Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Arms

Specialty Definition: Arms

Top     

Specialty Definition: Arm

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

In anatomy, the arm is the upper limb of a bipedal mammal, beginning at the shoulder and terminating at the hand, or an analogous structure on a lower organism or a mechanism.

Arms can also refer to weapons or heraldic displays.

Anatomy of the (human) arm

Upper arm -- Elbow -- Forearm -- Wrist -- Hand -- Finger -- Thumb

Running downward and outward from the inner half of the clavicle, where that bone is convex forward, is the clavicular part of the pectoralis major, while from the outer third of the bone, where it is concave forward, is the clavicular part of the deltoid; between these two muscles is an elongated triangular gap with its base at the clavicle, and here the skin is somewhat depressed, while the cephalic vein sinks between the two muscles to join the axillary vein. The tip of the coracoid process is situated just under cover of the inner edge of the deltoid, one inch below the junction between the outer and middle thirds of the clavicle. The deltoid muscle forms the prominence of the shoulder, and its convex outline is due to the presence of the head of the humerus deep to it; when this is dislocated the shoulder becomes flattened. The pectoralis major forms the anterior fold of the axilla or armpit, the posterior being formed by the latissimus dorsi and teres major muscles. The skin of the floor of this space is covered with hair in the adult, and contains many large sweat glands. The axillary vessels and brachial plexus of nerves lie in the outer wall, while on the inner wall are the serrations of the serratus magnus muscle, the outlines of some of which are seen on the side of the thorax, through the skin, when the arm is raised. Below the edge of the pectoralis major, the swelling of the biceps begins to be visible, and this can easily be traced into its tendon of insertion, which reaches below the level of the elbow joint. On each side of the biceps is the external and internal bicipital furrow, in the latter of which the brachial artery may be felt and compressed. The median nerve is here in close relation to the artery. At the bend of the elbow the two condyles of the humerus may be felt; the inner one projects beneath the skin, but the outer one is obscured by the rounded outline of the brachio-radialis muscle. The superficial veins at the bend of the elbow are very conspicuous; they vary a good deal, but the typical arrangement is an M, of which the radial and ulnar veins form the uprights, while the outer oblique bar is the median cephalic and the inner oblique the median basilic vein. At the divergence of these two the median vein comes up from the front of the forearm, while the two vertical limbs are continued up the arm as the cephalic and basilic, the former on the outer side, the latter on the inner. On the back of the arm the three heads of the triceps are distinguishable, the external forming a marked oblique swelling when the forearm is forcibly extended and internally rotated. In the upper part of the front of the forearm the antecubital fossa or triangle is seen; its outer boundary is the brachio-radialis, its inner the pronator radii teres, and where these two join below is the apex. In this space are three vertical structures--externally the tendon of the biceps, just internal to this the brachial artery, and still more internally the median nerve. Coming from the inner side of the biceps tendon the semi-lunar fascia may be felt; it passes deep to the median basilic vein and superficial to the brachial artery, and in former days was a valuable protection to the artery when unskillful operators were bleeding from the median basilic vein. About the middle of the forearm the fleshy parts of the superficial flexor muscles cease, and only the tendons remain, so that the limb narrows rapidly. In front of the wrist there is a superficial plexus of veins, while deep to this two tendons can usually be made to start up if the wrist be forcibly flexed; the outer of these is the flexor carpi radialis, which is the physician's guide to the radial artery where the pulse is felt. If the finger is slipped to the outer side of this tendon, the artery, which here is very superficial, can be felt beating. The inner of the two tendons is the palmaris longus, though it is not always present. On cutting down between these two the median nerve is reached.

The wrist joint may be marked out by feeling the styloid process of the radius on the outer side, and the styloid process of the ulna on the inner side behind, and joining these two by a line convex upward. The superficial appearance of the palm of the hand is described in the article on Palmistry; with regard to anatomical landmarks the superficial palmar arterial arch is situated in the line of the abducted thumb, while the deep arch is an inch nearer the wrist. The digital nerves correspond to lines drawn from the clefts of the fingers toward the wrist. On the back of the forearm the olecranon process of the ulna is quite subcutaneous, and during extension of the elbow is in a line with the two condyles, while between it and the inner condyle lies the ulnar nerve, here known popularly as the "funny bone." From the olecranon process the finger may be run down the posterior border of the ulna, which is subcutaneous as far as the styloid process at the lower end. On the dorsum of the hand is a plexus of veins, deep to which the extensor tendons are seen on extending the fingers. When the thumb is extended, two tendons stand out very prominently, and enclose a triangular space between them which is sometimes known as the "anatomical snuff box"; the outer of these is the tendon of the extensor brevis, the inner of the extensor longus pollicis. Situated deeply in the space is the radial artery, covered by the radial vein. On the dorsum of the hand there is a plexus of veins, and deep to these the tendons of the extensor longus digitorum stand out when the wrist and fingers are extended.

