Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Civilian

Definition: Civilian

Civilian

Adjective

1. Associated with or performed by civilians as contrasted with the military; "civilian clothing" "civilian life".

Noun

1. A nonmilitary citizen.

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "civilian" was first used: 14th century. (references)

 

Specialty Definition: Civilian

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A civilian is a person who is not a member of a military. Under the Fourth Geneva Convention it is a war crime to deliberately attack a non-combatant civilian or wantonly and unnecessarily destroy or take the property of a civilian.

However, civilian property may be destroyed in pursuit of a military objective; civilian property may be seized for military use; and collateral damage is an accepted part of war.

In practice, the neat division between combatants and non-combatants implicit in such treaties can get very blurry, particularly in guerilla warfare where the guerillas receive the support of the local population. It is sometimes argued that the division between civilian and military and the abhorrence towards attacks on civilians is a reflection of Western attitudes to war, and that other societies do not make such distinctions but find other aspects of Western-style warfare abhorrent (such as strategic bombing).

See also: Laws of war, combatant. A civilian is also the name given to a jurist or jurisdiction of the civil law as in civilian jurisdiction.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Civilian."

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Abbreviations & Acronyms: Civilian

The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
EntrySourceExpressionField
CICEnglishCivilian Internment CampMilitary & Defense, Law

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Antonyms: military (adj), serviceman (n). (additional references)

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Synonyms within Context: Civilian

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Laity

Layman, civilian; parishioner, catechumen; secularist.

Lawyer

Noun: lawyer, attorney, legal counsel; counsel, counsellor, counsellor at law, attorney at law; jurist, legist, civilian, pundit, publicist, juris consult, legal adviser, advocate; barrister, barrister at law; King's or Queen's counsel; K.C.; Q.C.; silk gown, leader, sergeant-at-law, bencher; tubman, judge.

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Civilian

English words defined with "civilian": atomic powerBomber HarrisCamp follower, Chamberer, civies, civil authority, civil censorship, Civilist, civviesGownmanHarrismartial law, Muftinuclear powerPeace Corps, plainclothesman, prisoner of war censorshipsecondary censorship, seize, Sir Arthur Travers Harris. (references)
Specialty definitions using "civilian": Animal Damage Control Program, apportionment calculation, Apportionment populationcareer counselor, civil affair, Civilian workers, COUNTERINTELLIGENCE AGENTDefense Meteorological Satellite Program, Department of Employment,Education and Training, DEPUTY SHERIFF, CHIEF, DIRECTOR, FIELDEmployed persons, Employment-population ratioFECA, field directorIDENTIFICATION CLERK, international actual strength, international civilian personnel with NATO status, international manpower ceiling, International Military Education and Training, international personnelLabor force participation rate, local wage rate NATO civilian employeenational military authority, NATO international civilian post, NATO Official, Not in the labor forceOffice of the High RepresentativePopulation coverage, psychological consolidation activitiesRapid Expert Assistance and Cooperation Teams, recruit, Resident populationsafeguards, security clerk, spill-over, strategic and critical material, supernumerary NATO civilian personnelTRAVEL CLERKUnited States Department Of DefenseWildlife Services Program. (references)
Etymologies containing "civilian": Civilist. (references)

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Modern Usage: Civilian

DomainUsage

Screenplays

Second, you're not a civilian, Colonel, you're in the army (The General's Daughter; writing credit: Christopher Bertolini)

I'm a civilian, not a trout -- you have no authority over me whatsoever (Lake Placid; writing credit: David E. Kelley)

For me civilian life is nothing (First Blood; writing credit: David Morrell; Michael Kozoll)

But I'm a civilian. I'm more of a civilian than most civilians (Spartacus; writing credit: Howard Fast; Dalton Trumbo)

Well, if you'll excuse me saying so, sir, that would be, to my way of thinking, rather well, rather an odd way of looking at it. You see, if a Russian attack was in progress, we would certainly not be hearing civilian broadcast (Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb; writing credit: Peter George; Stanley Kubrick)

Lyrics

If you pooch a civilian, (In France; performing artist: Frank Zappa)

Movie/TV Titles

Civilian Front (1940)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Civilian

DomainTitle

References

  • Civilian Content plc: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

  • Civilian Use Helicopters in Denmark: A Strategic Entry Report, 1997 (reference)

  • Civilian Aircraft in Japan: A Strategic Entry Report, 1997 (reference)

    (more reference examples)

  

Books

  • Coming of Age in the Great Depression: The Civilian Conservation Corps in New Mexico, 1933-1942 (reference)

  • Jim's Journey: A Wake Island Civilian POW's Story (reference)

  • Secrets Of Street Survival - Israeli Style : Staying Alive In A Civilian War Zone (reference)

  • The Law of Obligations: Roman Foundations of the Civilian Tradition (reference)

  • Trapped With the Enemy: Four Years a Civilian P.O.W. in Japan (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Periodicals

  

Music

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Image Slideshow: Civilian

Photos:
Civilian

More pictures...

