureck in rural Styria, AustriaThe crucifix is a principal symbol of the Christian religion, being a cross with an attached figure of Jesus Christ (the corpus). It is primarily used in Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Anglican circles, and emphasizes Christ's sacrifice. Other Protestant denominations prefer to depict the cross without the corpus, to emphasize the resurrection.
A crucifix is often worn on a necklace as an item of jewelry, or is attached to a rosary.
See also:
See Crucifix (band) For information about the US punk band of that name.
- Christian cross
- crucifixion
- Christian symbolism
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Crucifix."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Crucifixion is a method of execution in which the victim is nailed or tied—usually naked—to a large wooden cross (crucifix) and left to hang there until dead. Simply binding the victim's limbs to the cross with rope is thought to have been the most common method; nailing the victim to the cross was reserved for especially serious cases. Death may come by exposure, but more often it comes by way of suffocation: as the victim becomes weaker, they cannot support their body's weight and their lungs become laboriously constricted.
Contrary to popular religious depictions of crucifixion, victims were never nailed to the cross through the palms of the hands without the wrists being tied to the cross arm as the flesh of the hands cannot support the victim's entire body weight; the person would simply fall off. If not nailed through the hand, the stake would have been driven through the wrist (between the radia and the ulna) by tapered iron spikes approximately 5 to 7 in (13 to 18 cm) long with a square shaft 3/8 in (1 cm) across.
There can be several contributing causes of death by crucifixion: physical shock, dehydration, exhaustion, asphyxiation due to collapse of chest muscles, and loss of blood. Death could come in hours or days, depending on exact methods, the prisoner's health and environmental circumstances.
Crucifixion probably originated with ancient Persians. There is evidence that captured pirates were crucified in the port of Athens in the 7th century BC. Alexander the Great introduced the practice throughout his empire. He once crucified a general that disagreed with his campaign plans.
The Crucifixion of Jesus Christ, by Matthias Grunewald
The Romans
Romans adopted the custom from Carthage and used it for rebels, slaves and especially despised enemies or criminals. They used it during Spartacus rebellion, during the Roman Civil War and the destruction of Jerusalem. Crucifixion was considered a dishonourable way to die.The prisoner usually had to carry the horizontal beam to the place of execution, not necessarily the whole cross. If the crucifixion happened in an established place of execution, the vertical beam was probably permanently embedded in the ground.
The Romans often broke the prisoner's legs to hasten death. Burial afterwards was not usually permitted. In some cases, the nails were gathered afterwards and used as healing amulets.
The Roman Empire abolished crucifixion when Christianity became the state religion. Some medieval Muslim rulers used it sporadically.
Medieval Japan
The Japanese method of crucification, used before and during the Tokugawa Shogunate, was different. The victim — usually a sentenced criminal — was hoisted upon a T-shaped cross. Then, executioners killed him with spears. The body was left to hang for a time before burial.
Mesoamerica
There were some reports that after the Spanish conquest of Mesoamerica in the 16th century, in some places where Christianity had been introduced in as yet only an incomplete and superficial way, there were incidents of natives performing human sacrifice by crucifiction.
Modern crucifixions
Crucifixion, while rare in recent times, has been used in recent wars, such as in Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge and during the Sino-Japanese war, where it was used among the many methods of torture and execution used by Japanese soldiers against Chinese civilians--largely in emulation of cruel military practices by their medieval ancestry.During World War I, there were persistent rumors that German soldiers had crucified an Allied (Canadian) soldier on a tree or barn door with bayonets or combat knives. The report was initially reported by Sergeant Hary Band of the Canadian First Division. His report of the 1915 account is as follows:
"On 24 April at St Julien I saw a small party of Germans about 50 yards away. I lay still and in about half an hour they left. I saw what appeared to be a man in British uniform. I was horrified to see that the man was literally crucified, being fastened to the post by eight bayonets.
"He was suspended about 18" from the ground, the bayonets being driven through his legs, shoulders, throat and testicles. At his feet lay an English rifle, broken and covered with blood"
The event supposedly happened to, according to a Red Cross Nurse and multiple testimonies from men of the same unit, a Harry Banks of Canadian 48th Highland Regiment. Although this issue is still under debate by scholars.
This story was widely used in the black propaganda of the time, together with a similar rumor that Germans had bayoneted Belgian babies. Such rumours made for highly graphic and disturbing pictures and were ideal for helping to demonize the enemy.
After the war, investigators tried to determine the veracity of the story of the crucified soldier, but it was inconclusive.
There are persistent stories that crucifixions continue to occur in certain parts of Africa.
