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A

Specialty Definition: A

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Specialty Definition: A

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The letter A is the first letter in the Roman alphabet, derived from the Greek letter &Alpha which as in Latin had the sound values /a/ and /a:/. It can be traced back through Etruscan and Greek (α, Alpha¹) to the Semitic 'âlep, which stood for the glottal stop. The Greek names are of Semitic origin, and the Semitic names are known thanks to Hebrew. The Latin, Greek and Old English sound values /a/ and /a:/ gave way to several other vocalic sounds, e.g. [EI] and [æ] in English, the latter formerly represented by an a-e ligature called æsc. In some languages, e.g. Italian, Spanish and German, A is basically still pronounced as in Latin. A was originally a pictogram that stood for the ox (='âlep in Semitic).

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z

On computers using ASCII, the uppercase letter is represented with ASCII code 65 and the lowercase letter with code 97.

In syllogisms, the letter A is used as a symbol for the universal affirmative proposition in the general form "all x is y." The letters I, E and O are used respectively for the particular affirmative "some x is y," the universal negative "no x is y," and the particular negative "some x is not y." The use of these letters is generally derived from the vowels of the two Latin verbs affirmo (or AIo), "I assert," and nego, "I deny." The use of the symbols dates from the 13th century, though some authorities trace their origin to the Greek logicians. A is also used frequently in abbreviations.

The above usage is copied in mathematics and logic, the symbol ∀ (an inverted letter A), called the universal quantifier, is used to mean "for all...". Example: ∀x x+x=2x.

¹ Alpha represents the letter A in the NATO phonetic alphabet.

A is also:

• A musical note
• The English indefinite article, see A, an
• The stock symbol for Agilent Technologies Incorporated.
• The HTML element for an anchor tag.
• An album by Jethro Tull, see A
• An Italian film, A, made in 1969
• The heater (filament) power supply (originally a battery) of vacuum tube circuitry.
• The symbol for the SI unit ampere or amp
• With a ring over (Å), the symbol for the unit angstrom
• The symbol for the surface area unit are (a)
• A is one of the Blood types.

See also: ª, À, Á, Â, Ã, Ä (Ae), Å (Aa), Æ, Ă

Two-letter combinations starting with A:

• aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az

A. This letter of ours corresponds to the first symbol in the Phoenician alphabet and in almost all its descendants. In Phoenician, a, like the symbols for e and for o, did not represent a vowel, but a breathing; the vowels originally were not represented by any symbol. When the alphabet was adopted by the Greeks it was not very well fitted to represent the sounds of their language. The breathings which were not required in Greek were accordingly employed to represent some of the vowel sounds, other vowels, like i and u, being represented by an adaptation of the symbols for the semi-vowels y and w. The Phoenician name, which must have corresponded closely to the Hebrew Aleph, was taken over by the Greeks in the form Alpha (alpsa). The earliest authority for this, as for the names of the other Greek letters, is the grammatical drama (grammatike Ieoria) of Callias, an earlier contemporary of Euripides, from whose works four trimeters, containing the names of all the Greek letters, are preserved in Athenaeus x. 453 d.

The form of the letter has varied considerably. In the earliest of the Phoenician, Aramaic and Greek inscriptions (the oldest Phoenician dating about 1000 B.C., the oldest Aramaic from the 8th, and the oldest Greek from the 8th or 7th century B.C.) A rests upon its side thus -- @. In the Greek alphabet of later times it generally resembles the modern capital letter, but many local varieties can be distinguished by the shortening of one leg, or by the angle at which the cross line is set-- @, &c. From the Greeks of the west the alphabet was borrowed by the Romans and from them has passed to the other nations of western Europe. In the earliest Latin inscriptions, such as the inscription found in the excavation of the Roman Forum in 1899, or that on a golden fibula found at Praeneste in 1886 (see Alphabet). Fine letters are still identical in form with those of the western Greeks. Latin develops early various forms, which are comparatively rare in Greek, as @, or unknown, as @. Except possibly Faliscan, the other dialects of Italy did not borrow their alphabet directly from the western Greeks as the Romans did, but received it at second hand through the Etruscans. In Oscan, where the writing of early inscriptions is no less careful than in Latin, the A takes the form @, to which the nearest parallels are found in north Greece (Boeotia, Locris, and Thessaly, and there only sporadically) .

In Greek the symbol was used for both the long and the short sound, as in English father (a) and German Ratte a; English, except in dialects, has no sound corresponding precisely to the Greek short a, which, so far as can be ascertained, was a mid-back-wide sound, according to the terminology of H. Sweet (Primer of Phonetics, p. 107). Throughout the history of Greek the short sound remained practically unchanged. On the other hand, the long sound of a in the Attic and Ionic dialects passed into an open e-sound, which in the Ionic alphabet was represented by the same symbol as the original e-sound. The vowel sounds vary from language to language, and the a symbol has, in consequence, to represent in many cases sounds which are not identical with the Greek a whether long or short, and also to represent several different vowel sounds in the same language. Thus the Oxford English Dictionary distinguishes about twelve separate vowel sounds, which are represented by a in English.

In general it may be said that the chief changes which affect the a-sound in different languages arise from (1) rounding, (2) fronting, i.e. changing from a sound produced far back in the mouth to a sound produced farther forward. The rounding is often produced by combination with rounded consonants (as in English was, wall, &c.), the rounding of the preceding consonant being continued into the formation of the vowel sound. Rounding has also been produced by a following l-sound, as in the English fall, small, bald, &c. (see Sweet's History of English Sounds, 2nd ed., sec. sec. 906, 784). The effect of fronting is seen in the Ionic and Attic dialects of Greek, where the original name of the Medes, Madoi, with a in the first syllable (which survives in Cypriot Greek as Madoi), is changed into Medoi (Medoi), with an open e-sound instead of the earlier a. In the later history of Greek this sound is steadily narrowed till it becomes identical with i (as in English seed). The first part of the process has been almost repeated by literary English, a (ah) passing into e (eh), though in present-day pronunciation the sound has developed further into a diphthongal ei except before r, as in hare (Sweet, op. cit. sec. 783).

In English a represents unaccented forms of several words, e.g. an (one), of, have, he, and or various prefixes the history of which is given in detail in the Oxford English Dictionary.

As a symbol the letter is used in various connexions and for various technical purposes, e.g. for a note in music, for the first of the seven dominical letters (this use is derived from its being the first of the litterae nundinales at Rome), and generally as a sign of priority.

In Shipping, A1 is a symbol used to denote quality of construction and material. In the various shipping registers ships are classed and given a rating after an official examination, and assigned a classification mark, which appears in addition to other particulars in those registers after the name of the ship. See Shipbuilding. It is popularly used to indicate the highest degree of excellence.

The above is from an original text from 1911 EB.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "A."

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A (album)

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A is an album by Jethro Tull. It was released on August 29, 1980 in the U.K and September 1 of the same year in the United States. The album was recorded in the summer of 1980 using Maison Rouge Mobile and Maison Rouge Studios in Fulham, London. Eddie Jobson guested on the album, playing keybords and electric violin. The album was produced by Ian Anderson and Robin Black.

The album included the following musicians:

• Ian Anderson (flute, vocals)
• Martin Barre (electric guitar)
• Mark Craney (drums)
• Dave Pegg (bass)

Track listing:

1. Crossfire
2. Fylingdale Flyer
3. Working John, Working Joe
4. Black Sunday
5. Protect and Survive
6. Batteries Not Included
7. Uniform
8. 4.W.D. (Low Ratio)
9. The Pine Marten's Jig
10. And Further On

    Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "A (album)."

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A, an

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A and an function primarily as the indefinite forms of the grammatical article in the English language.

An is the older form, now used only before words starting with a vowel sound (and sometimes words beginning with an H sound in an unstressed syllable as in an historic event, but this usage is fading).

Indeed, the N has wandered back and forth between words beginning with vowels over the history of the language, where sometimes it would be a nuncle and is now an uncle. The Oxford English Dictionary gives such examples as smot hym on the hede with a nege tool from 1448 for smote him on the head with an edge tool and a nox for an ox and a napple for an apple. Sometimes the change has been permanent. For example, a newt was once an ewt (earlier euft and eft), a nickname was once an eke-name, where eke means "extra" (as in eke out meaning "add to"), and in the other direction, an orange was once a norange.

In addition to serving as an article, a and an are also used as synonyms for the number one, as in "make a wish", "a hundred". An is an older spelling of "one".

A and an are also used to express a proportional relationship, such as "a dollar a day" or "$50 an ounce".

See also the.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "A, an."

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Adenine

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Adenine is one of the purine basess used in forming nucleotides of DNA and RNA.

Adenine forms adenosine, a nucleoside, when attached to ribose and deoxyadenosine when attached to deoxyribose, and it forms Adenosine triphosphate, a nucleotide, when one or more phosphate group is added to adenosine. Adenosine triphosphate is used in all known cellular metabolisms as one of the basic methods of transferring chemical energy between reactions.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Adenine."

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Albanian alphabet

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The Albanian alphabet consists of 36 letters:

A, B, C, Ç, D, Dh, E, Ë, F, G, Gj, H, I, J, K, L, Ll, M, N, Nj, O, P, Q, R, Rr, S, Sh, T, Th, U, V, X, Xh, Y, Z, Zh.