Illustrations:
Civilian

More pictures...

Computer Images:
Civilian

More pictures...

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Photo Album: Civilian

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

Lansing Simmons On triangulation party Served as commissioned officer then as civilian mathematician. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

Freddie L. Jeffries As civilian photogrammetrist in C&GS. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

A Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) encampment in Coon Vally, Wisconsin 8/19/34. Credit: Unknown.

Civilian Volunteers at Dedication PointBirds of Prey National Conservation AreaBOPOwyhee Field OfficeLSRDLower Snake River District. Credit: Barry Rose.

Rogue River - Camp Rand - Co. 1650 Civilian Conservation Corp., aerial view. Credit: Unknown.

U.S. Army. Hospital Center, Vichy, France. : Officers, Enlisted Personnel, and Civilian Employees. Credit: National Library of Medicine.

U.S. Naval Hospital, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. : Officers and civilian personnel. Credit: National Library of Medicine.

Commissioning ceremonies at the New London submarine base, Groton, Connecticut, 23 July 1943. The submarine's Commanding Officer, Lieutenant Commander Joseph F. Enright (second from right) is reading his orders. Civilian standing second from left is Mr. L.Y. Spear, President of the Electric Boat Company, which built Dace. Note Marine bugler at left. Photographer was probably Commander Edward Steichen, USNR. Credit: NAVY.

Off the Philadelphia Navy Yard, Pennsylvania, 24 June 1948, two days before she was commissioned. Several civilian tugs are alongside. Credit: NAVY.

Civilian Conservation Camp changed to Republican conservation Camp. Credit: Library of Congress.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Digital Photo Gallery: Civilian
 

"Sniper vs. sniper" by Igor Beres
Commentary: "Two Bosnian soldiers hunting for Serbian sniper that fired and killed civilian woman ."

Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers.

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Familiar Quotations: Civilian

AuthorQuotation

Marcus Tullius Cicero

Let the soldier yield to the civilian.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Historic Usage: Civilian

AuthorDateQuotation

Treaty of Versailles

1919

Damage in the form of levies, fines and other similar exactions imposed by Germany or her allies upon the civilian population. (reference)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Civilian

SubjectTopicQuote

Business

Fifty five-percent of production is civilian, 45 percent is military and exports account for 58 percent. (references)

Once, the new airport is operational the existing Bangalore airport will be closed to civilian operations. (references)

Although French equipment dominates in the civilian market, just under 30 percent of the civilian fleet is of U.S. origin. (references)

Children

Eritrea

Persons with Disabilities The long war for independence and the conflict with Ethiopia left thousands of men and women with physical disabilities from injuries they received as guerrillas, soldiers, and civilian victims. (references)

Civil Liberties

Sri Lanka

Groups of military personnel sometimes use civilian ships to reach Jaffna. (references)

Venezuela

On February 2, the Supreme Court transferred the case to a civilian court. (references)

Economic History

Gambia, The

Type: Civilian. (references)

Luxembourg

The Luxembourg army is under civilian control. (references)

Suriname

Throughout 1982, pressure grew for a return to civilian rule. (references)

Human Rights

Sri Lanka

The LTTE also damaged the civilian airport. (references)

Ghana

A civilian also was shot by another civilian. (references)

Israel and the occupied territories

At least seven other civilian bystanders were injured. (references)

Indigenous People

Colombia

However, some observers asserted that these special jurisdictions were subject to manipulation, and that punishments rendered by such community courts were often much more lenient than those imposed by regular civilian courts. (references)

Minorities

Philippines

Muslims continue to be underrepresented in senior civilian and military positions. (references)

Macedonia

Ethnic minorities constituted approximately 11 percent of Ministry of Defense civilian employees. (references)

Political Economy

Uzbekistan

There is effective civilian control over the military. (references)

Grenada

It is controlled by and responsive to civilian authorities. (references)

Guinea

There is no effective civilian control of the security forces. (references)

Political Rights

Fiji

In July 2000, a military-backed, civilian interim administration was installed. (references)

Honduras

Suffrage is universal; however, neither the clergy nor members of the military or civilian security forces are permitted to vote. (references)

Fiji

The Emergency Powers Act was amended by decree by the military-backed, civilian interim administration, which also invoked the amended act. (references)