See also

Terms for anatomical location

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Arm."

Top     

ARM

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

ARM may stand for:

Most likely:

• Acorn RISC Machine
• Adjustable rate mortgage
• Annotated Reference Manual (C++)

Others:

• Accelerated reply mail (USPS)
• Accelerated Response Motoring
• Accredited Resident Manager
• Acquisition risk management
• Ada Reference Manual
• Ada Requirements Methodology
• Administrative Rules of Montana
• Advanced RISC Machine
• Advanced RISC Machines Ltd. (arm.com)
• Afrikaner Resistance Movement (South Africa)
• Age-related maculopathy (ophthalmology)
• Amalgamated Regional Militia (Known Space)
• American Rehabilitation Ministries (arm.org)
• Anhysteretic remanent magnetization
• Anti-radiation missile
• Argentina Moneda Nacional
• Association of Radical Midwives (UK)
• Association Des Radio Amateurs De Monaco
• Association of Recovering Motorcyclists
• Association for Rehabilitation Marketing
• Association of Remedial Masseurs (Australia)
• Association of Reproductive Managers
• Association for Research on Mothering
• Association of Rotational Molders
• Atalla Resource Manager (HP)
• Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (DOE, arm.gov)
• Atomic Resolution Microscope (NCEM)

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "ARM."

Top     

Arms

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The word arms may refer to:

• The arm, a part of the body
• A coat of arms; see Heraldry
• Armaments; see Weapon

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Arms."

Top     

Arms trade

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Arms trade is the exchange of arms (weapons) among two or more parties.

It is estimated that yearly over 150 billion dollar is spent on arms.

Top 15 arms exporters in 1999

• United States, 33 billion US$
• Great Britain, 5.2 billion US$
• Russia, 3.1 billion US$
• France, 2.9 billion US$
• Germany, 1.9 billion US$
• Sweden, 0.7 billion US$
• Israel, 0.6 billion US$
• Australia, 0.6 billion US$
• Canada, 0.6 billion US$
• Ukraine, 0.6 billion US$
• Italy, 0.4 billion US$
• China, 0.3 billion US$
• Belarus, 0.3 billion US$
• Bulgaria, 0.2 billion US$
• North Korea, 0.1 billion US$

source: Federation of American Scientists, [1]

Amnesty International, Oxfam, and the International Network on Small Arms say that roughly 500,000 people are killed each year by the use of small arms, and that there are over 600 million of such arms in circulation.

United States arms trade

In the US there is a distinction made between foreign military sales (FMS), where the Pentagon is used as an intermediate negotiator, and direct commercial sales (DCS), where a company directly negotiates with its buyer, in which case the company needs a license from the State Department. The Defense Department manages the excess defense articles (EDA), weapons from the US military given away or sold at bargain prices, emergency drawdowns, assistance provided at the discretion of the President, and international military education and training (IMET).

In the period from 1989 to 1996 the global value of direct commercial arms sales was US$ 257 million, of which 45% was exported from the US.

" class="external">http://www.fas.org/asmp/library/handbook/WaysandMeans.html-->

International military education and training

In fiscal year 2002 a total of 70 million US$ was spent on IMET, spread over 113 countries.

Drawdowns

In fiscal year 2002 a total of 46 million US$ worth of drawdowns were provided to Nigeria (4 million US$), Afghanistan (2 million US$), Georgia (25 million US$), the Philippines (10 million US$) and Tunisia (5 million US$).

Defense contractors

Defense contractors are weapon manufacturers or companies participating in weapon research and warfare simulation.

See also private military contractor.