Pronunciation (146KB OGG Vorbis file)

(Note: the 7 vowels are in bold)

These letters correspond to SAMPA values:

a, b, ts, tS, d, D, E, @, f, g, g_j, h, i, j, k, 5, l, m, n, J, O, p, k_j, r, rr, s, S, t, T, u, v, dz, dZ, y, z, Z

History

The Albanian alphabet was the result of an evolutionary process of several different versions. The first major attempt at forming an Albanian alphabet was made by Naum Veqilharxhi in 1824 who wanted Albanians to have their own alphabet and not be influences by Greek and Arabic ones. He formed a 33-letter alphabet from Latin alphabets and called it Evetor. This alphabet was mainly used in southern Albania. Other variants of the time included a Catholic alphabet used by Arbëreshë (Italo-Albanians), an Arabic one favored by the pashas, and the Istanbul one created by Sami Frashëri based on the Latin script with certain Greek characters. The latter became widely used as it was also adopted by the Istanbul Society for the Printing of Albanian Writings, which in 1879 printed Alfabetare, the first ABC. Another variant similar to the Istanbul one, Bashkimi, was developed by the Albanian literary society Bashkimi (The Union) in Shkodër with the help of Catholic clergy and Franciscans that aimed to be simpler. Yet another version, Agimi, was developed by another literary society called Agimi (The Dawn) and spearheaded by Ndre Mjeda in 1901.

In November 1908, an alphabet Congress was held in Monastir. It aimed to unify Albanians behind one alphabet and some prominent delegates included Midhat Frashëri, Sotir Peçi, Shahin Kolonja, and Gjergj D. Kyrias. There was much debate and the contending alphabets were Istanbul, Bashkimi, and Agimi. However, the Congress was unable to make a clear decision and opted for a compromise solution of using both the widely used Istanbul one and a new Latin one.

During 1909 and 1910 there were movements by Young Turks supporters to adopt an Arabic script alphabet as they considered the Latin script to be against religious law and Islam. In Korçë and Gjirokastër demonstrations took place favoring the Latin alphabet, whereas in Elbasan a demonstration for the Arabic alphabet took place led by muslim clerics (hoxhas) that told muslims they would be infidels if they used the Latin script.

In 1911, the Young Turks dropped their opposition to the Latin script and finally the adoption of a revised Bashkimi alphabet that is still used today took place. Both Ghegs in the northern Albania and Tosks in the south adopted the alphabet though their respective dialects of Albanian differ somewhat.

Reference

The history of the albanian alphabet is based on the article by Van Christo [1] and it is used with permission.

See also

• Albanian language

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Albanian alphabet."

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Algebraic number

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

An algebraic number is any real or complex number that is a solution of a polynomial equation of the form

a_nxⁿ + a_n-1x^n-1 + ... + a₁x¹ + a₀ = 0

where n > 0 and every a_i is an integer, and a_n is nonzero.

All rational numbers are algebraic because every fraction a / b is a solution of bx - a = 0. Some irrational numbers such as 2^1/2 (the square root of 2) and 3^1/3/2 (the cube root of 3 divided by 2) are also algebraic because they are the solutions of x² - 2 = 0 and 8x³ - 3 = 0, respectively. But not all real numbers are algebraic. Examples of this are &pi and e. If a complex number is not an algebraic number then it is called a transcendental number.

If an algebraic number satisifies such an equation as given above with a polynomial of degree n and not such an equation with a lower degree, then the number is said to be an algebraic number of degree n.

The sum, difference, product and quotient of two algebraic numbers is again algebraic, and the algebraic numbers therefore form a field. It can be shown that if we allow the coefficients a_i to be any algebraic numbers then every solution of the equation will again be an algebraic number. This can be rephrased by saying that the field of algebraic numbers is algebraically closed. In fact, it is the smallest algebraically closed field containing the rationals, and is therefore called the algebraic closure of the rationals.

All numbers which can be written starting from the rationals using only the arithmetical operations +,-,*,/ and square roots, cube roots etc. are algebraic. The converse however is not true: there are algebraic numbers which cannot be written in this manner. All of these numbers have degree ≥ 5. This is a result of Galois theory.

An algebraic number which satisfies a polynomial equation of degree n as above with a_n = 1 is called an algebraic integer. Examples of algebraic integers are 3×2^1/2 + 5 and 6i - 2. The sum, difference and product of algebraic integers are again algebraic integers, which means that the algebraic integers form a ring. The name algebraic integer comes from the fact that the only rational numbers which are algebraic integers are the integers.

Both the notions of algebraic number and algebraic integer may be usefully generalized to fields other than the complex numbers; see algebraic extension and integral closure.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Algebraic number."

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Amp

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Amp can be an abbreviation of:

• ampere - the SI unit of electrical current.
• amplifier - a piece of electronic equipment that increases the power of a signal

This is a disambiguation page; that is, one that just points to other pages that might otherwise have the same name. If you followed a link here, you might want to go back and fix that link to point to the appropriate specific page.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Amp."

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Ampere

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

In physics, the ampere (symbol: A, often informally abbreviated to amp) is the SI base unit used to measure electrical currentss. By definition, 1 ampere is that constant current which, if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible circular cross-section, and placed 1 metre apart in vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2x10^-7 newton per meter of length.

The ampere is named after André-Marie Ampère, one of the main discoverers of electromagnetism.

The unit of electric charge, the coulomb, is defined in terms of the ampere: 1 coulomb is the amount of electric charge carried in a current of 1 ampere flowing for 1 second. (By SI standards, 1 coulomb per second is actually equal to 0.999835 ampere.)

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Ampere."

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Aozora Bunko: A

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

See Aozora Bunko

• Aah kazoku sama dayo to watashi ha uso wo tsuku nodeatta by On Watanabe (August 26,1902 - February 10,1930)
• Ababababa by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1,1892 - July 24,1927)
• Abe ichizoku (Abe family) by Ogai Mori (February 17,1862 - July 9,1922)
• Aburae shin gihou by Narashige Koide (October 13,1887 - February 13,1931)
• Ada utare gesaku by Fubo Hayashi (January 17,1900 - June 29,1935)
• Adauchi kinshirei by Kan Kikuchi (December 26,1888 - March 6,1948)
• Adauchi santai by Kan Kikuchi (December 26,1888 - March 6,1948)
• Aguni no kami by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1,1892 - July 24,1927)
• Ah Aki (Oh, fall) by Osamu Dazai (June 19,1909 - June 13,1948)
• Ahen (Opium) by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1,1892 - July 24,1927)
• Ai irono hiki by Takuji Ote (December 3,1887 - April 18,1934)
• Ai to bi ni tsuite by Osamu Dazai (June 19,1909 - June 13,1948)
• Ai to kon'in (Love and marriage)'' by Kyoka Izumi (November 4,1873 - September 7,1939)
• Ai to ninshikito no shuppatsu by Hyakuzo Kurata (February 23,1891 - February 12,1943)
• Ajisai by Kyoka Izumi (November 4,1873 - September 7,1939)
• Aka gaeru (Red frog) by Kensaku Shimaki (September 7,1903 - August 17,1945)
• Akahata-jiken no kaiko by Toshihiko Sakai (November 25,1871 - January 23,1933)
• Akai entotsu by On Watanabe (August 26,1902 - February 10,1930)
• Akai kasha by Yuriko Miyamoto (February 13,1899 - January 21,1951)
• Akarui kaihin by Yuriko Miyamoto (February 13,1899 - January 21,1951)
• Akaruikouba by Yuriko Miyamoto (February 13,1899 - January 21,1951)
• Akatsuki to yuube no uta by Michizo Tachihara (July 30,1914 - March 29,1939)
• Aki nikki by Tamiki Hara (November 15,1905 - March 13,1951)
• Aki no kasa by Sakunosuke Oda (October 26,1913 - January 10,1947)
• Aki no nanakusa ni soete by Kanoko Okamoto (March 1,1889 - February 18,1939)
• Aki to manpo by Sakutaro Hagiwara (November 1,1886 - May 11,1942)
• Aki (Fall) by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1,1892 - July 24,1927)
• Akikusa to mushi no ne by Bokusui Wakayama (August 24,1885 - September 17,1928)
• Akino hitomi by Jukichi Yagi (February 9,1898 - October 26,1927)
• Akisame no tsuioku by Kanoko Okamoto (March 1,1889 - February 18,1939)
• Akumano shita (Devil's Tongue) by Kaita Murayama (September 15,1896 - February 20,1919)
• Akumu by Tamiki Hara (November 15,1905 - March 13,1951)
• Akutagawa no kotodomo by Kan Kikuchi (December 26,1888 - March 6,1948)
• Akutagawa Ryuunosu kekashuu by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1,1892 - July 24,1927)
• Alia (or Aria) jin'no kodoku by Enzo Matsunaga (April 26,1895 - November 20,1938)
• Ameno kaisou by Toriko Wakasugi (December 21,1892 - December 18,1937)
• Amenohi ni kou wotaku by Kyukin Susukida (May 19,1877 - October 9,1945)
• Amenoyo by Ichiyo Higuchi (May 2,1872 - November 23,1896)
• Anchuu mondou by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1,1892 - July 24,1927)
• Andou Shoueki by Kokichi Kano (July 28,1865 - December 22,1942)
• Ane (Elder brother's wife) by Shizu Shiraki (March 26,1895 - January 29,1918)
• Anitachi by Osamu Dazai (June 19,1909 - June 13,1948)
• Ano jibun by Doppo Kunikida (July 15,1871 - June 23,1908)
• Anokoro no jibun' no koto by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1,1892 - July 24,1927)
• Anzunowakaba by Yuriko Miyamoto (February 13,1899 - January 21,1951)
• Aoi kao (Blue face) by Sosen Mishima (July 30,1876 - March 7,1934)
• Aoi meno ningyou (Blue eye's doll) by Ujo Noguchi (May 29,1882 - January 27,1945)
• Aojiroki yume by Shizu Shiraki (March 26,1895 - January 29,1918)
• Aoki no shukkyou by Kan Kikuchi (December 26,1888 - March 6,1948)
• Aokusa by Gisaburo Juichiya (October 14,1897 - April 2,1937)
• Aomori by Osamu Dazai'' (June 19,1909 - June 13,1948)
• Arajotai by Shusei Tokuda (December 23,1871 - November 18,1943)
• Arakure by Shusei Tokuda (December 23,1871 - November 18,1943)
• Arashi by Toson Shimazaki (March 25,1872 - August 22,1943)
• Arasowarenai jijitsu (Uncontroversial fact) by Takiji Kobayashi (October 13,1903 - February 20,1933)
• Aru ahou no isshou by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1,1892 - July 24,1927)
• Aru eiji goroshi nodouki by Toshiro Sasaki (April 14,1900 - March 13,1933)
• Aru haha no hanashi (Some mother's tail) by On Watanabe (August 26,1902 - February 10,1930)
• Aru hino ooishi kuranosuke by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1,1892 - July 24,1927)
• Aru katakiuchi no hanashi by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1,1892 - July 24,1927)
• Aru kyuuyuu he okuru shuki by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1,1892 - July 24,1927)
• Aru otoko no daraku by Noe Ito (January 21,1895 - September 16,1923)
• Aru otoko no koibumi shoshiki by Kanoko Okamoto (March 1,1889 - February 18,1939)
• Aru otoko no shi by Kanoko Okamoto (March 1,1889 - February 18,1939)
• Aru ren'ai shousetsu (One love novel) by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1,1892 - July 24,1927)
• Aru seishin'ijousha by Maurice Level (1876 - 1926)
• Aru tegami (Some letter) by Tamiki Hara (November 15,1905 - March 13,1951)
• Aru uchuujin' no himitsu by Juza Unno (December 26,1897 - May 17,1949)
• Arume by Yumeji Takehisa (September 16,1884 - September 1,1934)
• Asamashikimono by Osamu Dazai (June 19,1909 - June 13,1948)
• Asameshi (Breakfast) by Toson Shimazaki (March 25,1872 - August 22,1943)
• Asano kaze by Yuriko Miyamoto (February 13,1899 - January 21,1951)
• Ashizumou by Isota Kamura (December 15,1897 - November 30,1933)
• Asobi by Ogai Mori (February 17,1862 - July 9,1922)
• Atama narabini hara by Riichi Yokomitsu (March 17,1898 - December 30,1947)
• Awarenaru hatsukanezumi by Hyakuzo Kurata (February 23,1891 - February 12,1943)
• Ayuduri ni sugoshita natsuyasumi by Bokusui Wakayama (August 24,1885 - September 17,1928)
• Azu by Mashio Fujishita (b. 1961)
• Azusagawa no jouryuu by Usui Kojima (December 29,1873 - December 13,1948)

