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Austin

Specialty Definition: Austin

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Austin is

• An Anglicization of the name of Saint Augustine, noticeable in the English version "Austin Friars" to refer to the Augustinian Order.
• A British make of car; see Austin Motor Company
• The surname of the following people:
  • J. L. Austin, philosopher
  • John Arnold Austin, United States Navy warrant officer
  • Phil Austin, member of the Firesign Theatre
  • Sherrie Austin, musician
  • Stephen F. Austin, founder of Texas
• The following communities in the United States:
  • Austin, Arkansas
  • Austin, Colorado
  • Austin, Indiana
  • Austin, Kentucky
  • Austin Township, Michigan
  • Austin, Minnesota
  • Austin, Nevada
  • Austin, Pennsylvania
  • Austin, Texas (Named for the above Stephen F. Austin)
  • Austin, Utah

(There are also Port Austin, Michigan and Austinburg, Ohio.)

• Three United States Navy ships:
  • A sloop-of-war (originally in the Texas Navy), USS Austin
  • A destroyer escort, USS Austin (DE-15)
  • An amphibious transport dock, USS Austin (LPD-4)
• A man-made lake; see Lake Austin

See also: Austin Powers

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Austin."

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Austin Motor Company

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The Austin Motor Company was founded in Birmingham by the Herbert Austin, former manager of the Wolseley Tool and Motor Car Company in 1905.

1935 Austin Ascot
Larger version

Around the 1920s the company produced the Austin 7, an inexpensive, small and simple car and one of the earliest to be directed at a mass market. At one point it was being built under licence by the fledgeling BMW.

In 1952 Austin merged with the Nuffield Organisation (parent company of Morris) to form the British Motor Corporation. The name continued in use, as in the following examples:

• Austin versions of the Mini
• Austin 1300
• Austin Allegro
• Austin Princess.

There were also Austin-Healey sports cars.

The last Austin was built in 1987.

''List of automobiles

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Austin Motor Company."

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Austin, Arkansas

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Austin is a city located in Lonoke County, Arkansas. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 605.

Geography

Austin is located at 35°0'19" North, 91°59'21" West (35.005248, -91.989167)¹. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 7.7 km² (3.0 mi²). 7.7 km² (3.0 mi²) of it is land and none of it is covered by water.

Demographics

As of the census² of 2000, there are 605 people, 218 households, and 173 families residing in the city. The population density is 78.1/km² (202.4/mi²). There are 236 housing units at an average density of 30.5/km² (78.9/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 96.20% White, 0.17% Black or African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.00% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 1.32% from other races, and 2.15% from two or more races. 5.62% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 218 households out of which 38.1% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.1% are married couples living together, 8.3% have a female householder with no husband present, and 20.2% are non-families. 15.1% of all households are made up of individuals and 6.9% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.78 and the average family size is 3.09. In the city the population is spread out with 26.4% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 32.7% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 9.4% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 36 years. For every 100 females there are 103.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 103.2 males. The median income for a household in the city is $44,063, and the median income for a family is $49,107. Males have a median income of $30,069 versus $21,116 for females. The per capita income for the city is $17,369. 6.3% of the population and 3.6% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 7.6% are under the age of 18 and 6.8% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Austin, Arkansas."

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Austin, Indiana

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Austin is a town located in Scott County, Indiana. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 4,724.

Geography

Austin is located at 38°44'34" North, 85°48'34" West (38.742754, -85.809383)¹. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 6.3 km² (2.4 mi²). 6.3 km² (2.4 mi²) of it is land and none of it is covered by water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 4,724 people, 1,793 households, and 1,308 families residing in the town. The population density is 750.6/km² (1,946.4/mi²). There are 1,967 housing units at an average density of 312.5/km² (810.5/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 98.20% White, 0.06% African American, 0.15% Native American, 0.19% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.78% from other races, and 0.61% from two or more races. 1.52% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 1,793 households out of which 36.8% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.0% are married couples living together, 16.8% have a female householder with no husband present, and 27.0% are non-families. 22.6% of all households are made up of individuals and 8.3% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.63 and the average family size is 3.06. In the town the population is spread out with 29.1% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 9.8% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 32 years. For every 100 females there are 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 95.4 males. The median income for a household in the town is $28,495, and the median income for a family is $33,267. Males have a median income of $28,468 versus $21,580 for females. The per capita income for the town is $12,431. 19.1% of the population and 16.6% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 29.0% are under the age of 18 and 15.6% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Austin, Indiana."