Some very devout Catholic Filipinos get themselves crucified for a limited time in Passion Week to imitate the suffering of Christ.
Famous crucifixions
- Jesus Christ
- Spartacus's revolt — Spartacus himself died in battle, but approximately 6,000 of his followers were crucified along the 200 km. road between Capua and Rome, as a warning to any other would-be rebels.
- Peter (according to tradition, Peter crucified upside down at his own request, as he did not feel worthy to die the same way as Jesus)
- Andrew (according to tradition crucified on an X-shaped cross, hence the name St. Andrew's Cross.)
- Archbishop Joachim of Nizhny Novgorod (crucified upside down, on the Royal Doors of the Cathedral in Sevastopol, USSR in 1920)
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Crucifixion."
Synonym: CrucifixionSynonym: excruciation (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Physical Pain | Anguish, agony; torment, torture; rack; cruciation, crucifixion; martyrdom, toad under a harrow, vivisection. |
Punishment | Capital punishment; execution; lethal injection; the gas chamber; hanging;Verb: electrocution, rail-riding, scarpines; decapitation, decollation; garrotte, garrotto; crucifixion, impalement; firing squad; martyrdom; auto-da-fe; noyade; happy dispatch. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Crucifixion |
| English words defined with "crucifixion": Christophany, crown of thorns ♦ Good Friday ♦ Holy cross, Holy Ghost, Holy Spirit ♦ Last Supper, Lord's Supper ♦ passion, Passion flower, Passion music ♦ Sudarium ♦ The Lord's Supper ♦ Wandering Jew. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "crucifixion": Cainites, Cockle Shells, Crillon ♦ Dead Pan ♦ Pike's Head, Pontius Pilate's Body-Guard ♦ Relics ♦ Wine Mingled with Myrrh. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Crucifixion" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses. French (crucifixion). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Oh you'll probably get away with crucifixion. (Life of Brian; writing credit: Graham Chapman; John Cleese) If every vampire who said he was at the Crucifixion was actually there, it would've been like Woodstock (Buffy the Vampire Slayer; writing credit: Doreen Spicer) When I kill the Slayer, it will be the greatest event since the Crucifixion, and I should know (Buffy the Vampire Slayer; writing credit: Doreen Spicer) | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Crucifixion (1971) Crucifixion (1953) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Church of Elijah the Prophet (1647-50), west entrance, with fresco of the Crucifixion, Yaroslavl', Russia. Credit: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540. |  | Log Church of the Prophet Elijah (1690-96), interior, ceiling painting of Crucifixion, Belozersk, Russia. Credit: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. |
 | A crucifixion in the time of the Romans. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Kheiralla, Dr., Armenian manuscript illumination of the Crucifixion. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Paintings. Crucifixion by Giovanni. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Statues and sculpture. Crucifixion. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Dunbarton College. Crucifixion outside shrine at Dunbarton College. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | The Crucifixion. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Crucifixion. Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | We will say, by the way, the inhumation of Mother Crucifixion under the convent altar is, to us, a perfectly venial thing |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Human Rights | Angola | There were no reports of any action taken against the UNITA rebels responsible for the following killings in 2000: The August killing of four civilians during an attack on the town of Catete; the July attack on an orphanage in Huambo province in which a teenager was killed; the July attack on a residential school and training center in Huambo Province in which 1 boy was killed; the June unconfirmed discovery of 17 mass graves in the Bie province, each containing more than 100 bodies; the May attack on a hospital in Camacupa; the March stoning and crucifixion of 6 children for allegedly giving information to the Government; the February attack on Santa Clara in Cunene province in which at least 26 civilians were killed; the February killing of 3 civilians in Shinyungwe village; and the January killing of 2 civilians outside of Rundu. (references) |
Political Economy | Sudan | In a 1999 case involving ethnic clashes in the Darfur region in the west, an emergency court sentenced 10 persons to hanging and subsequent crucifixion. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Crucifixion" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Crucifixion" is used about 158 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 158 | 24,965 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "crucifixion"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | kryqëzim (calvary, circus, cross, crossing, hybridization, junction). (various references) | |
Arabic | صلب المسيح, صلب (adamant, aguish, callosity, callous, cast iron, concrete, consolidate, corneous, cross oneself, crucify, cruel, firm, harden, horny, inflexible, loin, metallic, out and out, persistent, ramrod, resistant, rigid, robust, sear, solid, solidary, stabile, stark, stiff, stiffen, stubborn, temper, tenacious, tough, unkind, unyielding), صورة تمثل صلب المسيح. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | разпъване на кръст. (various references) | |
Czech | ukřižování. (various references) | |
Finnish | ristiinnaulinta. (various references) | |
French | crucifixion, crucifiement, mise en croix. (various references) | |
German | Kreuzigung. (various references) | |
Greek | σταύρωση (crossing). (various references) | |
Hebrew | "צלב" (crossbreeding), "צטלבות (crossing, intersection), צליב" (gallows, hanging, scaffold). (various references) | |
Hungarian | keresztre feszítés. (various references) | |
Indonesian | penyaliban. (various references) | |
Italian | crocifissione. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | "刑 . (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | たっけい, はりつけ (paste). (various references) | |
Manx | crossey (blacklist, cross, crucify, interdiction, reel, thwart, veto). (various references) | |
Norwegian | korsfestelse. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ucifixioncray.(various references) | |
Portuguese | crucificação. (various references) | |
Romanian | crucificare, rãstignire pe cruce. (various references) | |
Russian | страдания (cross, pains), распятие на кресте, распятие (cross, crucifix), муки (torture). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | raspeće (rood). (various references) | |
Spanish | crucifixión. (various references) | |
Swedish | korsfästelse. (various references) | |