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Aozora Bunko: A."

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ATTAC

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Association for the Taxation of Financial Transactions for the Aid of Citizens (ATTAC - Association pour la Taxation des Transactions pour l'Aide aux Citoyens) is an activist organization for the establishment of a tax on exchange transactions.

Originally a single-issue movement demanding the introduction of the so-called Tobin tax on currency-speculation, ATTAC now devotes itself to a wide range of issues related to globalization, monitoring the decisions of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). ATTAC attends the meetings of the G8 with the goal of influencing policymakers' decisions.

Though ATTAC criticizes the neoliberal ideology dominating economic globalization, it is not "anti-globalization". It supports globalization policies that are sustainable and socially just. One of ATTAC's slogans is "The World is not merchandise", denouncing the merchandization of society.

Organizational History and Background

In December 1997, Ignacio Ramonet wrote in Le Monde diplomatique, an editorial in which he advocated for the establishment of the Tobin tax and the creation of an organization to pressure governments around the world to introduce the tax. ATTAC was created on June 3, 1998, during a constitutive assembly in France. While it was founded in France it now exists in over forty countries around the world. In France, politicians from the left and the right are members of the association.

ATTAC functions on a principle of decentralization: local associations organize meetings, conferences, and compose documents that become counter-arguments to the neoliberal discourse. ATTAC aims to formalize the possibility of an alternative to the neoliberal society that is currently required of globalization. ATTAC aspires to be a movement of popular education.

Critics say that ATTAC constitutes an identity-based reactionary group and that, contrary to that which ATTAC affirms, it does not speak in the name of the poorest. Another criticism is that ATTAC promotes policies that are in reality plain protectionism of the developed countries against the Third World, be it in agriculture or in industry, and thus will prevent the Third World from developing itself through trade.

The main issues covered by ATTAC today are:

• Democratic control of financial markets (e.g. Tobin tax)
• Fair instead of "free" trade ( WTO, IMF, Worldbank, EU, NAFTA, FTAA, G8)
• Social security systems (it is against privatization of pensions and of the health system)
• Against tax evasion (tax havens, TNCs)
• Sustainable globalisation

In France, ATTAC associates with many other left-wing causes.

ATTAC supports José Bové.

See Also

• Anti-globalization movement

External links

• ATTAC homepage
• Disarming the markets, editorial by Ignacio Ramonet
• ATTAC Germany also has a group on Intellectual Property and (Software) Patents

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "ATTAC."

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Casualties of the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks: A

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Casualties

Planes - World Trade Center - Pentagon

Anna Williams Allison
Abdulrahman Alomari, suspected hijacker
Wail Alshehri, suspected hijacker
Waleed Alshehri, suspected hijacker
Satam Al Suqami, suspected hijacker
David Angell
Lynn Angell
sep11:Seima Aoyama
sep11:Myra Aronson
Mohammad Atta, suspected hijacker

See also : September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attack

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Casualties of the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks: A."

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Chessboard

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The board used in the game of chess consists of eight rows and eight columns of squares arranged in alternating colors. The colors are called "black" and "white", although the actual colors are usually dark green and buff for boards used in competition, and often natural shades of light and dark woods for home boards. Some play sets may use red and black, which is also used for checkers.

The board is always placed so that the rightmost square on the row nearest each player is a "white" square.

In modern commentary, the columns (called files) are labeled by the letters a to h from left to right from the white player's point of view, and the rows (called ranks) by the numbers 1 to 8 from the white player's point of view, thus providing a standard notation called Algebraic chess notation.

In older English commentary, the files are labeled by the piece originally occupying its first rank, and ranks by the numbers 1 to 8 from each player's point of view, depending on the move being described. This is called English chess notation, and is no longer commonly used.

At the start of the game, the pieces are arranged in ranks 1 and 2 as follows:

Rank 1 contains rook, knight, bishop, queen, king, bishop, knight, and rook in this order from left to right. The three pieces on the Queen's side are called "queen's rook", "queen's knight" etc., and the other pieces are "king's rook", "king's bishop", etc. Rank 2 contains eight pawnss. Black's pieces on ranks 7 and 8 are a mirror image of white's. In particular, both kings share the same file (file e), as do both queens (on file d). This is often remembered by noting that each queen sits on a square of her own color.

The image at the top of this page is a graphical representation of this starting position, with the files and ranks labeled. By convention, diagrams display the starting position of the white pieces at the bottom of the board.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Chessboard."

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List of airports: A

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of airports: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