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Austin, Minnesota

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Austin is a city located in Mower County, Minnesota. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 23,314. It is the county seat of Mower County⁶.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 28.1 km² (10.8 mi²). 27.8 km² (10.8 mi²) of it is land and 0.2 km² (0.1 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 0.83% water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 23,314 people, 9,897 households, and 6,076 families residing in the city. The population density is 837.4/km² (2,168.2/mi²). There are 10,261 housing units at an average density of 368.5/km² (954.3/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 92.60% White, 0.81% African American, 0.18% Native American, 2.22% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 3.09% from other races, and 1.09% from two or more races. 6.12% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 9,897 households out of which 27.2% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% are married couples living together, 9.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 38.6% are non-families. 33.4% of all households are made up of individuals and 17.2% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.29 and the average family size is 2.90. In the city the population is spread out with 23.3% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 22.0% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 40 years. For every 100 females there are 92.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 89.2 males. The median income for a household in the city is $33,750, and the median income for a family is $42,691. Males have a median income of $31,787 versus $23,158 for females. The per capita income for the city is $20,651. 10.9% of the population and 7.5% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 15.0% are under the age of 18 and 5.1% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Austin, Minnesota."

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Austin, Pennsylvania

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Austin is a borough located in Potter County, Pennsylvania. As of the 2000 census, the borough had a total population of 623.

Geography

Austin is located at 41°37'51" North, 78°5'37" West (41.630781, -78.093590)¹. According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 10.3 km² (4.0 mi²). 10.3 km² (4.0 mi²) of it is land and none of the area is covered with water.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 623 people, 243 households, and 164 families residing in the borough. The population density is 60.4/km² (156.5/mi²). There are 282 housing units at an average density of 27.4/km² (70.8/mi²). The racial makeup of the borough is 98.72% White, 0.16% African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.00% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.32% from other races, and 0.80% from two or more races. 0.16% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 243 households out of which 39.1% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.4% are married couples living together, 11.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 32.5% are non-families. 26.7% of all households are made up of individuals and 11.9% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.56 and the average family size is 3.13. In the borough the population is spread out with 31.3% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 30.0% from 25 to 44, 17.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 31 years. For every 100 females there are 88.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 90.2 males. The median income for a household in the borough is $28,846, and the median income for a family is $34,375. Males have a median income of $29,659 versus $20,729 for females. The per capita income for the borough is $12,210. 21.2% of the population and 13.4% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 25.8% are under the age of 18 and 9.1% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Austin, Pennsylvania."

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Austin, Texas

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Texas state capitol
(larger version)

Austin is the capital of the state of Texas, within the United States of America. With a year 2000 population of 656,562 people (metro area population of over 1 million people), Austin is the fourth largest city in Texas (behind Houston, Dallas, and San Antonio), and the 16th largest in the U.S. Austin is the county seat of Travis County and is situated in Central Texas.

Austin was founded in 1835 and was first named Waterloo. In 1838, Mirabeau B. Lamar renamed the city in honor of Stephen F. Austin. Its original name is referenced in establishments such as Waterloo Ice House and Waterloo Records.

Austin is also the home of the University of Texas at Austin, aka "UT", the "flagship campus" of The University of Texas System. Other institutions of higher learning include Austin Community College, Concordia University, Huston-Tillotson College and St. Edwards University.

Austin has a heady mix of educators and their students, politicians and lobbyists. It is also the self-proclaimed "live music capital of the world", with a vibrant live music scene centered around many clubs on 6th Street and a yearly music festival known as "South by Southwest". Austin City Limits, the longest-running concert music program on American television, is videotaped on the University of Texas campus.

Austin's biggest employers include the State of Texas, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Computer, Motorola, and IBM. Another little-known high-tech giant that is headquartered in Austin and has ranked in Fortune's 100 Best Employers is National Instruments. The region is known as "Silicon Hills." There has been a lot of rapid development with the construction driving the city towards the north and the south.