List of weapon manufacturers

• AAI
• Armscor, South Africa
• BAE SYSTEMS, US
• Boeing, US
• Bofors Defence
• Carlyle Group, US
• DaimlerChrysler, US, Germany
• General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Incorporated
• Glock
• General Electric Plastics
• Grumman Aerospace Corporation
• Kaman
• Northrop Grumman Corporation
• Raytheon Corporation
• Thales Group, France
• United Defense
• Saab Missiles, Sweden

Institutes participating in weapon research and warfare simulation

• TNO [1]
• DARPA
• Bolt, Beranek and Newman

Related topics

• Small arms

External links

• The Guardian's arms trade report
• List of participators of the Defence System and Equipment international conference in London, 2003
• FAS's Arms Sales Monitoring Project

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Arms trade."

Top     

Gun

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A gun is an aimable weapon that launches projectiles at high velocity, or a device that resembles such a weapon used for other purposes (e.g., glue gun). The term is also used for types of artillery with long barrels that fire at a relatively flat trajectory.

For handguns, long guns and historical cannons the projectile is a bullet, shot by explosives (gunpowder), but it does not contain explosives itself.

For modern artillery the projectile is a shell, containing explosives.

Technically speaking, the projectile is the weapon and the gun is the weapon platform, although with the use of bayonets and rifle butts as clubs, the double usage of the word could be forgiven.

Types of guns:

• Handgun (Also called a pistol; a gun used for short distances, fired from the hand).
  • Derringer
  • "duelling" pistols
  • Flintlock
  • Wheellock
  • Pneumatic
  • Revolver
  • Semi-automatic
  • Single-shot
  • Machine pistol

• Long gun (A gun used for longer distances, fired from the shoulder).
  • Muzzleloader
  • Muskets - flintlocks, wheellocks, matchlock
    • Charleville musket
    • Brown Bess
  • Pneumatic
  • Rifle
  • Shotgun
  • Carbine
  • Semi-automatic
  • Submachine gun
  • Machine gun

• Artillery (A larger gun typically for battlefield use, firing larger projectiles, and often mounted on wheels or on a vehicle such as a tank, boat, or aircraft).
  • Anti-aircraft
  • Cannon
  • Autocannon
  • Gatling gun
  • Howitzer

See also: airgun, assault rifle, ballistics, electroshock gun, electrothermal-chemical technology, firearm action, gun law, gun politics, gun safety, list of modern armament manufacturers, non-violence, physics of firearms, railgun, Saturday-night special, terminal ballistics, small arms, silencer.

Manufacturers:

• Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Gun."

Top     

Heraldry

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Heraldry is the knowledge and art of describing coats of arms, also referred to as achievements or armorial bearings.

It is important to note that a given coat of arms is defined by a written description, not by a picture. A given coat of arms may be drawn in many different ways, all considered equivalent, just as the letter "A" may be printed in many different fonts while still being the same letter. For example, there is no strict definition of the shades of colours used in Heraldry.

A description of a coat of arms is called a blazon. To draw it is to emblazon it. To ensure that the pictures people draw after reading the descriptions are accurate, and reasonably alike, blazons follow a set of rules. The first thing the blazon describes is the tincture (colour) of the field (background), and then it describes the placement and tinctures of the different charges (objects) on the shield. The charges on a shield are described from the top to the base, from dexter to sinister. Dexter ('right' in Latin) is the left side of the shield, and sinister ('left') is the right. The reason for this is that they refer to the shield-bearer's point of view, not the observer's.

The word "crest" is commonly used to refer to a coat of arms. However, in heraldry, a crest is just one component of a coat of arms. In a complete depiction of a coat of arms, the crest is a design affixed to the helmet. However, crests can also be used on their own; this is particularly useful when there is insufficient space to display the entire coat of arms.

Tinctures

The colours used in heraldry are referred to as tinctures. See Tincture (heraldry) for a full description.

Divisions of the field

The field can be divided into more than one colour. See Divisions of the field.

Charges

Charges can be animals, objects or geometric constructs (ordinaries).

Common animals are lions, leopards, martlets, eagles, gryphons, fish, boars or dolphins. There are dragons and unicorns as well, but they are not nearly as common as most people suppose. The default position of an animal is looking to the left. Animals are found in various different positions - a flying martlet is a martlet volant, a swimming dolphin is a dolphin naiant, and a walking lion is a lion passant. Other words for positions are rampant (on hind legs), salient (leaping), sejant (sitting) and gardant (looking at the viewer). There are humans as well, although they are unusual, like wild men or Saracens. If you show only the head of an animal, cut off at the neck, it is an 's head couped.