Trade

Nicaragua

Military weapons may only be imported by the Armed Forces; import shipments of civilian weapons must be accompanied by a license issued by the Ministry of Government. (references)

Syria

U.S. exporters of dual use items (those with both civilian and military applications) or high-technology products should apply for export licenses which are considered on a case-by-case basis. (references)

Canada

Military export permits are normally denied to countries representing a strategic threat to Canada or its allies: countries involved in or under imminent threat of hostilities; countries under UN sanction; or countries whose governments have a persistent record of serious human rights violations, unless there is no reasonable risk that the goods might be used against the civilian population. (references)

Travel

Denmark

There are 12 civilian airports, plus the Copenhagen Airport (Kastrup), which is a major international airport and serves as the Scandinavian hub for SAS (Scandinavian Airline System). (references)

Sri Lanka

While no terrorist attacks against international or domestic aviation in Sri Lanka have been recorded since 1987, threats were directed at domestic air carriers flying between Colombo and Jaffna in 1998. A domestic civilian aircraft flying from Colombo to Jaffna crashed in September 1998 killing everyone on board. (references)

Worker Rights

Canada

Of the civilian labor force, approximately 29.5 percent is unionized. (references)

Lexicography

Devil's Dictionary

RECRUIT, n. A person distinguishable from a civilian by his uniform and from a soldier by his gait. Fresh from the farm or factory or street, His marching, in pursuit or in retreat, Were an impressive martial spectacle Except for two impediments -- his feet. Thompson Johnson

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Speeches: Civilian

SpeakerTermPhrase(s)

Harry S. Truman

1945-1953Since the surrender of Japan, civilian food consumption has risen still further.

Jimmy Carter

1977-1981The new Turkish authorities are making some progress in resolving those problems, and they have pledged an early return to civilian government.

George W. Bush

2001-2005If the Iraqi regime wishes peace, it will cease persecution of its civilian population, including Shi'a, Sunnis, Kurds, Turkomans, and others, again as required by Security Council resolutions.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Usage Frequency: Civilian

"Civilian" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 90.13% of the time. "Civilian" is used about 850 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Adjective (general or positive)90.13%7668,974
Noun (singular)9.64%8236,594
Noun (proper)0.24%2245,945
                    Total100.00%850N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Usage in Company Names: Civilian

CountryName
United Kingdom

Civilian Content plc

 (more examples...)

Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.

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Expression: Civilian

Expressions using "civilian": chief civilian personnel officer civilian casualties civilian clothes civilian clothing civilian dress civilian garb civilian government civilian life civilian personnel civilian population civilian preparedness for war Civilian War Victims Organisation international civilian personnel with nato status local wage nato civilian employee nato international civilian post supernumerary nato civilian personnel temporary civilian personnel. Additional references.

Hyphenated Usage

Beginning with "civilian": civilian-clad, civilian-controlled, civilian-led, civilian-looking, civilian-military, civilian-operated, civilian-populated.

Ending with "civilian": non-civilian.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Civilian

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

civilian marksmanship program

152

government civilian job

18

navy civilian job

94

army civilian office personnel

18

air force civilian job

89

army civilian

17

army civilian job

81

civilian conservation corp

16

civilian conservation corps

75

casualty civilian iraqi

14

civilian office personnel

62

civilian pay

13

army civilian personnel

61

casualty civilian iraq

11

civilian military job

54

civilian employment

11

civilian online personnel

44

civilian coast guard job

11

air civilian force personnel

44

army civilian job us

11

air civilian employment force

41

civilian electronics use

10

civilian personnel

38

civilian job navy us

10

army civilian personnel online

35

air civilian force

10

civilian

33

civilian pay scale

9

civilian job

29

civilian employment military

9

civilian marksmanship

23

civilian job in the military

8

civilian navy personnel

21

civilian and the military

8

army civilian employment

20

civilian director marksmanship

8

civilian dress

20

civilian project

8

civilian employment navy

19

civilian target

7

us air force civilian job

7
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translation: Civilian

Language Translations for "civilian"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Albanian

  

civil (citizen, civil, plain clothes), nëpunës civil. (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏مواطن (citizen, inhabitant, national, resident), ‏مدني (citified, civic, civil, secular, urban, urbanized). (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

специалист по гражданско право, щатски, цивилно лице (citizen), цивилен (civil, non combatant), граждански (civil, unclerical). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

文職 (non-military), 平民 (Populace). (various references)

   

Czech

  

civilní (civil, oppidan), civilista, civil. (various references)

   

Danish

  

civil (civil, non-military). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

civiel (civil, non-military). (various references)