A

• AAE Annaba, Algeria
• AAL Alborg, Denmark
• AAR Aarhus, Denmark
• ABD Abadan, Iran
• ABE Allentown, Pennsylvania, United States near Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
• ABI Abilene, Texas, United States
• ABJ Port Bouet Airport, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
• ABM Bamaga, Australia
• ABQ Albuquerque International Sunport, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
• ABR Aberdeen, South Dakota, United States
• ABS Abu Simbel, Egypt
• ABX Albury, Australia
• ABY Albany, Georgia, United States
• ABZ Aberdeen, United Kingdom
• ACA Alvarez International Airport, Acapulco, Mexico
• ACC Kotoka International Airport, Accra, Ghana
• ACE Arrecife, Spain, near Lanzarote
• ACY Atlantic City International Airport, Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States
• ADA Adana, Turkey
• ADD Bole International Airport, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
• ADE Aden, Yemen
• ADL Adelaide International Airport, West Beach, Australia, near Adelaide
• ADX Aktyubinsk, Kazakhastan
• ADY Alldays, South Africa
• AEP Aeroparque Jorge Newbery, Argentina
• AER Adler and Sochi, Russia
• AES Ålesund Airport Vigra, Norway
• AEX Alexandria, Louisiana, United States
• AGA Agadir, Morocco
• AGB Augsburg, Germany
• AGS Augusta Regional Airport, Augusta, Georgia, United States
• AGU Aguascalientes, Mexico
• AGZ Aggneys, South Africa
• AHN Athens, Georgia, United States
• AHO Alghero Sassari, Italy
• AHU Al Hoceima, Morocco
• AJA Ajaccio, France
• AJN Anjouan, Comoros
• AJU Aracaju, Brazil
• AJY Agades, Niger
• AKJ Asahikawa Airport, near Asahikawa, Japan
• AKL Auckland International Airport, Mangere, New Zealand, nearAuckland
• ALB Albany International Airport, Albany, New York, United States
• ALC Alicante, Spain
• ALG Algiers, Algeria
• ALH Albany, Australia
• ALJ Alexander Bay, South Africa
• ALV Andorra La Vella, Andorra
• ALY Alexandria, Egypt
• AMA Rick Husband Amarillo International Airport, Amarillo, Texas, United States
• AMD Ahmedabad International Airport, Ahmedabad, India
• AMM Queen Alia Airport, Amman, Jordan
• AMS Schiphol Airport, Haarlemmermeer, Netherlands, near Amsterdam
• ANB Anniston, Alabama, United States
• ANC Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport, Anchorage, Alaska, United States
• ANK Ankara, Turkey
• ANR Antwerp, Belgium
• ANU V. C. Bird International Airport, Antigua, Antigua and Barbuda
• AOH Lima Allen County Airport, Lima, Ohio
• AOI Ancona, Italy
• AOJ Aomori, Japan
• AOO Altoona, Pennsylvania, United States
• APF Naples Municipal Airport, Naples, Florida, United States
• APN Alpena County Regional Airport, Alpena, Michigan, United States
• APW Apia, Western Samoa
• AQJ Aqaba, Jordan
• ARB Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
• ARN Arlanda Airport, Stockholm, Sweden
• ASE Aspen-Pitkin County Airport, Aspen, Colorado, United States
• ASJ Amami, Japan
• ASK Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire
• ASP Alice Springs, Australia
• ATH Eleftherios Venizelos Airport, Spata, near Athens, Greece (succeeded Ellinikon International Airport)
• ATL William B. Hartsfield International Airport, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
• ATQ Amritsar, India
• ATW Appleton, Wisconsin, United States, near Neenah, Wisconsin, and Menasha, Wisconsin
• AUA Queen Beatrix International Airport, near Orenjasted, Aruba
• AUG Augusta Airport, Augusta, Maine, United States
• AUH Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
• AUR Aurillac, France
• AUS Bergstrom International Airport, Austin, Texas, United States
• AVL Asheville Regional Airport, Fletcher, North Carolina, United States, near Asheville, North Carolina
• AXA Anguilla
• AXS Armenia, Colombia
• AXT Akita, Japan
• AYQ Ayers Rock, Australia
• AYR Ayr, Australia
• AYT Antalya, Turkey
• AZO Kalamazoo-Battle Creek International Airport, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of airports: A."

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List of Biblical names starting with A

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of Biblical names
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - Y - Z

• Aaron, a teacher; lofty; mountain of strength
• Abaddon, the destroyer
• Abagtha, father of the wine-press
• Abana, made of stone; a building
• Abarim, passages; passengers
• Abba, father
• Abda, a servant; servitude
• Abdeel, a vapor; a cloud of God
• Abdi, my servant
• Abdiel, servant of God
• Abdon, servant; cloud of judgment
• Abednego, servant of light; shining
• Abel, vanity; breath; vapor
• Abel, a city; mourning
• Abel-beth-maachah, mourning to the house of Maachah
• Abel-maim, mourning of waters
• Abel-meholah, mourning of sickness
• Abel-mizraim, the mourning of Egyptians
• Abel-shittim, mourning of thorns
• Abez, an egg; muddy
• Abi, my father
• Abiah, (or Abia) the Lord is my father
• Abi-albon, most intelligent father
• Abiasaph, consuming father; gathering
• Abiathar, excellent father; father of the remnant
• Abib, green fruit; ears of corn
• Abidah, (or Abida) father of knowledge
• Abidan, father of judgment
• Abiel, God my father
• Abiezer, (or Abieezer) father of help
• Abigail, the father's joy
• Abihail, the father of strength
• Abihu, he is my father
• Abihud, father of praise; confession
• Abijah, the Lord is my father
• Abijam, father of the sea
• Abilene, the father of mourning
• Abimael, a father sent from God
• Abimelech, father of the king
• Abinadab, father of a vow, or of willingness
• Abinoam, father of beauty
• Abiram, high father; father of deceit
• Abishag, ignorance of the father
• Abishai, the present of my father
• Abishalom, father of peace
• Abishua, father of salvation
• Abishur, father of the wall; father of uprightness
• Abital, the father of the dew; or of the shadow
• Abitub, father of goodness
• Abiud, father of praise
• Abner, father of light
• Abram, high father
• Abraham, father of a great multitude
• Absalom, father of peace
• Accad, a vessel; pitcher; spark
• Accho, close; pressed together
• Aceldama, field of blood
• Achab, brother of the father
• Achaia, grief; trouble
• Achaicus, a native of Achaia; sorrowing; sad
• Achan, or Achar, he that troubleth
• Achaz, one that takes, or possesses
• Achbor, a rat; bruising
• Achim, preparing; revenging; confirming
• Achish, thus it is; how is this
• Achmetha, brother of death
• Achor, trouble
• Achsah, adorned; bursting the veil
• Achshaph, poison; tricks
• Achzib, liar; lying; one that runs
• Adadah, testimony of the assembly
• Adah, an assembly
• Adaiah, the witness of the Lord
• Adaliah, one that draws water; poverty; cloud; death
• Adam, earthy; red
• Adamah, red earth; of blood
• Adami, my man; red; earthy; human
• Adar, high; eminent
• Adbeel, vapor, or cloud of God
• Addi, my witness; adorned; prey
• Addin, adorned; delicious; voluptuous
• Addon, basis; foundation; the Lord
• Adiel, the witness of the Lord
• Adin, Adina, adorned; voluptuous; dainty
• Adithaim, assemblies; testimonies
• Adlai, my witness; my ornament
• Admah, earthy; red; bloody
• Admatha, a cloud of death; a mortal vapor
• Adna, pleasure; delight
• Adnah, eternal rest
• Adoni-bezek, (or Adonibezek) the lightning of the Lord; the Lord of lightning
• Adonijah, the Lord is my master
• Adonikam, the Lord is raised
• Adoniram, my Lord is most high; Lord of might and elevation
• Adoni-zedek, justice of the Lord; lord of justice
• Adoraim, strength of the sea
• Adoram, their beauty; their power
• Adrammelech, the cloak, glory, grandeur or power of the king
• Adramyttium, the court of death
• Adriel, the flock of God
• Adullam, their testimony; their prey; their ornament
• Adummim, earthy; red; bloody things
• Aeneas, praised; praiseworthy
• Aenon, a cloud; fountain; his eye
• Agabus, a locust; the father's joy or feast
• Agag, roof; upper floor
• Agar, or Hagar, a stranger; one that fears
• Agee, a valley; deepness