Common objects are escallops (shells), crosses, mullets (a conventional five-pointed star shape, as on the American flag, which in fact represent spurs), crescents, bugle-horns, water-bougets, gauntlets and different kinds of trees, flowers, leaves, and other plants. Circles are generally called roundels, but in England instead of being described a roundel vert, they have different names depending on colour; Bezants if they are golden, plates if silver, torteaux if red, hurts if blue, pellets or ogresses if black and pommes if green. A roundel that is barry wavy argent and azure is called a fountain.

Ordinaries (sometimes called "honourable ordinaries") are almost like partitions, but are handled like objects. Though there is much debate as to exactly which geometrical charges consitute ordinaries, certain ones are agreed on by everone. A pale is a vertical charge starting from the top of the shield, ending at the bottom, and wide as a third of the shield's width. (The "Canadian pale," identical to the pale but taking up one-half the sheild's width, was invented in 1964 by Conrad Swan, retired Garter King of Arms.)[1] A fess is the same thing, only horizontal. There are also bends, saltires and crosses, as well as chiefs, bordures and chevrons. A chief is a fess situated in the upper third of the shield. A chevron looks like a saw's tooth, arching from the middle of the left side of the shield to the middle of the right. A quarter is the top left (dexter chief in heraldry) quarter of the shield.

There are diminutives of charges as well.

The diminutive of the pale is the pallet and the diminutive of the fess is the bar. (The diminutive of the bar is the barrulet.) Barry of means that the background is divided into that number of horizontal stripes. There are diminutives of most partitions, like bendy of or paly of. It should be noted that in order to be described as "barry" or "paly" there must be an even number of stripes, otherwise it is a field of x tincture and y pallets or bars. Thus the shield of the United States of America, though officially described as "Paly of thirteen argent and gules, a chief azure," is no such thing; it is "Argent, six pallets gules and a chief azure."

The diminutive of the chevron is the chevronel.

The diminutive of the quarter is the canton, a square occupying, in theory, the upper left third of the shield. In theory a canton is never an original part of the shield, but some form of later addition, but this is not true in practice. Another charge can be completely hidden by the canton (sometimes, if the charge is not part of a predictable pattern of like charges laid out elsewhere on the shield, making it impossible to correctly blazon the shield); the charge so hidden is then called "absconded." When a shield contains both a fess and canton they are always shown in their theoretical size, and with no dividing line between them; as they appear to be one continuous thing, blazoning a shield with a fess and canton can be confusing for the novice.

If you put a mullet on a bend, the bend 'is charged with' the mullet.

Special charges known as differences may distinguish otherwise similar blazons; these often indicate "cadency," or what number son owns the shield, to distinguish him from other sons and the father.

Blazons

Full descriptions of shields could look as follows:

Argent, on a fess azure between in chief two anchors crossed in saltire sable and in base a lion passant gules a fleur-de-lis Or.

Sable, two swords crossed in saltire argent, between four fleurs-de-lis Or, all contained within a bordure purpure.

Party per fess argent and sable, in chief a falcon close vert, in base a plate charged with a fleur-de-lis vert.

There are, of course, more complicated designs:

Party per fess: The chief Argent, charged with five bezants, the centre bezant charged in chief with a latin cross of the field, on a canton in sinister base of the first, a bucket: The base party per pale Azure and Argent, the dexter side charged with three rings conjoined at their centres in pairle, the sinister side charged with a bend sinister Azure bearing three quatrefoil of the field. Behind the shield a pastoral staff. The shield contained within a cartouche and ensigned with an ecclesiastical hat supporting six tassels on either side of the shield.

Coat of Arms of Saskatchewan, with parts labelled

Besides the shield

In addition to the shield, most coats of arms include a crest, placed above the shield, and a motto, usually placed below it.

Other items may be added to the coat, such as a helmet (decorated with mantling) in a variety of meaningful postures and designs; supporters on either side of the shield and the compartment on which they usually stand; and a variety of medals, ribbons, and other decorations. These items are often granted as special honours by the sovereign.

Modern heraldry

Heraldry is still practiced today, especially in monarchies such as the United Kingdom. Institutions, companies, and members of the public may obtain officially recognized coats of arms from governmental heraldic authorities. This typically has the force of a registered trademark.

However, many modern "heraldic" designs are not registered with heraldic authorities, and do not follow at all the rules of heraldic design.

