Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
| Domain | Definition |
Physics | (1867-1917) This Norwegian physicist was among the early pioneers of plasma physics and space physics. He is perhaps most famous for his early and prescient explanation of the aurora borealis in terms of energetic particles from the solar wind interacting with the earth's magnetosphere. He was the first to characterize the magnetic fields and field-aligned Birkeland currents in the polar regions of the earth. However, he also invented electromagnetic rail guns, plasma arcs for nitrogen fixation (fertilizer production).This description was drawn from a brief biographic sketch at: http://www.fys.uio.no/plasma/english/texts/birkeland/. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)42 49 52 4B 45 4C 41 4E 44 2C 4B 52 49 53 54 49 41 4E 4F 4C 41 46 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01000010 01001001 01010010 01001011 01000101 01001100 01000001 01001110 01000100 00101100 00100000 01001011 01010010 01001001 01010011 01010100 01001001 01000001 01001110 00100000 01001111 01001100 01000001 01000110 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)B I R K E L A N D ,   K R I S T I A N   O L A F |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0042 0049 0052 004B 0045 004C 0041 004E 0044 002C 004B 0052 0049 0053 0054 0049 0041 004E 004F 004C 0041 0046 |
Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)3643524539463548381424552435354433548249463540 |
| 1. Orthography 2. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