• Agrippa, one who causes great pain at his birth
• Agur, stranger; gathered together
• Ahab, uncle, or father's brother
• Aharah, a smiling brother; a meadow of a sweet savor
• Aharhel, another host; the last sorrow; a brother's sheep
• Ahasbai, trusting in me; a grown-up brother
• Ahasuerus, prince; head; chief
• Ahava, essence; being; generation
• Ahaz, one that takes or possesses
• Ahaziah, seizure; vision of the Lord
• Ahi, my brother; my brethren
• Ahiah, brother of the Lord
• Ahiam, mother's brother; brother of a nation
• Ahian, brother of wine
• Ahiezer, brother of assistance
• Ahihud, brother of vanity, or of darkness, or of joy, or of praise; witty brother
• Ahijah, same with Ahiah
• Ahikam, a brother who raises up or avenges
• Ahilud, a brother born, or begotten
• Ahimaaz, a brother of the council
• Ahiman, brother of the right hand
• Ahimelech, my brother is a king; my king's brother
• Ahimoth, brother of death
• Ahinadab, a willing brother; brother of a vow
• Ahinoam, beauty of the brother; brother of motion
• Ahio, his brother; his brethren
• Ahira, brother of iniquity; brother of the shepherd
• Ahiram, brother of craft, or of protection
• Ahisamach, brother of strength
• Ahishahur, brother of the morning or dew; brother of blackness
• Ahishar, brother of a prince; brother of a song
• Ahithophel, brother of ruin or folly
• Ahitub, brother of goodness
• Ahlab, made of milk, or of fat; brother of the heart
• Ahlai, beseeching; sorrowing; expecting
• Ahoah, a live brother; my thorn or thistle
• Aholah, his tabernacle; his tent
• Aholiab, the tent of the father
• Aholibah, my tent, or my tabernacle, in her
• Aholibamah, my tabernacle is exalted
• Ahumai, a meadow of waters; a brother of waters
• Ahuzam, their taking or possessing vision
• Ahuzzah, possession; seizing; collecting
• Ai, or Hai, mass; heap
• Aiah, vulture, raven; an isle; alas, where is it?
• Aiath, same as Ai; an hour; eye; fountain
• Aijeleth-Shahar, (or Aijeleth Shahar) the land of the morning
• Ain, same as Aiath
• Ajalon, a chain; strength; a stag
• Akkub, foot-print; supplanting; crookedness; lewdness
• Akrabbim, scorpions
• Alammelech, God is king
• Alemeth, hiding; youth; worlds; upon the dead
• Alexander, one who assists men
• Alian, high
• Alleluia, praise the Lord
• Allon, an oak; strong
• Allon-bachuth, the oak of weeping
• Almodad, measure of God
• Almon, hidden
• Almon-diblathaim, hidden in a cluster of fig trees
• Alpheus, a thousand; learned; chief
• Alush, mingling together
• Alvah, his rising up; his highness
• Amad, people of witness; a prey
• Amal, labor; iniquity
• Amalek, a people that licks up
• Aman, mother; fear of them
• Amana, integrity; truth; a nurse
• Amariah, the Lord says; the integrity of the Lord
• Amasa, sparing the people
• Amasai, strong
• Amashai, the people's gift
• Amashi-ali, same as Amaziah
• Ami, mother; fear; people
• Amaziah, the strength of the Lord
• Aminadab, same as Amminadab
• Amittai, true; fearing
• Ammah, my, or his, people
• Ammi, same as Ammah
• Ammiel, the people of God
• Ammihud, people of praise
• Ammi-nadab, my people is liberal
• Ammishaddai, the people of the Almighty; the Almighty is with me
• Ammizabad, dowry of the people
• Ammon, a people; the son of my people
• Amnon, faithful and true; tutor
• Amok, a valley; a depth
• Amon, faithful; true
• Amorite, bitter; a rebel; a babbler
• Amos, loading; weighty
• Amoz, strong; robust
• Amplias, large; extensive
• Amram, an exalted people; their sheaves; handfuls of corn
• Amraphel, one that speaks of secrets
• Amzi, strong, mighty
• Anab, a grape; a knot
• Anah, one who answers; afflicted
• Anaharath, dryness, burning, wrath
• Anak, a collar; ornament
• Anamim, a fountain; answer; affliction
• Anammelech, answer; poverty of the king
• Anani, a cloud; prophecy; divination
• Ananias, or Ananiah, the cloud of the Lord
• Anathema, separated; set apart
• Anathoth, or Anath, answer; song; poverty
• Andrew, a strong man
• Andronicus, a man excelling others
• Anem, or Anen, an answer; their affliction
• Aner, answer; song; affliction
• Aniam, a people; the strength or sorrow of people
• Anim, answerings; singings; afflicted
• Anna, gracious; one who gives
• Annas, one who answers; humble
• Antichrist, an adversary to Christ
• Antioch, speedy as a chariot
• Antipas, for all, or against all
• Antipatris, for, or against the father
• Antothijah, answers or songs of the Lord; afflictions
• Anub, same as Anab
• Apelles, exclusion; separation
• Apharsathchites, Apharsites (from a root meaning) dividing or rending
• Aphek, Aphekah, Aphik, strength; a rapid torrent
• Aphiah, speaking, blowing
• Apocalypse, uncovering, revelation
• Apocrypha, hidden
• Apollonia, perdition, destruction
• Apollonius, destroying
• Apollos, one who destroys; destroyer
• Apollyon, a destroyer
• Appaim, face; nostrils
• Apphia, productive; fruitful
• Aquila, an eagle
• Ar, awakening; uncovering
• Ara, cursing; seeing
• Arab, multiplying; sowing sedition; a window; a locust
• Arabia, evening; desert; ravens
• Arad, a wild ass; a dragon
• Arah, the way; a traveler
• Aram, highness, magnificence, one that deceives; curse
• Aran, an ark; their curse
• Ararat, the curse of trembling
• Araunah, ark; song; joyful cry
• Arba, four
• Archelaus, the prince of the people
• Archippus, a master of horses
• Arcturus, a gathering together
• Ard, one that commands; he that descends
• Ardon, ruling; a judgment of malediction
• Areli, the light or vision of God
• Areopagus, the hill of Mars
• Aretas, agreeable, virtuous
• Argob, a turf, or fat land
• Ariel, altar; light or lion of God
• Arimathea, a lion dead to the Lord
• Arioch, long; great; tall
• Aristarchus, the best prince
• Aristobulus, a good counselor
• Armageddon, hill of fruits; mountain of Megiddo
• Arnon, rejoicing; sunlight
• Aroer, heath; tamarisk
• Arpad, the light of redemption
• Arphaxad, a healer; a releaser
• Artaxerxes, the silence of light; fervent to spoil
• Artemas, whole, sound
• Arumah, high; exalted
• Asa, physician; cure
• Asahel, creature of God
• Asaiah, the Lord hath wrought
• Asaph, who gathers together
• Asareel, the beatitude of God
• Asenath, peril; misfortune
• Ashan, smoke
• Ashbel, an old fire
• Ashdod, effusion; inclination; theft
• Asher, happiness
• Ashima, crime; offense
• Ashkenaz, a fire that spreads
• Ashnah, change
• Ashriel, same as Asareel
• Ashtaroth, Ashtoreth, flocks; sheep; riches
• Ashur, who is happy; or walks; or looks
• Asia, muddy; boggy
• Asiel, the work of God
• Askelon, weight; balance; fire of infamy
• Asnapper, unhappiness; increase of danger
• Asriel, help of God
• Assir, prisoner; fettered
• Asshurim, liers in want; beholders
• Assos, approaching; coming near
• Assur, same as Ashur
• Assyria, country of Assur or Ashur
• Asuppim, gatherings
• Asyncritus, incomparable
• Atad, a thorn
• Atarah, a crown
• Ataroth, crowns
• Ataroth-addar, crowns of power
• Ater, left hand; shut
• Athach, thy time
• Athaiah, the Lord's time
• Athaliah, the time of the Lord
• Athlai, my hour or time
• Attai, same as Athlai
• Attalia, that increases or sends
• Attalus, increased, nourished
• Augustus, increased, augmented
• Ava, or Ivah, iniquity
• Aven, iniquity; force; riches; sorrow
• Avim, wicked or perverse men
• Avith, wicked, perverse
• Azaliah, near the Lord
• Azaniah, hearing the Lord; the Lord's weapons
• Azareel, help of God
• Azariah, he that hears the Lord
• Azaz, strong one
• Azazel, the scape-goat
• Azaziah, strength of the Lord
• Azekah, strength of walls
• Azgad, a strong army; a gang of robbers
• Azmaveth, strong death; a he-goat
• Azmon, bone of a bone; our strength
• Aznoth-tabor, the ears of Tabor; the ears of purity or contrition
• Azor, a helper; a court
• Azotus, the same as Ashdod
• Azriel, same as Asriel
• Azrikam, help, revenging
• Azubah, forsaken
• Azur, he that assists or is assisted
• Azzan, their strength
• Azzur, same as Azur