   

Esperanto

  

civila (civil, non-military). (various references)

   

Faeroese

  

borgaraligur (civil, non-military). (various references)

   

Farsi 

  

غیرنظامی (Civil), شخص غیرنظامی . (various references)

   

Finnish

  

siviilihenkilö, siviili (in civoy street). (various references)

   

French

  

civil (civil). (various references)

   

German

  

zivilist, zivil (civil, civilian clothes, civvies, friendly, non-military, reasonable). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

ιδιώτησ (private citizen), πολιτικόσ (civil, political, politician, politico), πολίτησ (citizen). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

אזרחן, אזרחי (civic, civil), אזרחני, אזרח (citizen, denizen, native, subject). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

polgári (bourgeois, civic, civil, non-military), civil (civies, civil, civvies, non-military), polgári egyén. (various references)

   

Italian

  

civile (civil, non-military, urbane). (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

非戦闘員 (non-combatant), 文民 , 民間人 (non-government person), 民間  (civil, folk, popular, private, unofficial), 民間 (civil, folk, popular, private, unofficial), 民生 (consumer, people's welfare or livelihood). (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

ひせんとういん (non-combatant), ぶんみん, みんせい (civil government, consumer, democracy, Democratic Youth League of Japan, people's welfare or livelihood), みんかんじん (non-government person), みんかん (civil, folk, popular, private, unofficial). (various references)

   

Korean 

  

민간인. (various references)

   

Manx

  

shivoilagh, shivoil (civil). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

iviliancay.(various references)

   

Portuguese

  

civil (citizen, civic, civil, gownsman, temporal). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

civil (citizen, civil). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

гражданский (civic, civil). (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

civilni (civil), civil, građanski (civic, civil). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

civil (civil, non-military), paisano (one from the same country). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

civil (civil). (various references)

   

Turkish

  

sivil (civil, secular, unmilitary). (various references)

   

Ukrainian

  

цивільне населення, цивільна особа (citizen, gownsman), цивільний (civic, civil, private, temporal), фахівець з цивільного права, штатський (civil). (various references)

   

Vietnamese 

  

thường dân (layman, vulgar), người thường (mediocrity). (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Ancestral Language Translations: Civilian

LanguagePeriodTranslations
Old French900-1400

civilien. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Derivations & Misspellings: Civilian

Derivations

Words beginning with "civilian": civilianization, civilianizations, civilianize, civilianized, civilianizes, civilianizing, civilians. (additional references)


Misspellings

"Civilian" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: calvinian, Camilion, cecilian, civilan, civili, civilia, civiliam, Covilham, cuverian, cybilia, givetian, riviniana, Sevillana. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Civilian"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "civilian" (pronounced suvi"lyun)
7-u v i" l y u npavilion.
6-v i" l y u nvaudevillian.
5-i" l y u nbillion, jillion, million, multibillion, multimillion, octillion, pillion, trillion, vermilion, Vermillion, zillion.
4-l y u nbattalion, bullion, medallion, rebellion, scallion, scullion, stallion.
3-y u nbanyan, Canyon, communion, companion, disunion, dominion, grunion, minion, nonunion, onion, opinion, pinion, reunion, union.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Civilian

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "a-c-i-i-i-l-n-v"

-1 letter: incivil, vicinal.

-2 letters: clivia.

-3 letters: acini, anvil, cavil, cilia, civil, clavi, iliac, linac, nival, vinal, vinca, vinic.

-4 letters: anil, cain, clan, ilia, inia, laic, lain, nail, vail, vain, vial, vina.

-5 letters: ail, ain, ani, can, lac, lav, lin, nil, vac, van, via.

 Words containing the letters "a-c-i-i-i-l-n-v"
 

+1 letter: civilians.

 

+3 letters: civilianize, inviolacies.

 

+4 letters: civilianized, civilianizes, civilisation, civilization, conciliative, conviviality, indicatively, vilification.

 

+5 letters: civilianizing, civilisations, civilizations, provincialism, provincialist, provinciality, provincialize, vilifications, vivisectional, volcanicities, vulcanicities.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Crosswords
3. Usage: Modern
4. Usage: Commercial
5. Images: Slideshow
6. Images: Photo Album
7. Images: Digital Art
8. Quotations: Familiar
9. Quotations: Historic
10. Quotations: Non-fiction
11. Quotations: Speeches
12. Usage Frequency
13. Names: Company Usage
14. Expressions
15. Expressions: Internet
16. Translations: Modern
17. Translations: Ancient
18. Abbreviations
19. Acronyms
20. Derivations
21. Rhymes
22. Anagrams
23. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.