The University of Texas has an outstanding Radio, Television, and Film (RTF) department and, partly because of this, Austin has been the location of a number of movies, including Waking Life, Spy Kids, Dazed and Confused, Office Space, and Slacker. Austin is home to several famous directors such as Robert Rodriguez. Austin hosts the annual Austin Film Festival as well as the South by Southwest Festival which draw films of many different types from all over the world.

Austin is situated on the Colorado River, with three lakes within the city limits: Town Lake, Lake Austin, and Lake Travis. The city is also situated on the Balcones Fault, which runs the same route as Interstate Highway 35, Austin's main north-south artery. The eastern part of the city is flat while the western part and western suburbs consist of scenic rolling hills. Because the hills to the west are primarily rock with a thin covering of topsoil, the city is subjected to frequent flash flooding from the excessive runoff caused by thunderstorms. To help control this runoff and to generate hydroelectric power, the Lower Colorado River Authority operates a series of dams which form the Texas Highland Lakes. The lakes also provide venues for boating, swimming and other forms of recreation within several parks located on the lake shores.

Austin has the Austin Ice Bats of the Central Hockey League.

Austin is served by the Austin-Bergstrom International Airport.

Government

Austin is administered by a city council of seven members, each of them elected by the entire city, and by an elected mayor. Under a tradition known as the "gentleman's agreement" which has existed since the 1970s, one of the council seats is contested only by an African-American while another council seat is contested only by a Hispanic. Political parties are not a major influence on city politics, and the main political actors within Austin are interest groups like the pro-environmental Save Our Springs Alliance.

The political controversy that dominated the 1990s was the conflict between environmentalists strong in the city center and advocates of more urban growth who tend to live in the outlying areas. This conflict has been less heated in the last several years as the idea of smart growth has become popular.

Geography

Austin is located at 30°16'23" North, 97°44'42" West (30.2731, -97.7450).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 669.3 km² (258.4 mi²). 651.4 km² (251.5 mi²) of it is land and 17.9 km² (6.9 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 2.67% water.

Demographics

As of the census² of 2000, there are 656,562 people, 265,649 households, and 141,590 families residing in the city. The population density is 1,007.9/km² (2,610.4/mi²). There are 276,842 housing units at an average density of 425.0/km² (1,100.7/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 65.36% White, 10.05% African American, 0.59% Native American, 4.72% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 16.23% from other races, and 2.99% from two or more races. 30.55% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There are 265,649 households out of which 26.8% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.1% are married couples living together, 10.8% have a female householder with no husband present, and 46.7% are non-families. 32.8% of all households are made up of individuals and 4.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.40 and the average family size is 3.14.

In the city the population is spread out with 22.5% under the age of 18, 16.6% from 18 to 24, 37.1% from 25 to 44, 17.1% from 45 to 64, and 6.7% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 30 years. For every 100 females there are 105.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 105.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city is $42,689, and the median income for a family is $54,091. Males have a median income of $35,545 versus $30,046 for females. The per capita income for the city is $24,163. 14.4% of the population and 9.1% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 16.5% are under the age of 18 and 8.7% are 65 or older.

External links

• Austin City Connection - The Official Web site of the City of Austin
• Newspapers:
  • Austin American-Statesman
  • UT's Daily Texan
  • Austin Chronicle (weekly)

    Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Austin, Texas."

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J. L. Austin

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

John Langshaw Austin (March 28, 1911 - February 8, 1960) was a philosopher of language, who developed much of the theory of speech acts. He was born in Lancaster and educated at the University of Oxford. After serving in MI6 during World War II, Austin became White’s Professor of Moral Philosophy at Oxford.

His paper The meaning of a word is a polemic against doing philosophy by attempting to pin down the meaning of the words used; for 'there is no simple and handy appendage of a word called "the meaning of the word (x)"'. Austin warns us to take care when removing words from their ordinary usage, giving numerous examples of how this can lead one down a philosophical garden path.

In A Plea for excuses Austin demonstrates his philosophical method by example. He proposed some curious philosophical tools. For instance, he uses a sort of word game for developing an understanding of a key concept. This involved taking up a dictionary and finding a selection of terms relating to the key concept, then looking up each of the words in the explanation of their meaning. Iterate this process until the list of words begins to repeat, closing in a “family circle” of words relating to the key concept.

How to Do things With Words is perhaps his most influential work. Austin points out that philosophers of language gave most of their attention to those sentences which state some fact, but that these form only a small part of the range of tasks that can be performed by saying something. Indeed, there is an important class of utterances – Austin called them performative utterances – that do not report a fact, but instead are themselves the performance of some action (speech act). For example, in the appropriate circumstances to say “I name this ship the Queen Elizabeth” is to do nothing less than to name the ship.

In the second half of the book, Austin produced a useful way of analysing utterances.

Consider what happens when John Smith turns to Sue Snub and says ‘Is Jeff’s shirt red?’, to which Sue replies ‘Yes’. Firstly, John has produced a series of bodily movements which result in the production of a cert5ain sound. Austin called such a performance a phonetic act, and the called the act a phone. John’s utterance also conforms to the lexical and grammatical conventions of English – that is, John has produced an English sentence. Austin called this a phatic act, and labels such utterances phemes. John also referred to Jeff’s shirt, and to the colour red. To use a pheme with a more or less definite sense and reference is to utter a rheme, and to perform a rhetic act. Note that rhemes are a sub-class of phemes, which are a sub-class of phemes, which in turn are a sub-class of phones. One cannot preform a rheme without also performing a pheme and a phone. The performance of these three acts is the performance of a locution – it is the act of saying something.

John has therefore performed a locutionary act. He has also done at least two other things. He has aked a question, and he has elicited an answer from Sue. Asking a question isa an example of what Austin called an illocutrionary\ act, the performance of an illocution. Other examples would be making an assertion, giving an order, and promising to do something. An illocutionary act is to use a locution with a certain force. It is an act performed in saying something, as contrasted with a locution, the act of saying something, the locution. Eliciting an answer is an example, of what Austin calls a perlocutionary act, an act performed by saying something. Notice that if one successfully performs a perlocution, one also succeeds in performing both an illocution and a locution.

In the theory of speech acts, attention has focused on the locution, illocution an perlocuition, rather than the phone, pheme and rheme.

Austin occupies a place in the philosophy of language alongside Wittgenstein, in staunchly advocating the examination of the way words are used in order to elucidate meaning.

Works by J. L. Austin

• How to do Things with Words (1961)
• Philosophical Papers (1961), contains A Plea For Excuses and The Meaning of a Word as well as Austin’s other published papers.
• Sense and Sensibilia (1962)

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "J. L. Austin."

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Abbreviations & Acronyms: Austin

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Synonyms within Context: Austin

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Modern Usage: Austin

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Commercial Usage: Austin

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Image Slideshow: Austin

Photos: Austin More pictures...

Illustrations: Austin More pictures...

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Photo Album: Austin

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Stern view of the F/V AUSTIN and MCGINTY, fluke rigged. Credit: Fisheries.		The Anatomist Overtaken by the Watch... Carrying off Miss W--ts in a Hamper. / William Austin. Credit: National Library of Medicine.
	Prof. Austin Flint, Sr. M.D. Credit: National Library of Medicine.		University of Texas (?), Austin, Tex. Courtyard, arcaded structure (two stories). Credit: Library of Congress.
	James Austin. Credit: Library of Congress.		George T. Stovall/James Austin. Credit: Library of Congress.
	Sallie Wroe, Austin. Credit: Library of Congress.		John Crawford of Austin. Credit: Library of Congress.
	S.S. M.W. [i.e. Howard M.] Hanna on reef (near Pt. Austin light, Lake Huron). Credit: Library of Congress.		Port Austin Reef Light House, Point[e] Aux Barques. Credit: Library of Congress.
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Digital Photo Gallery: Austin
 

"Austin" by Sean Itrich Commentary: "This is my friend austin sitting on a bench."	"Austin Mini 850" by razurdia Commentary: "Austin Mini 850 ´76."
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers.

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Familiar Quotations: Austin

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Spoken Usage: Austin

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Usage Frequency: Austin

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Name Usage Frequency: Austin

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Derived & Related Names: Austin

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Usage in Company Names: Austin

Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.

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Cities: Austin

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Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.