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of Biblical names starting with A."

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List of books by title: A

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of books in alphabetical order by title:

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z Note: Titles that begin with A or An should be listed under the next word in the title.

• The Able McLaughlins - Margaret Wilson (1924)
• About a Boy - Nick Hornby (1998)
• Absolute Power - David Baldacci (1996)
• The Acceptance World - Anthony Powell (1955)
• Accident - Danielle Steel (1994)
• The Accidental Tourist - Anne Tyler (1985)
• Account of Corsica - James Boswell (1768)
• The Acrobats - Mordecai Richler (1954)
• Across the River and into the Trees - Ernest Hemingway (1950)
• Actions and Reactions - Rudyard Kipling (1909)
• Adam of the Road - Janet Elizabeth Gray, (1943 Newbery Medal)
• Adding a Dimension (1964)
• The Adult Children of Alcoholics Syndrome - Wayne Kritsberg (1985)
• The Adventurer - Mika Waltari (1950)
• The Adventurers - Harold Robbins (1966)
• Adventures in Two Worlds - A.J. Cronin (1952)
• The Adventures of Augie March - Saul Bellow (1953)
• Adventures of Wim - George Cockcroft as Luke Rhinehart (1986)
• Advertisement for Myself - Norman Mailer (1959)
• Advise and Consent - Allen Drury (1959)
• Aeneid - Vergil
• The Affluent Society - John Kenneth Galbraith (1958)
• African Exploits - Roy MacLaren (1998)
• The Age of Innocence - Edith Wharton (1921)
• The Agony and the Ecstasy - Irving Stone (1961)
• Airlines of North America
• Airport - Arthur Hailey (1968)
• Alaska - James A. Michener (1988)
• The Alchemist - Paulo Coelho (1988)
• The Aleph and Other Stories 1933-1969 - Jorge Luis Borges (1978)
• Ali and Nino - Kurban Said (1970)
• Alias Grace - Margaret Atwood (1996)
• Alice Adams - Booth Tarkington (1922)
• Alice's Adventures in Wonderland - Lewis Carroll (1865)
• All Around the Town - Mary Higgins Clark (1992)
• All Creatures Great and Small) - James Herriot (1972)
• All the President's Men - Carl Bernstein & Bob Woodward (1974)
• All Through the Night - Mary Higgins Clark (1998)
• Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste (19th century), encyclopedia
• L'Amant - Marguerite Duras (1984)
• Amazing Adventures of Kavalier & Clay: A Novel, The - Michael Chabon (2000)
• The Amazing Maurice and His Educated Rodents - Terry Pratchett (2001)
• The Ambassadors - Henry James (1903)
• America (Amerika) - Franz Kafka (1927)
• American Gods - Neil Gaiman (2001)
• American Pastoral - Philip Roth (1997)
• American Psycho - Brett Easton Ellis (1991)
• An American Tragedy - Theodore Dreiser (1925)
• The Americana, encyclopedia
• The Amityville Horror - Jay Anson (1977)
• Amos Fortune, Free Man - Elizabeth Yates (1951 Newbery Medal)
• Amsterdam - Ian McEwan (1998)
• Anatol - Arthur Schnitzler
• Anatomy of a Murder - Robert Traver (1958)
• And Now Miguel - Joseph Krumgold, (1954 Newbery Medal)
• Andersonville - MacKinlay Kantor (1955)
• The Andromeda Strain - Michael Crichton (1969)
• Angela's Ashes - Frank McCourt
• Angle of Repose - Wallace Stegner (1971)
• Aniara (poetry) - Harry Martinson (1956)
• Animal Farm - George Orwell (1945)
• Anna of the Five Towns - Arnold Bennett
• Anna Karenina - Lev Tolstoy (1871)
• Anne of Green Gables - L. M. Montgomery
• Anthem - Ayn Rand (1938)
• Antols Größenwahn - Arthur Schnitzler
• Anvil of Stars - Greg Bear (1992)
• The Apocalypse Watch - Robert Ludlum (1995)
• Apollyon - Jerry B. Jenkins & Tim LaHaye (1999)
• Apples of Gold - Jo Petty (1962)
• The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz - Mordecai Richler (1959)
• Apologia Pro Vita Sua - John Henry Newman
• The Aquitaine Progression - Robert Ludlum (1984)
• Arabian Nights - Abu abd-Allah Muhammed el-Gahshigar (9th century)
• Arabian Nights and Days - Naguib Mahfouz (1981)
• Armageddon - Leon Uris (1964)
• Armies of the Night - Norman Mailer (1968)
• The Arms of Krupp 1587-1968 - William Manchester (1964)
• Around the World in Eighty Days - Jules Verne
• Around the World with Auntie Mame - Patrick Dennis (1958)
• The Arraignment - Steve Martini (2003)
• The Arrangement - Elia Kazan (1967)
• Arrow in the Blue - Arthur Koestler (1952)
• The Art of War - Sun Tzu (6th century BC)
• Artemis Fowl (series) - Eoin Colfer
• Artemis Fowl: The Eternity Code - Eoin Colfer (2003)
• As I Lay Dying - William Faulkner (1930)
• As the Crow Flies - Jeffrey Archer (1991)
• The Ascent of Man - Jacob Bronowski (1975)
• The Ash Garden - Dennis Bock (2001)
• Asimov's Mysteries - Isaac Asimov (1968)
• Aspects of Love (novel) - David Garnett
• Assassins - Jerry B. Jenkins & Tim LaHaye (1999)
• Assignment in Eternity - Robert A. Heinlein (1953)
• The Assumption of the Rogues and Rascals - Elizabeth Smart (1982)
• At Lady Molly's - Anthony Powell (1957)
• At the Going Down of the Sun - Elizabeth Darrell (1985)
• Atlas Shrugged - Ayn Rand (1957)
• Atomised - Michel Houellebecq (1999)
• Atonement - Ian McEwan (2002)
• August 1914 - Alexander Solzhenitsyn (1972)
• The Aunt's Story - Patrick White (1948)
• Auntie Mame - Patrick Dennis (1955)
• The Autobiography of Malcolm X - Alex Haley & Malcolm X (1965)
• The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman - Ernest J. Gaines (1971)
• Axiomatic - Greg Egan

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of books by title: A."

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List of Chinese language poets

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Poets who wrote or write much of their poetry in the Chinese language.

A

Sin Ai

B

C

Cao Cao

Cao Pi

Cao Zhi

D

Du Fu, the Poet Saint

Du Mu (803-852 - Chinese poet)

E

F

G

H

Han Yu

I

J

Jia Dao

K

L

Li Hou Zhu

Li Po, the Poet Immortal

Li Qingzhao

Li Shanyin

Li Yu

M

Mao Zedong

Meng Houran

N

Natsume Soseki, Japan's greatest modern composer of Chinese poetry

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

Wang Wei, the Poet Buddha

Wang Changling

X

Xu Zhi Mo 1895-1931, melancholic poet of early 20th century

Y

John Yau

Z

See also: Chinese poetry -- List of poets -- List of famous Chinese people

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of Chinese language poets."

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List of cities in Germany starting with A

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of cities in Germany: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

Town	Population	District	Bundesland
Aachen	246,000	--	North Rhine-Westphalia
Aalen	66,559	Ostalbkreis	Baden-Württemberg
Abtsgmünd	7,279	Ostalbkreis	Baden-Württemberg
Adelmannsfelden	1,807	Ostalbkreis	Baden-Württemberg
Ahaus	37,300	Borken	North Rhine-Westphalia
Aichach	20,300	Aichach-Friedberg	Bavaria
Alfeld	23,000	Hildesheim	Lower Saxony
Alsdorf	46,100	Aachen	North Rhine-Westphalia
Altena	22,658	Märkischer Kreis	North Rhine-Westphalia
Altenburg	41,300	Altenburger Land	Thuringia
Altenkirchen	6,600	Altenkirchen	Rhineland-Palatinate
Altötting	12,700	Altötting	Bavaria
Alzey	18,200	Alzey-Worms	Rhineland-Palatinate
Amberg	43,200	--	Bavaria
Anklam	16,500	Ostvorpommern	Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Ansbach	39,800	--	Bavaria
Apolda	25,000	Weimarer Land	Thuringia
Arendsee	3,100	Altmarkkreis Salzwedel	Saxony-Anhalt
Arnsberg	77,341	Hochsauerland	North Rhine-Westphalia
Aschaffenburg	66,800	--	Bavaria
Attendorn	24,500	Olpe	North Rhine-Westphalia
Auerbach	9,300	Amberg-Sulzbach	Bavaria
Augsburg	256,600	--	Bavaria
Aurich	39,900	Aurich	Lower Saxony

A "--" in the district column means, that the town is a district-free town, i.e. it is by itself a district.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of cities in Germany starting with A."

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List of colleges and universities starting with A

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X -- Y -- Z

1. A.V.C. College
2. Aachen University of Technology
3. Aalborg Business College
4. Aalborg University
5. Aarhus School of Business
6. Aarhus Technical College
7. Abant Izzet Baysal University
8. Aberdeen University
9. Abertay University
10. Abilene Christian University
11. Åbo Akademi University
12. Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College
13. Academy Canada
14. Academy of Economics, Wroclaw
15. Academy of Media Arts
16. Acadia University
17. Adam Mickiewicz University
18. Addis Ababa University
19. Adelphi University
20. Agder College
21. Agnes Scott College
22. Agricultural University of Norway (NLH)
23. Air Force Institute of Technology
24. Ajman University College of Science and Technology
25. Akita University
26. Al Akhawayn University
27. Al.I.Cuza Iasi University of Iasi
28. Alabama Aviation and Technical College
29. Alabama State University
30. Alagappa Government College of Engineering and Technology
31. Alaska Pacific University
32. Albany College of Pharmacy
33. Albany State University
34. Albert Ludwigs Universitat Freiburg
35. Albert Szentgyorgyi Medical University
36. Alberta, University of
37. Alberta Vocational College Calgary
38. Albertson College of Idaho
39. Albion College
40. Albuquerque Technical-Vocational Institute
41. Alcorn State University
42. Alesund College
43. Alfred University
44. Algonquin College of Applied Arts and Technology
45. All Hallows College
46. All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Delhi
47. Allegany College of Maryland
48. Allegheny College
49. Allegheny University of the Health Sciences
50. Allentown College
51. Alma College
52. Altay State University
53. Alverno College
54. Alvin Community College
55. Amarillo College
56. Ambassador University
57. American Academy of English
58. American Baptist Theological Seminary
59. American College of Prehospital Medicine
60. American Graduate School of International Relations and Diplomacy
61. American River College
62. American University
63. American University in Bulgaria
64. American University in Cairo
65. American University of Armenia
66. American University of Beirut
67. American University of Paris
68. Amherst College
69. Anadolu University
70. Anderson College
71. Anderson University
72. Andhra University College of Engineering
73. Andrews University
74. Andrews University School of Business
75. Angelo State University
76. Anglia Polytechnic University
77. Anna University
78. Annamalai University
79. Anne Arundel Community College
80. Anoka-Ramsey Community College
81. Antioch University
82. Aoyama Gakuin
83. Appalachian Bible College
84. Appalachian State University
85. Aquinas College
86. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
87. Arizona State University (Tempe, Arizona)
88. Arizona Western College
89. Arkansas State University
90. Arkansas Tech University
91. Armed Forces Medical College, Pune
92. Armstrong State College
93. Art Academy of Cincinnati
94. Art Center, College of Design
95. Art Institute of Seattle
96. Ashland University
97. Asian Institute of Management
98. Asian Institute of Technology
99. Askeri Elektronik Sanayi
100. Asnuntuck Community-Technical College
101. Associated Canadian Theological Schools
102. Assumption College
103. Assumption University
104. Aston University
105. Ateneo de Manila University
106. Athabasca University
107. Athena University
108. Athens Area Technical Institute
109. Athens State College
110. Athens University of Economics and Business (AUEB)
111. Athlone Regional Technical College
112. Atlantic Baptist University (Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada)
113. Atlantic Community College
114. Attila Jozsef University
115. Auburn University
116. Auckland University of Technology
117. Augsburg College
118. Augustana College, IL
119. Augustana College, SD
120. Augustana University College
121. Augusta State University
122. Aurora University
123. Austin College
124. Austin Community College
125. Australian Catholic University
126. Australian Correspondence Schools
127. Australian Defence Force Academy
128. Australian International Hotel School
129. Australian National University
130. Averett College
131. Avila University
132. Ayr College
133. Azusa Pacific University

See also : Colleges and universities

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of colleges and universities starting with A."