Turkish | çarmıha germe. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | страждання (affliction, agony, bale, gyp, heartache, infliction, misery, pain, pathos, sufferance, suffering, torment, travail, tribulation), розпинання на хресті. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | tượng Chúa bị đóng đinh trên thánh giá. (various references) | |
Welsh | croeshoeliad. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "crucifixion": crucifixions. (additional references) | |
| |
"Crucifixion" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: crucifiction, crucifixtion. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "crucifixion" (pronounced kruw'sufi"kshun) |
| 6 | -f i" k sh u n | fiction, nonfiction. |
| 5 | -i" k sh u n | addiction, affliction, benediction, constriction, contradiction, conviction, depiction, dereliction, diction, eviction, friction, infliction, interdiction, jurisdiction, prediction, restriction. |
| 4 | -k sh u n | faction, abstraction, abduction, action, advection, affection, attraction, auction, circumspection, collection, complexion, compunction, concoction, conduction, confection, conjunction, connection, construction, contraction, convection, correction, deconstruction, deduction, defection, destruction, detection, diffraction, direction, disaffection, disconnection, disinfection, dissatisfaction, dissection, distinction, distraction, dysfunction, ejection, election, erection, exaction, extinction, extraction, flexion, fraction, function, imperfection, inaction, induction, infarction, infection, inflection, infraction, injection, injunction, inspection, instruction, insurrection, interaction, interconnection, interjection, intersection, introduction, introspection, junction, liposuction, liquefaction, malfunction, midsection, objection, obstruction, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, perfection, predilection, preelection, production, projection, protection, reaction, recollection, reconstruction, redirection, reduction, reelection, reflection, reinspection, reintroduction, rejection, reproduction, resurrection, retraction, sanction, satisfaction, section, seduction, selection, subsection, subtraction, suction, traction, transaction, transection. |
| 3 | -sh u n | facilitation, falsification, fascination, fashion, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, figuration, filtration, fission, abrogation, absolution, absorption, academician, acceleration, accession, acclimation, accommodation, abbreviation, abdication, aberration, abolition, abomination, abortion, accreditation, accretion, accumulation, accusation, acidification, acquisition, activation, adaptation, addition, adjudication, administration, admiration, admission, admonition, adoption, adoration, adulation, advocation, affectation, affiliation, affirmation, agglomeration, aggravation, aggression, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, alliteration, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, alternation, amalgamation, ambition, amelioration, ammunition, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, antiabortion, anticipation, anticorruption, antidiscrimination, apparition, appellation, application, apportion, appreciation, apprehension, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, ascension, ashen, aspiration, assassination, assertion, assimilation, association, assumption, attention, attribution, attrition, audition, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, beautician, bifurcation, brutalization, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, caption, carburetion, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, caution, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, circulation, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, clinician, coagulation, coalition, codification, coercion, cogeneration, cogitation, cognition, cohabitation, collaboration, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, commission, commotion, communication, communization, compassion, compensation, competition, compilation, completion, complication, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conception, conceptualization, concession, conciliation, concussion, condemnation, condensation, condescension, condition, confabulation, confederation, confession, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, conniption, connotation, conscription, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, constitution, consultation, consummation, consumption, contamination, contemplation, contention, continuation, contortion, contraception, contraption, contribution, contrition, convention, conversation, convocation, convolution, convulsion, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correlation, corroboration, corruption, counterrevolution, creation, cremation, criminalization, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, cushion, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, deception, decertification, decimation, declaration, decommission, decomposition, decompression, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, defamation, definition, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deletion, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demolition, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, demotion, denationalization, denomination, dentition, denuclearization, denunciation, depletion, depopulation, deportation, deposition, depravation, depreciation, depredation, depression, deprivation, deregulation, derivation, desalination, desalinization, description, desecration, desegregation, desertion, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, destitution, detention, deterioration, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, devolution, devotion, dictation, dietitian, differentiation, digression, dilatation, dilation, dilution, dimension, diminution, discoloration, discontinuation, discretion, discrimination, discussion, disembarkation, disinclination, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disposition, disputation, disqualification, disruption, dissemination, dissension, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, dissolution, distillation, distortion, distribution, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, echolocation, edification, edition, education, egyptian, ejaculation, elaboration, elation, electrician, electrification, electrocution, elevation, elimination, elocution, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emission, emotion, emulation, emulsion, encryption, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, erudition, eruption, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, evocation, evolution, exacerbation, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, exception, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exfoliation, exhalation, exhibition, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expansion, expatriation, expectation, expedition, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, exposition, expression, expropriation, expulsion, extension, extermination, extortion, extradition, extrapolation, fabrication, fixation, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formalization, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fragmentation, freshen, fruition, frustration, fumigation, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentian, gentrification, geriatrician, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gumption, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hessian, hibernation, homogenization, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, hypertension, hypotension, identification, ignition, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impassion, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, imposition, impregnation, impression, improvisation, imputation, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inception, incineration, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indiscretion, indoctrination, industrialization, infatuation, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, information, inhabitation, inhalation, inhibition, initiation, innovation, inoculation, inquisition, inscription, insemination, insertion, insinuation, inspiration, installation, instigation, institution, institutionalization, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, integration, intensification, interception, intercession, intermission, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, interruption, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, intuition, inundation, invalidation, invention, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, justification, juxtaposition, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, lilliputian, limitation, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, locomotion, logician, lotion, lubrication, machination, magician, magnetization, magnification, malformation, malnutrition, manifestation, manipulation, mansion, marginalization, martian, masturbation, mathematician, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, mention, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misapprehension, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, misconception, miscreation, misidentification, misimpression, misinformation, misinterpretation, misperception, misrepresentation, mission, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, mortician, motion, motivation, multiplication, mummification, munition, musician, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nonaggression, nondiscrimination, nonprescription, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, notion, nucleation, nullification, nutrition, obfuscation, obligation, observation, obsession, obstetrician, occupation, ocean, omission, operation, opposition, oppression, optician, optimization, option, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overconsumption, overexpansion, overpopulation, overregulation, oversimplification, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, partition, passion, pasteurization, patrician, pediatrician, penetration, pension, perception, percussion, perforation, permission, permutation, perpetuation, persecution, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, petition, physician, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politician, politicization, pollination, pollution, pontification, popularization, population, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, precipitation, preconception, precondition, predestination, predisposition, preemption, prefabrication, preignition, premeditation, premonition, preoccupation, preparation, prescription, presentation, preservation, pressurization, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, privation, privatization, probation, procession, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, profanation, profession, prognostication, progression, prohibition, proliferation, promotion, pronunciation, propagation, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proration, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, prostration, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, ration, rationalization, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reassertion, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, reception, recertification, recession, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recognition, recommendation, reconciliation, recondition, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, redefinition, redemption, redistribution, reeducation, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regression, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reimposition, reincarnation, reincorporation, reintegration, reinterpretation, reinvention, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remission, remuneration, renationalization, rendition, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, repercussion, repetition, replication, reposition, repossession, representation, repression, repudiation, reputation, requisition, reregulation, reservation, resignation, resolution, respiration, restitution, restoration, resumption, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, retention, retransmission, retribution, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanitation, saponification, saturation, secession, secretion, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, sedition, segmentation, segregation, sensation, separation, sequestration, session, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, solution, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, statistician, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, submission, subordination, subscription, subsidization, substantiation, substation, substitution, suburbanization, succession, suffocation, summation, superstation, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, syndication, tabulation, tactician, taxation, technician, telecommunication, temptation, tension, termination, theoretician, titian, titillation, toleration, tradition, transcription, transformation, transgression, transillumination, transition, translation, transmission, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, tuition, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, venetian, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, volition, vulgarization, westernization, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-c-f-i-i-i-n-o-r-u-x" | |
-3 letters: crucifix. | |
-5 letters: concur, fornix, iconic, ironic, unific. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-c-f-i-i-i-n-o-r-u-x" | |
+1 letter: crucifixions. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Usage Frequency 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Derivations 14. Rhymes 15. Anagrams 16. Bibliography |
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