There are also many people who are interested in heraldry as a hobby; many of them participate in the Society for Creative Anachronism and other such medieval revivals, not to mention micronationalism.

See also:

• List of coats of arms
• Chivalry
• Court of Chivalry
• Time immemorial

External links

Authorities

• The College of Arms for England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Commonwealth
• Court of the Lord Lyon of Scotland — see also [1], [1]
• Office of the Chief Herald of Ireland
• The Canadian Heraldic Authority

Societies

• The Heraldry Society
• The Heraldry Society of Scotland
• The Royal Heraldry Society of Canada
• A Heraldic Primer (Society for Creative Anachronism)

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Heraldry."

Top     

Weapon

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A weapon is a tool to damage life or property, and as a result, also to threaten and defend. When weapons are used skillfully, they are used according to doctrines that maximize their desirable effects, while minimizing collateral damage.

Metaphorically, anything used to damage (even psychologically) can be referred to as a weapon. Weapons can be as simple as a club, or as advanced as a nuclear warhead.

Norse knife (photo Uwe Kils)

For a comprehensive list of weapons and doctrines see military technology and equipment.

Weapon history is believed to begin in the stone age with flint knivess, handaxes and heads for lances.

A widespread early weapon, perhaps finally understood, is the "stone handaxe." This is a flat, sharp-sided stone disc, with an egg-shaped or triangular projection. Some paleontologists built one and threw it, and noticed that it lands with the pointed edge digging into the ground. They believe that it could be a "killer frisbee" to harvest animals from a tightly packed wild herd.

The crucial weapon that appears to have given humans superiority to animals was a lightweight flexible lance with a broad-bladed stone head (flint chert, or obsidian). This lance was usually thrown from a spear-thrower.

This weapon probably killed the giant sloths and elephants. Modern versions of these devices remain within the living memory of arctic tribes to hunt whale and walrus.

When thrown from a spear-thrower, a lever to extend the arm, the lance bends, storing energy, and then straightens. It then strikes animals at effective ranges to over thirty meters. The range is definitely limited by aim, not power. Anthropologists constructing lances and throwers have thrown lances through several inches of oak. The broad, leaf-shaped heads penetrate deeply, and cut arteries well.

Archery and swords have been crucial for warfare. Archery, because of its firepower, short swords because of their lethality in close combat. The most effective defense to these was a fortress. The doctrines to support fortresses in the age of edged weapons may have caused much of medieval and noble history. Of course, medieval siege weapons were used in countervailing doctrines.

During the 16th century to 19th century firearms became increasingly important and effective. During the U.S. Civil War various technologies including the machine gun and ironclad ship emerged that would be recognizable and useful weapons of war today, in lower-tech regions of the world. In the 19th century warships shifted also to use of fossil fuels and were no longer dependent on sail.

The age of edged weapons ended abruptly just before World War I with rifled artillery, such as howitzers which are able to destroy any masonry fortress. This single invention caused a revolution in military affairs and doctrines that continues to this day. See military technology during World War I for a detailed discussion.

An important feature of industrial age warfare was technological escalation - an innovation could, and would, be rapidly matched by copying it, and often with yet another innovation to counter it. The technological escalation during World War I was profound, and produced armed aircraft, the hand grenade, and the tank.

This continued in the interim period between that war and the next, with continuous improvements of all weapons by all major powers. Most modern weapons of war are mild improvements on those of World War II. The aircraft and tanks are faster, the rifles lighter, the artillery more mobile, the radios more reliable, but they would all be recognizable to any soldier of that era. See military technology during World War II for a detailed discussion.

In modern warfare, since all redoubts are traps, maneuver and coordination of forces is decisive, overshadowing particular weapons. The goal of every modern commander is therefore to "operate within the observation-decision-action cycle of the enemy." In this way, the modern commander can bring overwhelming force to bear on isolated groups of the enemy, and tactically overwhelm an enemy. See military technology of the late 20th century.

Traditional military maneuvers tried to achieve this coordination with "fronts" made of lines of military assets. These were formerly the only way to prevent harm to friendly forces. Close-order marching and drill (a traditional military skill) was an early method to get relative superiority of coordination. Derivative methods (such as "leapfrogging units to advance a line") survived into combined arms warfare to coordinate aircraft, artillery, armor and infantry.