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List of Japanese authors:A

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of Japanese authors

• Abe Shozo (December 6,1887 - March 23,1940)
• Abe Tokuzo (1889 - 1944)
• Abe Kobo (1924 - 1993)
• Adachi Eiji (born 1936)
• Aeba Koson (August 15,1855 - June 20,1922)
• Akaboshi Yo (December 10,1890 - December 17,1942)
• Akagi Kohei (February 9,1891 - December 10,1949)
• Akino Taira
• Akutagawa Ryunosuke (March 1,1892 - July 24,1927)
• Amicis Edmondo De (October 31,1846 - March 11,1908)
• Andreev Leonid Nikolaevich (1871 - 1919)
• Anezaki Chofu (July 25,1873 - July 23,1949)
• Anezaki Masaharu (July 25,1873 - July 23,1949)
• Aoki Eime
• Aoki Getto (November 20,1879 - March 17,1949)
• Aoki Nagayoshi (August 15,1879 - April 19,1935)
• Araki Chikuo (1823 - January 13,1908)
• Araki Kodo (1823 - January 13,1908)
• Araki Takashi (October 4,1905 - June 4,1950)
• Arishima Takeo (March 4,1878 - June 9,1923)
• Ariwara no Narihira (825-880)
• Arrhenius Svante (1859 - 1927)
• Artsybashev Mikhail Petrovich (1878 - 1927)
• Asai Retsu (October 10,1849 - February 27,1938)
• Asakura Katsuhiko
• Ashida Enosuke (January 8,1873 - December 9,1951)
• Awashima Kangetsu (October 23,1859 - February 23,1926)

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of Japanese authors:A."

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List of National Basketball Association players

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A

• Kareem Abdul-Jabbar
• Danny Ainge
• Ray Allen
• Nate Archibald
• Paul Arizin
• Ron Artest

B

• Charles Barkley
• Brett Barry
• John Barry
• Jon Barry
• Rick Barry
• Elgin Baylor
• Dave Bing
• Larry Bird
• Manute Bol
• Shawn Bradley
• Kobe Bryant

C

• Marcus Camby
• Vince Carter
• Wilt Chamberlain
• Bob Cousy
• Dave Cowens
• Billy Cunningham

D

• Dave DeBusschere
• Vlade Divac
• Clyde Drexler
• Tim Duncan

E

• Julius Erving
• Patrick Ewing

F

• Michael Finley
• Steve Francis

G

• Pau Gasol
• Andrew Gaze
• George Gervin
• Emanuel Ginobili
• Horace Grant
• Hal Greer

H

• Richard Hamilton
• John Havlicek
• Elvin Hayes

I

• Allen Iverson

J

• LeBron James
• Dennis Johnson
• Gus Johnson
• Kevin Johnson
• Magic Johnson
• Bobby Jones
• K. C. Jones
• Sam Jones
• Michael Jordan

K

• Steve Kerr
• Jason Kidd
• Toni Kukoc

L

• Andrew Lang
• Horacio Llamas
• Luc Longley
• Jerry Lucas

M

• Mark Madsen
• Karl Malone
• Moses Malone
• Danny Manning
• Pete Maravich
• Kevin McHale
• George Mikan
• Brad Miller
• Reggie Miller
• Earl Monroe
• Dikembe Mutombo

N

• Steve Nash
• Dirk Nowitzki

O

• Hakeem Olajuwon
• Shaquille O'Neal
• Jose Ortiz

P

• Robert Parish
• Jim Paxson
• John Paxson
• Gary Payton
• Drazen Petrovic
• Bob Pettit
• Scottie Pippen

R

• Ramon Ramos
• Willis Reed
• Glen Rice
• Ramon Rivas
• Pat Riley
• Oscar Robertson
• David Robinson
• Dennis Rodman
• Bill Russell

S

• Daniel Santiago
• Danny Schayes
• Dolph Schayes
• Bill Sharman
• John Stockton
• Peja Stojakovic
• Amare Stoudemire

T

• Isiah Thomas
• Nate Thurmond
• Hedo Turkoglu

U

• Wes Unseld

W

• Ben Wallace
• Rasheed Wallace
• Bill Walton
• Jerry West
• Paul Westphal
• Lenny Wilkens
• Dominique Wilkins
• Eddie Wilkins
• Gerald Wilkins
• James Worthy

Y

• Yao Ming

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of National Basketball Association players."

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List of people by name: A

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z Aa - Ab - Ac - Ad - Ae - Af - Ag - Ah - Ai - Aj - Ak - Al - Am - An - Ao - Ap - Aq - Ar - As - At - Au - Av - Aw - Ax - Ay - Az

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of people by name: A."

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List of people by name: Aa

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z Aa - Ab - Ac - Ad - Ae - Af - Ag - Ah - Ai - Aj - Ak - Al - Am - An - Ao - Ap - Aq - Ar - As - At - Au - Av - Aw - Ax - Ay - Az

• Aagesen, Andrew, (1826-1879), Danish jurist
• Aali, Mehemet, (1815-1871), Turkish statesman
• Aaliyah, (1979-August 25, 2001), American rhythm and blues singer
• Aalto, Alvar, (1898-1976), Finnish architect
• Aaron, (ca. 1300 BC), Biblical figure
• Aaron, Hank, (born 1934), baseball player
• Aaronsohn, Sarah, (1890-1917), head of Nili, a Jewish spy-ring
• Aaronson, Marc, (USA, 1950-1987), astronomer
• Aasen, Ivar, (1813-1896), linguist

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of people by name: Aa."

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List of people by name: Ab

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z Aa - Ab - Ac - Ad - Ae - Af - Ag - Ah - Ai - Aj - Ak - Al - Am - An - Ao - Ap - Aq - Ar - As - At - Au - Av - Aw - Ax - Ay - Az

• Abacha, Sani (1943-1998), dictator of Nigeria
• Abagnale, Frank (b. 1948), US impostor and cheque fraud
• Abancourt, Charles d', (1758-1792), French statesman
• Abaris, priest of Apollo
• Abati (Niccolo Dell'Abbato), (1512-1571) artist
• Abba Mari (Abba Mari ben Moses ben Joseph), 14th century French rabbi
• Abbandando, Frank, (1910-1942), Mafia hitman
• Aberigh-Mackay, George Robert, (1848-1881), author
• Abbadie, Antoine Thomson d', (1810-1897), traveler
• Abbadie, Jakob, (1654?-1727), Swiss Protestant preacher
• Abbas I, (1813-1854), pasha of Egypt
• Abbas I, (e. 1557-1628 or 1629), shah of Persia
• Abbas II, (1874-1944), khedive of Egypt
• Abauzit, Firmin, (1679-1767), French scientist
• Abbas, Khwaja Ahmad, (1914-1987), film director
• Abbe, Ernst, (1840-1905), physicist
• Abbey, Edwin Austin, (1852-1911)
• Abbey, Lynn, US author
• Abbot, Archbishop George, (1562-1633), Archbishop of Canterbury
• Abbott, Diane Julie, (born September 27, 1953) British Labour MP
• Abbot, Ezra, (1819-1884), American biblical scholar
• Abbot, George, (1603-1648), English writer
• Abbot, Robert, (1588?-1662?), English Puritan divine
• Abbot, William, (1798-1843), British actor
• Abbott, Bud, (1895-1974), US actor
• Abbott, Edwin Abbott, (1838-1926), British schoolmaster & theologian
• Abbott, Emma, (1849-1891), American singer
• Abbott, Jacob, (1803-1879), American writer
• Abbott, John Stevens Cabot, (1805-1877), American writer
• Abbott, Lyman, (1835- ), American divine and author
• Abbott, Russ, British comedian
• Abdul, Paula, (born 1962), US musician
• Abdul-Baha
• Abdul-Jabbar, Kareem, (born 1947), US athlete
• Abe Kobo, (1924-1993), Japanese author of The Woman In the Dunes, The Magic Chalk
• Abeken, Heinrich, (1809-1872)
• Abel, Karl Friedrich, (1723-1787), German composer
• Abel, Niels Henrik, (1802-1829), Norwegian mathematician
• Abel, Thomas, (c. 1497-1540), an English priest
• Abd-ar-rahman I, (d.788), Muslim Spain ruler
• Abd-ar-rahman II, (d.852), Spanish Umayyad
• Abd-ar-rahman III, (912-961), prince of the Ummayad dynasty in Spain
• Abd-ar-rahman IV, (1017), Muslim Spain ruler
• Abd-ar-rahman V, (1023-1024), Muslim Spain ruler
• Abd-el-Aziz IV, (1880- ), sultan of Morocco
• Abd-el-Kader, (c. 1807-1883), Emir of Mascara
• Abd-el-latif, (1162-1231), physician and traveller
• Abdulkhaleq, Rosa Mustafa, (b. 1976), Yemeni pilot
• Abeille, Louis, (1765-1832), German composer
• Abelard, Peter, (1079-1142), French scholastic philosopher
• Abell, George Ogden, (USA, 1927-1983), astronomer
• Abercrombie, James (1706-1781), British General in French and Indian War
• Abercrombie, James (?-1775), British Colonel, killed at Bunker Hill.
• Abercrombie, John, (1780-1844), musician
• Aberhart, William, (1878-1943), Canadian politician
• Abernathy, Ralph, (1936-1996), US civil rights leader
• Abgar, (29 BC-26 BC)
• Abich, Otto Wilhelm Hermann von, (1806-1886), German mineralogist, geologist
• Abington, Frances, (1737-1815), actor
• Abraham, (ca. 1800 BC), Biblical figure
• Abraham of Alexandria, (d.978), Coptic Pope
• Abraham, F. Murray, (born 1939), actor
• Abraham, Ralph, mathematician
• Abram, Joze, (1875-1938), poet
• Abrams, Albert, fraudulent doctor
• Abrams, Pete, cartoonist
• Abreu, Luis, actor
• Absalom, (ca. 1000 BC), Biblical figure, third son of David
• Absalon, (c. 1128-1201), Danish archbishop
• Abse, Dannie, (born 1923)
• Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi, (864-930)
• Abu Nidal, (1937-2002), Syrian terrorist
• Abu-Jamal, Mumia, (Wesley Cook, b. 1954), US journalist & activist
• Abulfeda, (1273-1331), geographer

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of people by name: Ab."

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List of people by name: Ac

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z Aa - Ab - Ac - Ad - Ae - Af - Ag - Ah - Ai - Aj - Ak - Al - Am - An - Ao - Ap - Aq - Ar - As - At - Au - Av - Aw - Ax - Ay - Az

• Acacius, Patriarch, patriarch of Constantinople
• Acaries, Louis, boxer, former world title challenger, now promoter
• Achard, Marcel, (1899-1974), playwrighter and scriptwriter
• Achebe, Chinua, (b.1930), nigerian writer
• Acheson, Dean, (1893-1971), USA Secretary
• Achillas of Alexandria, (d.313), Coptic Pope, Patriarch of Alexandria
• Acker, Kathy, (1947-1997), author
• Ackerman, Forrest J, (b.1916), US science fiction author
• Ackermann, Wilhelm, (1896-1962), mathematician
• Ackroyd, Peter, (b.1949), English author, novelist
• Aconcagua (musician)
• Acorn, Milton, (1923-1986), poet
• Acosta, Uriel, (1585-1640), philosopher
• Acton, Loren, (b.1936), US astronaut
• Acuff, Roy, musician

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of people by name: Ac."

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List of people by name: Ad

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z Aa - Ab - Ac - Ad - Ae - Af - Ag - Ah - Ai - Aj - Ak - Al - Am - An - Ao - Ap - Aq - Ar - As - At - Au - Av - Aw - Ax - Ay - Az

• Adachi Hatazo, Lieutenant general and Japanese commander in New Guinea
• Adachi Kagemori, (? - 1248), Japanese warrior
• Adachi Morinaga, (1135 - 1200), Japanese warrior
• Adalbert of Prague, (c.956-997), saint
• Adam, Biblical figure, first man
• Adam of Chillenden, Archbishop of Canterbury
• Adam, Adolphe-Charles, (1803-1856), composer
• Adam, Ian, (b,1937), Canadian writer
• Adam, Robert, (1728-1792), architect
• Adamic, Bojan, (b.1912), composer and conductor.
• Adamkus, Valdas, Lithuanian president
• Adam, Melchior, (d.1622), German divine and biographer.
• Adamnan, (625-704), Irish religious leader
• Adamo, (b.1943), singer
• Adamov, Arthur, 1908-1997) dramatist, author
• Adams, Abigail, (1744-1818), First Lady of the United States
• Adams, Andrew, (1736-1797), U.S. poloitical leader from Connecticut
• Adams, Ansel, (1902-1984), photographer
• Adams, Bryan, (b.1959), Canadian singer
• Adam-Schwaetzer, Irmgard, German government minister
• Adams, Douglas, (1952-2001), British author of Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
• Adams, Evangeline, US astrologer
• Adams, Franklin, painter
• Adams, Gerry, (b.1948) Irish politician & Sinn Féin leader
• Adams, Harold, author
• Adams, Henry, (1838-1918), Democracy: An American Novel
• Adams, John, (1735-1826), second President of the United States
• Adams, John (composer), (b.1947)
• Adams, John Couch, (1819-1892), astronomer
• Adams, John (Pitcairn)
• Adams, John Quincy, (1767-1848) sixth President of the United States
• Adams, Leonie, poet
• Adams, Michael, chess player
• Adams, Milivi, (1997-2002), young cancer patient
• Adamson, Joy, (d.1980), conservationist and author
• Adams, Richard, (b.1920), British novelist
• Adams, Ryan, (b.1974), singer-songwriter, musician
• Adams, Samuel (American revolutionary), (1722-1803), American patriot, US Governor of Massachusetts
• Adams, Scott, (b.1957), US creator of the Dilbert comic strip
• Adams, Tony, (b.1966), athlete
• Adams, Walter, (1876-1956), American astronomer
• Adams, Yolanda, musician
• Adamski, George, (1891-1965), US UFO "traveler"
• Adamson, James, astronaut
• Adams, Willie, Canadian senator
• Adcock, Fleur, (b.1934), poet
• Addams, Jane, (1860-1935), social worker
• Adderley, Cannonball, (1928-1975), saxophonist
• Addis, Filippo
• Addison, Joseph, (1672-1719), English poet
• Ade, George, (d.1944), The Slim Princess
• Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, (1792-1849), Queen-Consort of King William IV of the United Kingdom
• Adelard of Bath, 12th century scholastic philosopher
• Adenauer, Konrad, (1876-1967), West German chancellor
• Adeodatus, Pope, (d.676)
• Ader, Clément, (1841-1925), French engineer and inventor
• Adjani, Isabelle, (b.1955), French actress
• Adler, Ada, (1878-1946), Danish scholar
• Adler, Alfred, (1870-1937), father of Individual Psychology
• Adler, Dankmar, (1844-1900), architect
• Adler, David, (1882-1949), architect
• Adler, Friedrich, psychologist
• Adler, Mortimer, (1902-2001), U.S. philosopher & author
• Adler, Victor, Austrian Social Democratic leader
• Adoin, Armad, musician
• Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg, (ruled 1292-1298), German emperor
• Adolphus, Gustavus, (1594-1632), King of Sweden
• Adolphus, 1st Duke of Cambridge, (1774-1850)
• Adoree, Renee, (1898-1933), French actor
• Ador, Gustave, (1845-1928), Swiss president
• Adorno, Theodor, (1903-1969), philosopher
• Adrian I, Pope, (d.795)
• Adrian II, Pope, (d.872)
• Adrian of Nicomedia, (d.303 or 304), Christian saint
• Adrian III, Pope, pope from 884 to 885
• Adrian IV, (c. 1100-1159), pope from 1154 to 1159
• Adrian V, Pope
• Adrian VI, (1459-1523), pope from 1522 to 1523
• Adrian, Patriarch, (d.1700), Metropolitan of Moscow
• Adu, Freddy (born 1989) soccer player

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of people by name: Ad."

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List of people by name: Ae

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z Aa - Ab - Ac - Ad - Ae - Af - Ag - Ah - Ai - Aj - Ak - Al - Am - An - Ao - Ap - Aq - Ar - As - At - Au - Av - Aw - Ax - Ay - Az

• Aedesius, (d.355AD), Neoplatonist philosopher
• Aegineta, Paulus, (4th century), surgeon of the island of Aegina
• Aefric, (c. 955-1020?), the Grammarian, English abbot
• Aelfsige, Archbishop of Canterbury
• Aemilia Scaura, (c. 100 BC-82 BC), wife of Pompey
• Aemilianus, Roman Emperor in the year 253
• Aelianus, Claudius, (d. 222), Roman author and teacher of rhetoric
• Aelle of Sussex, Bretwalda, king of the South Saxons
• Aeschylus, (525-456 BC), Greek dramatist
• Aesop, (c.620-c.560 BC, writer of the Fables
• Aethelhard, (St.) 793
• Aethelnoth, (d.1038 Archbishop of Canterbury
• Aethelred, Archbishop of Canterbury
• Aetion, (4th century BC), greek painter

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of people by name: Ae."

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List of people by name: Af

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z Aa - Ab - Ac - Ad - Ae - Af - Ag - Ah - Ai - Aj - Ak - Al - Am - An - Ao - Ap - Aq - Ar - As - At - Au - Av - Aw - Ax - Ay - Az

• Afanasyev, Viktor, Russian astronaut
• Affan, Uthman ibn, (d. 656) caliph
• Affif, Ron, musician
• Affleck, Ben, (born 1972), US actor
• Affre, Denis Auguste, (1793-1848), archbishop of Paris
• Afonso I Henriques of Portugal, (1109-1185), first king of Portugal in 1139
• Afonso II of Portugal, (1185-1233), king in Afonso III of Portugal, (1210-1279), king in 1247
• Afonso IV of Portugal, (1290-1357), king in 1325
• Afonso V of Portugal, (1432-1481), king in 1438
• Afonso VI of Portugal, (1643-1683), king in 1656
• Afranius, Lucius, Roman comic poet, flourished about 94 BC

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a