Computers are changing this. The most extreme example so far (2003) is the use of "swarm" tactics by the U.S. military in Iraq. The U.S. had instantaneous, reliably encrypted communications, perfect navigation using GPS and computer-mediated communications to aim precision weapons.

In swarm tactics, small units pass through possible enemy territory. When attacked, they try to survive, and call down immediate overwhelming showers of precision-guided air-dropped munitions for armor, and cluster bombs for enemy troops. To consolidate such a region, nearby artillery begin bombardment, and ground units rush in on safe vectors through the bombardments, avoiding them by computer-mediated navigation aids.

Thus in modern warfare, satellite navigation systems and especially computers create decisive advantages for ordinary military personnel with weapons that are serviceable, but otherwise unremarkable.

See also riot control agent, non-lethal, weapon of mass destruction. Netwar contains a discussion on using information technology as a weapon - more commonly called information warfare. See also persuasion technology and propaganda for discussions of the way information technology plays a role in the changing of the minds of subject populations - both branches of psychological warfare.

Time Periods

• Ancient
• Medieval
• military technology during the Napoleonic wars
• military technology during World War I
• military technology during World War II
• military technology of the late 20th century
• Modern weapons
• All eras
• Arms trade

See also toy weapons, fictional technology, technological escalation

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Weapon."

Top     

Abbreviations & Acronyms: Arms

Top     

Top     

Synonyms within Context: Arms

Top     

Top     

Modern Usage: Arms

Top     

Commercial Usage: Arms

Top     

Image Slideshow: Arms

Photos: Arms More pictures...

Illustrations: Arms More pictures...

Computer Images: Arms More pictures...

Top     

Photo Album: Arms

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Pictured is an experimental miniature pig. The experimental animal is being held in place by rubber-tube covered arms in a laboratory setting. Some cans are visible on shelves behind the animal. The miniature pig has an unusually thick placenta that prevents sow's immune system from influencing that of offspring. Raised in a sterile environment, such piglets are vital in providing clues as to how the immune system develops. Credit: Linda Bartlett (photographer).		This is a series of 16 photos demonstrating the 16 steps of a clinical breast examination. The steps are as follows: 1) arms in normal position 2) arms on hips 3) pressed forward elbows 4) pressed forward 5) arms overhead 6) arms overhead 7) arms raised and pressing down 8) exam of cervical nodes 9) exam of supraclavicular 10) infraclavicular 11) axilla 12) exam of breast 13) axilla 14) breast exam 15) exam of nipple 16) exam of nipple for discharge. Credit: Photogroup (photographer).
	The child is being vaccinated in both arms using a Hypospray Jet Gun. In 1980, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the global eradication of smallpox, and recommended that all countries cease vaccination. Credit: CDC.		White Finger Disease, or Raynaud's Syndrome, is essentially a problem involving a lack of blood to the nerves, and in this case, was caused by the constant vibration of the hands and arms. Credit: CDC.
	Tightly wound, almost concentric, arms of dark dust encircle the bright nucleus of the galaxy ... Credit: NASA.		Aerial view of Turnagain Arms, Alaska after 1963 Good Friday Earthquake NOAA photo aircraft often help evaluate disaster damage. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.
	NOAA photo crews help ground-truth disaster damage at Turnagain Arms Damage caused by 1963 Good Friday Earthquake. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.		Some manipulator arms have tactile feedback and can handle delicate items. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP).
	Manipulator arms with tactile feedback are especially useful for science. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP).		Figure 71. A Mohr-Westphal density balance. This instrument was first described in 1832 by the German chemist Carl Friedrich Mohr. It is a balance with two arms, where the equilibrium is reached by adding weight on a tray. This type of instrument was modified by G. Westphal who replaced the tray with an adjustable counterweight. Julien Thoulet used this type of instrument in his studies. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now.
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Top     

Digital Photo Gallery: Arms
 

"Young Boy in Father's Arms on" by William J. Ray Commentary: "I took this while walking through a market (bazaar) in Istanbul, Turkey."

Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers.

Top     

Familiar Quotations: Arms

Top     

Historic Usage: Arms

Top     

Use in Literature: Arms

Top     

Non-Fiction Usage: Arms

Top     

Spoken Usage: Arms

Top     

Speeches: Arms

Top     

Usage Frequency: Arms

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

Top     

Name Usage Frequency: Arms

Top     

Expressions: Arms